Once you begin to eat potato chips, you may keep eating until the bag is empty. Have you ever experienced this? Why can’t you stop eating these salty chips? Scientists said it is due to a kind of neuron (神经元).
Scientists at the Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center in Boston have found that some neurons can make us want to eat salt.
The neurons take note of whether our bodies are lacking sodium (钠), a main part of salt. Then, they send signals (信号) to our brain to encourage us to eat more salt, according to the Daily Mail.
How do these neurons work?
Scientists did experiments on mice. They found that when mice lack sodium, their body gives off a kind of hormone (荷尔蒙) called aldosterone (醛固酮). This hormone then makes these neurons become active.
More research showed that adding salt to meals makes people enjoy their food more, Time magazine reported. This may cause people to continue eating even if they are full.
Scientists from Deakin University in Australia asked healthy people to eat the same food for lunch for four weeks. The amount of salt in the food was changed each week. At the same time, the scientists measured how much these people ate. They also asked the people how they felt about the meals; for example, if they felt happy or were still hungry after eating.
The results showed that salt made people eat 11 percent more food and calories. When eating low-salt meals, they could control (控制) over how much they ate. “But when we add salt to that food, all of a sudden those controls are gone,” researcher Russell Keast said to Time.
【小题1】We may find it hard to stop eating potato chips mainly because ________.A.potato chips don’t have much sodium |
B.potato chips send hungry signals to our brain |
C.some neurons lead to a love for salty foods |
D.people’s brains will be more active with more salt |
A.mice also need salt | B.more salt makes people eat more |
C.not all people like salty food | D.people are not happy when they eat less |
A.People should eat more chips. | B.More salt should be taken in to stay healthy. |
C.Salt can make food more delicious. | D.Low-salt meals can help us stay healthy. |
A.a road map | B.a math report | C.a science magazine | D.a storybook |
We often think exercise can make us healthy.
What we eat is important.
Another helpful way to stay healthy is to be more active (活跃的) during the day.
A.Water is also important to us. |
B.That’s why we should stay away from junk food (垃圾食品). |
C.Finally, try to get enough sleep because our body needs rest at the end of each day. |
D.For example, cleaning the house could be just as good as exercise. |
E.However, there are many other ways to stay healthy. |
F.Listening to music can also make us relaxed. |
Teenagers believe anything is possible if they study hard. But they often forget to think about healthy diets, enough sleep time and exercise. In fact, these things are really important for them to keep fit.
It is important for teenagers to get enough energy. Teenage girls need about 2,200 calories a day while boys need a little more—doctors suggest 2,800 for teenage boys. 50% of their calories should come from healthy food-rice, vegetables and fruit. People often say an apple a day keeps the doctor away. Teenagers also need to drink a lot of water, 6 to 8 glasses a day. Drinking enough water will improve their skin.
Teenagers usually need eight to ten hours' sleep at night, but many Chinese teenagers do not get enough sleep. A report shows that without a good night's sleep, teenagers seem to be weaker than they should be. Too much homework is not the only reason why teenagers stay up late. Some watch TV or play computer games late into the night. Teenagers should develop good study habits. So some clever students never study late, but they are able to work well in class.
Exercise is something that can help them. Experts suggest that teenagers should spend at least 30 minutes exercising a day, five times a week. They will feel relaxed when they exercise. It can even help them sleep better at night
【小题1】How many things are important for teenagers to keep fit?A.2 | B.3 | C.4 | D.5 |
A.rice, vegetables and fruit | B.rice, vegetables and meat |
C.rice, vegetables and water | D.milk and meat |
A.sleeping better | B.basic energy |
C.necessary exercise | D.healthy food |
A.Boys need much more calories than girls. |
B.Teenagers need to drink 6 to 8 glasses of water a day. |
C.Some clever students never study late. |
D.They will feel relaxed when they exercise. |
Thanks to better health care, most people are living healthier and longer lives. Here are four rules for a healthy life.
Get off the sofa!
Sure, it is comfortable to sit on it, but doctors say you should get off it.
It is important to eat food that is fresh and natural, for example, fruit and vegetables. Fast food is not healthy. You should only have it once in a while.
Rest while you can!
Do not worry. Be happy!
Many people believe that it is important for our general health to be happy. Sometimes it is not easy to be a teenager because of the difficulties of school exams or friendships.
A.Keep a healthy habit! |
B.To keep fit, you have to walk at least 10,000 steps every day. |
C.When we were babies, we slept for much of the night. |
D.Eating too much of the wrong food will harm your health. |
E.Eat healthy food! |
F.It’s good to drink more fresh water. |
G.If you are nervous about something, talk to your parents or your teachers. |
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