Everything has a name. All people, places, and things have names. Jenny is the name of a student from the UK. The UK is the name of a country. Cities and towns have names, too. Schools also have names. Tomato, potato and carrot are names of vegetables. Apple, orange, and banana are names of fruit.
When we meet a new person, we usually ask, “What’s your name?” Most people have two names. Names are different all over the world. In Jenny’s class, Jenny must know the names of the students from all over the world. ①This is not easy because the names are different.
In the US, most people have a first name, a middle name and a last name. Parents choose the first and middle names for their babies. ②The last name is the family name. Usually it is the father’s family name. In a family, the mother, the father and the children usually have the same（相同的） last name.
Sometimes a person has a nickname, too. A ③nickname is a special name. It’s not a person’s real （真的） name. Abraham Lincoln’s nickname was “Honest Abe”, because he was honest and Abe is short for Abraham. Pele is a nickname of the football player, Edson Arantes do Nascimento. But everyone calls him Pele.
根据文章内容回答问题。
【小题1】Who/ What has a name?
【小题2】How many names do most people have?
【小题3】Who usually has the same last name in a family?
【小题4】Why was Abraham Lincoln’s nickname “Honest Abe”?
【小题5】找出①处划线单词” This “指代的内容。
【小题6】将文中②处划线句子译成汉语。
【小题7】结合上下文, 猜测③处划线单词“nickname”的汉语意思。
【小题8】给文章拟一个合适的标题。
Cats don’t seem very friendly. Unlike dogs, cats don’t often play with people. However, a new study shows that cats like people just as much as dogs.
US researchers（研究者）invited 117 cat owners to take a six-minute test. They walked into a new room with their pets. After two minutes, they left the room. After another two minutes, they came back. About two-thirds of the cats came to greet their owners right away when they came back. The cats then went back to looking around the room, but still came back to their owners now and then.
The cats saw their owners as a source of security（安全的来源）in a new place. In the same test, 58 percent of dogs acted just like the cats.
| Fun facts about cats 1. Cats spend 70 percent of their day sleeping. This means that a 9-year-old cat is awake for only three years. When awake, a cat will spend more than 30 percent of its time grooming（梳毛）itself. 2. Cats have good night vision（视力）. They need just one-sixth of the amount（数量）of light that people need to see at night. 3. To cats, the colors red, orange and brown all look the same. |
【小题2】The underlined word “they” refers to “
【小题3】Why did researchers do the test?
【小题4】What do cats do most of the time?
【小题5】Please translate the underlined sentence into Chinese.
Have you ever heard of Iceland? Iceland is a European country. It used to be one of the richest countries in the world. Its total area is 103,000 square kilometers. Summer in Iceland is very short, which lasts from June to August. Its winter starts from September and ends next May.
In 1980, Iceland started to develop its tourist industry. Forty-two years has passed since then. In summer, plenty of tourists from all over the world come here to have a visit. In winter, people in Iceland have to spend the long dark night. They usually have a lot of special activities, such as skating, riding snow motorbikes and having parties to have an exciting night.
Because of a long cold winter, Iceland has a short growing season. Food problem was always a headache for Iceland in the past. Now the problem is being solved.
Iceland—a | |
| Its total area | |
| When Iceland started to develop its tourist industry | |
| What people do to have an exciting night in winter | They |
| Why Iceland has a short growing season | Because of |
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