Scientists are trying to make different robots to help humans. In May this year, scientists at Northwestern University showed a new kind of robot. They are just half a millimeter wide (一毫米宽). They are the world’s 【小题1】 (small) robots. And they look 【小题2】 crabs (螃蟹).

So how do these robots work? In fact, the scientists can warm them up with lasers (激光). By warming up different 【小题3】 (part) of the robots, the scientists can make them move in different ways. These robots can walk, turn, and even jump.

Right now the robots aren’t so 【小题4】 (use). All they can do is to move. Some think there is no need to study them, but the scientists 【小题5】 (agree). They believe these robots are helpful in creating much more small robots in the future. Also, one day these small robots will 【小题6】 (probable) work in very small spaces. Or maybe they can get into the human body to help with medical (医学的) problems. Nobody knows what 【小题7】 (happen) in the future.

Our cities are busy and full of people. But the cities are not smart enough. Wu Yuhang, 【小题1】 11-year-old student from Dongguan, Guangdong, thinks this is a problem. “Crossing the street can be 【小题2】 (danger). People cannot take their eyes off their phones.”

“Drivers cannot see traffic lights if 【小题3】 (they) cars are behind a big truck (卡车). I once saw a billboard (广告牌) fall off in a typhoon (台风).”

“That’s the most terrible,” said Wu. “I’m trying to find smart ways 【小题4】 (solve) these problems.”

Over the past few years, Wu 【小题5】 (invent) an assistant system (辅助系统) for traffic lights. It sets LED lights along the road so 【小题6】 drivers can see traffic lights more easily.

To make his inventions, Wu learned a lot, such 【小题7】 programming and building models. But Wu said the 【小题8】 (important) thing is to find people’s problems in their lives.

Wu has a bigger plan for his future—he’s looking forward to 【小题9】 (become) a chip (芯片) engineer. “China is still far behind many foreign 【小题10】 (country) in computer chips. And chips are important if we want to build smart cities.”

The human brain's power could compete with any machine. And now a group of scientists from across Europe are trying to build one using the world's most p【小题1】 computer.

Our brains have 100 billion neurons Each one performs billions of ‘calculations’ second   s【小题2】 to a desktop computer.

So the brain computer will need to be able to do a billion calculations.

Finding a way to power the supercomputer will be one of the Scientists' major challenges. They hope to c【小题3】 it within 12 years.

Group leader, Professor Henry Markram, said, “The billions of interconnected neurons make it hard for us to truly understand how the brain works. Simulating it will make it much e【小题4】 allowing us to operate and measure any aspect of the brain.”

The brain will be built in facility in Germany. It will have thousands of 3D images, so scientists can “fly” around different areas and w【小题5】 how they communicate with each other.

If the “brain” works, it will help scientists understand brain diseases such as Parkinson's, and know more about how we think and make d【小题6】.

There are concerns about the consequences of the computers which can think for themselves. But Professor Markram said “This is one of the t【小题7】 great challengers for humans. We need to understand earth, space and the brain. We need to understand what makes us human.”