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Do you know why different animals or pests(昆虫)have their special colors? Colors in them seem to be used mainly to protect themselves.
Some birds like eating locusts(蝗虫), but birds cannot easily catch them. Why? It is because locusts change their colors together with the change of colors of crops(庄稼). When crops are green, locusts look green. But as the harvest time comes, locusts change to the same brown color as crops have. Some other pests with different colors from plants are easily found and eaten by others. So they have to hide themselves for lives and appear only at night.
If you study the animal life, you’ll find the main use of coloring is to protect themselves. Bears, lions and other animals move quietly through forests. They cannot be easily seen by hunters(猎人). This is because they have the colors much like the trees.
Have you ever noticed an even stranger act? A kind of fish in the sea can send out a kind of very black liquid(液体)when it faces danger. While the liquid spreads over(散开), its enemies(敌人)cannot find it. And it immediately swims away. So it has lived up to now though it is not strong at all.
【小题1】From the passage we learn that locusts _______.
A.are small animalsB.are easily found by birds
C.are dangerous to their enemiesD.change their colors to protect themselves
【小题2】How can pests with different colors from plants keep out of danger?
A.They run away quickly.
B.They have the colors much like their enemies.
C.They hide themselves by day and appear at night.
D.They have to move quietly.
【小题3】Bears and lions can keep safe because _______.
A.they have the colors much like the treesB.they move quietly
C.they like brown and gray colorsD.they live in forests
【小题4】Why can the kind of fish live up to now?
A.Because it is very strong.
B.Because the liquid it sends out can help it escape from its enemies
C.Because the liquid it sends out can kill its enemies.
D.Because it swims faster than any other fish.
【小题5】Which is the best title for this passage?
A.The Change of Colors for Animals and PestsB.Colors of Different Animals and Pests
C.The Main Use of Colors for Animals and PestsD.Some Animals and Pests
2010·四川眉山·中考真题
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Remember the story called The Thirsty Crow(口渴的乌鸦)? A smart thirsty crow succeeds in getting water by dropping stones in a bottle. A piece of news in Sweden turns out the story is true.

The news says a Swedish company called Corvid Cleaning is training wild crows to pick up cigarette butts(烟蒂)from the streets of Södertälje, a city not far from Stockholm.

Trash is bad for the environment in many ways. For example, animals (both on land and in the ocean) often mistake trash for food and eat it. Sometimes they even die because of that. Cigarettes are one of the most dangerous forms of trash.

________ Through a machine. The crows are trained to put the cigarette butts into the machine. If the machine makes sure the thing is a cigarette butt after scanning(扫描)it, the crows will get food from it as a reward(回报). Sounds interesting, right?

According to Christian Günther-Hanssen, the founder of the company, with crows’ help, they don’t need to spend so much on the cigarette butts cleanup. “Crows are known to be one of the smartest animals in the world. They’re easier to teach. At the same time, there’s a lower risk of them eating any trash by mistake,” Christian said.

The crows for the cleaning job are still living in the wild, and they are free to stop the project at any time. If they keep coming back to Corvid Cleaning’s machine with dirty cigarettes, they must be enjoying the food there.

【小题1】From the passage, we know that ________ might have brought problems to Sweden.
A.crowsB.smokersC.modern machinesD.Christian’s company
【小题2】The underlined word “that” refers to ________.
A.getting much trainingB.eating the trash by mistake
C.picking up the cigarette buttsD.living in a terrible environment
【小题3】Which of the following can be put in ________?
A.How did the company train the crows?
B.Where did Christian find so many crows?
C.What kind of crow is suit for the cleaning job?
D.How did Christian come up with the idea of working with crows?
【小题4】Which is NOT the reason for using crows to pick up cigarette butts?
A.Crows are usually good learners.
B.Using crows can help save money on cleaning.
C.Crows can be easily attracted by the food in the machine.
D.The chance of crows taking the cigarette butts as food is lower.
【小题5】What can we learn from the passage?
A.The crows choose to join or leave the project.
B.The crows can exchange cigarette butts for money.
C.There is no harm to the crows to do the cleaning job.
D.The crows have to collect a certain number of cigarette butts.

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