Most of us have learned the virtue (美德) of honesty from some stories. The story of Pinocchio teaches the importance of telling the truth to us. Every time Pinocchio lies, his nose grows longer. These types of stories show children that “honesty is the best”. 【小题1】 The fact is that people lie for many reasons.

One reason people lie is to hide a mistake. While it is true that everyone does something wrong from time to time, some people do not have the courage to admit their mistakes because they are afraid that they will be blamed (责备). For example, students might lie to their teachers about unfinished homework. They might say that they left the homework at home. 【小题2】 These students do not want to get in trouble, so they make up an excuse.

【小题3】 Parents, particularly those with young children, may teach their children to use this type of “protective” lie in certain circumstances (状况). 【小题4】 Many parents teach their children to explain that their mother and father are too busy to come to the phone at that time. In this situation, a protective lie can mean greater safety.

【小题5】 Lying to keep the peace or to stay safe can have positive results. However, lying to stay out of trouble can lead to more trouble in the end. Understanding the motives behind the impulse (冲动) to lie might minimize this habit of lying.

If you think of the jobs robots could never do, you would probably put doctors and teachers at the top of the list. It’s easy to imagine robot cleaners and factory workers, but some jobs need human connection and creativity. In some cases, they already perform better than doctors at diagnosing illness. With these machines, doctors can know what’s wrong with the patients more easily and quickly. Also, some patients might feel more comfortable sharing personal information with a machine than a person. Could there be a place for robots in education after all?

British education expert Anthony Seldon thinks so. And he even has a date for the robot takeover of the classroom: 2027. He thinks robots will do the main job of transferring(转换) information and teachers will be like assistants(助手). Smart robots will read students’ faces, movements and maybe even brain signals(信号). Then they will adapt(改编) the information to each student.

One thing is certain, though. A robot teacher is better than no teacher at all. In some parts of the world, there aren’t enough teachers and 9-16 percent of children under the age of 14 don’t go to school. That problem could be partly solved by robots because they can teach anywhere and won’t get stressed(压力大的), or tired.

Teachers all over the world are leaving because it is a difficult job and they feel overworked. How can robots help teachers? Teachers waste a lot of time doing non-teaching work, including more than 11 hours a week marking homework. If robots could cut the time teachers spend marking homework and writing reports, teachers would have more time and energy for the parts of the job humans do best.

①Animal behavior is an interesting and attractive study. Scientists research the ways animals use to look for food. They study how animals protect themselves from their predators, and which animals kill other animals for food. All of this helps us understand how useful animals can be.

②Each country or culture raises some animals for food. In the United States, people mainly eat meat from cows, chickens and pigs. In other countries, people might raise sheep or buffalo for meat. These differences come in part from weather and other environmental conditions. People around the world eat all kinds of fish and shellfish from oceans and rivers. In some countries, people don’t always choose some animal groups, such as dogs, for food while in other countries such animals may become people’s favorite food.

③In West Africa, animals provide humans with more than food. They have been helping people do daily work for thousands of years. Horses, oxen(牛), and other work animals pull heavy things. Elephants, camels(骆驼) and other animals carry people and things from place to place. Carrier pigeons(信鸽) have been used to send messages.

④People also receive health benefits(利益) from animals. For example, dogs and cats can help calm people down. This is helpful for people to fight illnesses. Animals can also reduce stress(压力), helping people to draw their attention to learning new information, such as reading. When people are walking their dogs or horses, it encourages exercise.

⑤Animals and humans share space on Earth, so keeping a healthy relationship with animals around us is our best interest.

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