There’s a new frontier in 3D printing that’s beginning to come into focus: food. Recent development has made possible machines that print, cook, and serve foods on a mass scale. And the industry isn’t stopping there.
Food production
With a 3D printer, a cook can print complicated chocolate sculptures and beautiful pieces for decoration on a wedding cake. Not everybody can do that -- it takes years of experience, but a printer makes it easy. A restaurant in Spain uses a Foodini to “re-create forms and pieces” of food that are “exactly the same,”, freeing cooks to complete other tasks. In another restaurant, all of the dishes and desserts it serves are 3D-printed, rather than farm to table.
Sustainability（可持续性）
The global population is expected to grow to 9.6 billion by 2050, and some analysts estimate that food production will need to be raised by 50 percent to maintain current levels. Sustainability is becoming a necessity. 3D food printing could probably contribute to the solution. Some experts believe printers could use hydro-colloids（水解胶体）from plentiful renewable like algae（藻类）and grass to replace the familiar ingredients. 3D printing can reduce fuel use and emissions. Grocery stores of the future might stock “food” that lasts years on end, freeing up shelf space and reducing transportation and storage requirements.
Nutrition
Future 3D food printers could make processed food healthier. Hod Lipson, a professor at Columbia University, said, “Food printing could allow consumers to print food with customized nutritional content, like vitamins. So instead of eating a piece of yesterday’s bread from the supermarket, you’d eat something baked just for you on demand.”
Challenges
Despite recent advancements in 3D food printing, the industry has many challenges to overcome. Currently, most ingredients must be changed to a paste before a printer can use them, and the printing process is quite time-consuming, because ingredients interact with each other in very complex ways. On top of that, most of the 3D food printers now are restricted to dry ingredients, because meat and milk products may easily go bad. Some experts are skeptical about 3D food printers, believing they are better suited for fast food restaurants than homes and high-end restaurants.
【小题1】What benefit does 3D printing bring to food production?| A．It helps cooks to create new dishes. | B．It saves time and effort in cooking. |
| C．It improves the cooking conditions. | D．It contributes to restaurant decorations. |
| A．It solves food shortages easily. | B．It quickens the transportation of food. |
| C．It needs no space for the storage of food. | D．It uses renewable materials as sources of food. |
| A．is more available to consumers | B．can meet individual nutritional needs |
| C．is tastier than food in supermarkets | D．can keep all the nutrition in raw materials |
| A．The printing process is complicated. | B．3D food printers are too expensive. |
| C．Food materials have to be dry. | D．Some experts doubt 3D food printing. |
| A．3D Food Printing: Delicious New Technology | B．A New Way to Improve 3D Food Printing |
| C．The Challenges for 3D Food Production | D．3D Food Printing: From Farm to Table |
When I first arrived in China, some of the first Chinese vocabulary I learned had to do with food. I learned the names of a few dishes, but still didn’t know most of the items I saw on Chinese restaurant menus. Luckily, there were pictures to help me decide.
Nearly every restaurant menu in China has pictures of food in it. But many restaurants I’ve been to in the US don’t. What is the reason for the difference?
One thing I’ve definitely (明确地) noticed about China is that food is a bigger part of their culture than it is in the US. A common way to greet someone in China is to ask them if they’ve eaten yet. My Chinese friends post pictures of their meals online way more often than my US friends.
Food is just a bigger deal here—and having pictures of food in menus is part of that. Some menus are almost like works of art, with vivid (生动的) and well-framed (构图精美) photos.
Another thing is the names of the dishes. Chinese dishes sometimes have fanciful (想象的) names like “palace guard chicken” or “three fresh things from the soil”. These are interesting names, but they don’t really tell you what the dishes are like. Therefore, it’s helpful to have pictures so you can actually see what you’re going to be eating.
There’s probably even more to it than that. All I know is that I was very thankful to have those picture menus when I first came here all those years ago.
【小题1】What did the writer find useful when ordering food in China?| A．Pictures of dishes in menus. | B．The English names of dishes. | C．Chinese characters. |
| A．They are almost like works of art. |
| B．They all sound fanciful to foreigners. |
| C．They don’t always say what are in the dishes. |
A． | B． | C． |
| A．what the writer thinks of Chinese dishes |
| B．why Chinese menus have pictures of food |
| C．how some Chinese dishes are named |
How often do you eat fast food?
【小题1】________ of the people eat fast food once a week.
| A．14% | B．28% | C．44% |
| A．twice a week | B．every day | C．more than three times a week |
When people think of healthy food for eyes, they think of carrots. Yes, carrots are good for eyes.
Kale Kale is a green vegetable. It looks like (像) a cabbage. If you often eat kale, you can still have healthy eyes when you are old. And the vitamin A in it can help you see well in the dark (黑暗).
Chicken Chicken is great food for eyes. And you can cook it in many ways. You can cook chicken soup, gongbao chicken, chicken noodles and chicken salad. All of them are nice and healthy.
Salmon Salmon is a kind of fish. It has a lot of Omega-3. If you have dry (干燥的) eyes, Omega-3 in salmon can help you. You don’t need to eat much every time. A little can be OK.
【小题1】Kale is a kind of ________.| A．vegetable | B．fruit | C．cabbage | D．vitamin |
| A．carrots | B．kale | C．salmon | D．ice-cream |
| A．We all have bad eyes when we are old. |
| B．Vitamin A helps us see well in the dark. |
| C．There are a lot of Omega-3 in chicken |
| D．If we often eat kale, we will not be old. |
| A．carrots are good for eyes | B．delicious and healthy food |
| C．how to cook chicken | D．healthy food for eyes |
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