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The earth is now covered by space junk after nearly 70 years of space exploration. An accident in 2023 made the clean-up more difficult to start.

According to the European Space Agency (ESA), scientists plan on testing their “junk truck”, ClearSpace-1, in 2025. It’s a spacecraft with four arms that can catch debris (碎片) and bring it back to the earth. One of its tasks is to bring back VESPA, a 113-kilogram, two-metre-wide rocket part.

But it was hit by another piece of space junk in August 2023, creating new pieces. The ESA is now changing its clean-up plan. “We must reduce the creation of new space debris and begin to actively reduce the influence on other objects,” said the agency.

Most satellites today are sent into the earth’s low orbit (轨道), which reach up to around 2,000 kilometres above the earth. There, spacecraft are most likely to hit each other. There may be as many as 170,000,000 pieces of space junk in orbit, according to the ESA. Big or small, any of the pieces can cause harm to a spacecraft. For example, if an object as large as 10 centimeters hit s a satellite, the satellite will break apart.

As for the clean-up, scientists have some other ideas. One popular plan is to send a spacecraft carrying harpoons and magnets (磁铁). The craft would shoot the harpoon to stick into the debris before “throwing” it back to the earth. Magnets could move the debris, changing its direction. The debris would burn after entering the earth’s atmosphere so there wouldn’t be much left when it reaches the earth. Scientists are also considering shooting lasers from the spacecraft to heat up the debris surface, creating a small push that would change the debris’ orbit. This change would allow the debris to be caught by the earth’s gravity.

Space junk can be very dangerous, and space agencies around the world are testing and planning the clean-up. But why haven’t they done anything yet? One reason is the high cost. But they will still keep on testing the cheap and fine clean-up.

【小题1】What is the main purpose of ClearSpace-1?
A.To test the junk truck in orbit.B.To bring VESPA back to the earth.
C.To avoid the accidents in space.D.To clean up the debris from the earth’s orbit.
【小题2】Why is the ESA changing its cleaning plan now?
A.Because it was hit by a satellite.B.Because it discovered more debris in orbit.
C.Because it will create new space junk.D.Because more satellites are sent into the earth.
【小题3】What can we infer from the passage?
A.The lasers from the spacecraft are to burn the debris.
B.Space debris is dangerous and harmful to astronauts.
C.Scientists have been doing research to clean up the space debris.
D.The high cost of space cleaning will stop scientists from testing.
【小题4】What can be a suitable title for the text?
A.Looking for Ways to Clean up SpaceB.Escaping from Crowded Space
C.Dangerous Space DebrisD.Excellent Space Exploration
2024·江苏无锡·一模
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Recently, a research on how a new virtual reality (VR虚拟现实) experience educated children about the fire disasters was done. The new VR experience was developed by the University of South Australia, hoping to educate children to learn how to be safe in a fire. It presents a situation for children aged 10-12. In the situation, they are tasked to look after a friend’s dog just before a fire event begins. They take part in a set of problem-solving activities to help save and protect themselves and the dog.

The findings showed that over 80% of children could calmly tell the advantages and disadvantages of different choices. They also learned to make wise decisions to protect themselves from a fire. Children thought it especially important and meaningful, because 91% of them didn’t have knowledge of fires at the beginning, and 67% had said that they were too young to make safety decisions in a fire.

The researchers believed such VR experiences made it possible to engage (使参与), educate and empower the young. “As children born in modern times, they are interested in such technology and they can experience events in a real situation yet within the safe environment,” said Delene Weber, one of the researchers. “Well-designed VR can provide children with surprisingly valuable learning tools.” Meanwhile, because children have fewer life experiences, aren’t as physically strong, and are less likely to have learned much about fire safety, they’re often most at risk. However, the role that children play in the fire safety at their homes should not be underestimated (低估). “Children don’t need to be always waiting for help in disasters. With these VR experiences, we can make children understand the risks and realize they can help,” said Weber.

【小题1】What’s the purpose of the new VR experience?
A.To describe children’s reactions to fire disasters.
B.To teach children to save themselves in a fire.
C.To introduce ways of avoiding a fire to children.
D.To increase children’s interest in VR experiences.
【小题2】From the findings, what’s the children’s attitude (态度) towards the new VR experience?
A.Doubtful.B.Worried.C.Uncertain.D.Supportive.
【小题3】From Para.3, we mainly get to know the ________ of the new VR experience.
A.developmentB.advantagesC.qualityD.introduction
【小题4】According to the passage, which of the following is TRUE?
A.Well-designed VR can offer children amazingly valuable learning tools.
B.VR experiences are mainly designed for children in high school.
C.Children make no difference in the fire safety at their homes.
D.91% of children believed they weren’t old enough to make safety decisions.

Chat GPT, a smart AI chatbot (聊天机器人) tool, has been very popular all over the world in the past months. According to a US survey of more than 1, 000 students, over 89% of them have used Chat GPT to help with their homework assignment (任务).

Developed by US company Open AI, Chat GPT is a powerful tool. You can ask it to write stories and emails, create recipes (食谱), translate languages, and answer all kinds of questions. Some schools in the US, Australia and France have banned (禁止) the use of Chat GPT. In the US, for example, New York City public schools banned students and teachers from using Chat GPT.

The move comes out of worries that the tool could make it easier for students to cheat on homework assignments. Some also worry that Chat GPT could be used to spread inaccurate (不准确的) information. Apart from bans, teachers are making changes to their classes to stop the use of Chat GPT. Some college teachers in the US try to include more speaking exams and handwritten papers instead of typed ones. However, not all schools say “no” to Chat GPT. Some Canadian universities are drafting policies (起草规章制度) on its use, for both students and teachers. They have no plans to completely ban the tool so far.

BhaskarVira, pro-vice-chancellor (副校长) for education at the University Cambridge in the UK, said that bans on AI software (人工智能软件) like Chat GPT are wise. “We have to know that AI is a tool people will use,” he told the school newspaper the university. “What we need to do is change our learning, teaching and examinations. That way, we can have integrity (诚信) while recognizing (认可) the use of the tool.”


根据语篇内容,选择最佳选项。
【小题1】Chat GPT is a _________ AI chatbot tool.
A.smallB.successfulC.smart
【小题2】What can Chat GPT do?
①Write stories and emails.              ②Create recipes.
③Translate languages.             ④Answer all kinds of questions.
A.①②③B.②③④C.①②③④
【小题3】Some schools in the US banned the use of Chat GPT because ________.
A.students may use it to cheat on homework
B.it hardly provides core information
C.it would replace school teachers
【小题4】Which of the following sentences is TRUE?
A.Some teachers are making changes to their classes to stop the use of Chat GPT.
B.New York City public schools allow students and teachers to use Chat GPT.
C.All schools say “no” to Chat GPT.
【小题5】What’s the best title of this passage?
A.Chat GPT: A useful tool for people
B.Chat GPT: Good or Bad?
C.What is Chat GPT?

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