There is nothing worse than sitting next to someone and being able to smell their breakfast! In ancient China, people used to chew a special plant to make their breath smell better. Now, we use gum (口香糖) to make sure our breath doesn’t bother other people.
In fact, how your breath smells says a lot about your health. According to BBC News, scientists can now tell whether somebody has certain diseases just from a simple breath test. How does it work? Breath is made up of something known as “metabolites (代谢物)”. Metabolites are a kind of waste that the body makes. Scientists from the Swiss Federal Institute of Technology found that metabolites are unique (独特的) to each person’s breath. They are just like people’s fingerprints (指纹). That’s why scientists sometimes call them “breath prints (呼吸指纹)”, the Daily Mail reported.
Compared to other kinds of tests, a breath test is much quicker. It only takes a few minutes. Breath tests are also much easier to do. People don’t need a needle (针) or a container (容器) to hold body fluids (体液). They just need to blow into a special machine. This machine will help to test their breath. It has been useful in finding early signs of diseases, such as stomach cancer.
Scientists are doing further research on breath tests. They think that these tests could be used for athletes to see if they are cheating.
【小题1】What does the underlined word “bother” mean?| A．Make others happy. | B．Make others excited. |
| C．Make others upset. | D．Make others relaxed. |
| A．we have different metabolites in our breath | B．we get diseases from the things we eat |
| C．each of us has diseases | D．each of us has different fingerprints |
| A．It’s much cheaper to do a breath test than other tests. |
| B．A breath test can help doctors figure out why people are sick. |
| C．To do a breath test, people need to blow into a special machine. |
| D．Breath tests is often used to see if athletes are cheating. |
| A．How to take a breath test | B．Why does your breath smell bad? |
| C．What can your breath say about you? | D．How to make breakfast smell better. |
 | A. It is an old sport in the world. People play it with their feet in a team. There are two teams in a game. There are two teams in a game. There are 11 people in each team. The ball is always black and white. |
 | B. It is the national ball（国球）in China. Two or four people can play it. Each one has a bat in his hand. There is a net（网）in his hand. There is a net(网) in the middle of the court. It sounds like “ping-pong” when people play it. |
 | C. It comes from America. People play it with their hands. But you can't run with balls in your hands. There are 2 teams with 10 players on the court(场地). Yao Ming plays it well. He is my favorite star. |
 | D. It comes from Scotland. It means green grassland(草地), fresh air and relaxing time. People play it on a grassland with a stick（棍子）. The ball is always white. |
 | E. There is a net in the middle. People can play it on the beach(沙滩). There are 6 people in the team. They hit(击打) the ball with their arms and hands. |
Young people spending hours on screens means half the world may need glasses within 30 years.
Phone and computer screens are to blame (负责) for the rising risk of shortsightedness (近视) among children and young adults. High levels of looking at a phone is linked with (有关系) around a 30% higher risk of shortsightedness. But when it comes to excessive (过渡的) computer use, that risk rises to around 80 %, researchers are afraid that by 2050, half the world or five billion people could be short-sighted.
In 2019, the WHO suggested children under 2 should not have any screen time and children aged 2 to 5 should have one hour a day. But in the same year, a survey found children were spending about 23 hours a week on screens.
Luckily, this problem has caught people’s eyes. Some people buy glasses to stop the blue light, but it turns out to be a waste of money. It’s said that blue-blocking (防蓝光的) glasses have no special effect on sleep quality.
If you worry about your eyes or the ability to go to sleep on time, put screens away at bedtime. Read a book or find something else to do. While using screens, take a 20-second break every 20 minutes.
【小题1】What causes the rising risk of the shortsightedness?| A．Gasses. | B．The electronic screen. |
| C．Children. | D．Adults. |
| A．Two hours. | B．One hour. | C．Twenty-three hours. | D．Twenty minutes. |
| A．It’s better to avoid using phones. |
| B．We should have a good sleep to protect our eyes. |
| C．It’s harmful to our eyes to spend more time on screens. |
| D．We had better buy suitable glasses to protect our eyes. |
Sleeping Problem
How much sleep do we need? We are all different. Some people need only three hours of sleep a night. Others need ten hours of sleep a night. Most Americans sleep an average（平均值）of seven to eight hours a night. After the age of fifty, the average sleep time goes down to 6.5 hours a night.
Most people have a night off when they cannot sleep. About one in three Americans has a problem with sleep. Many of these people cannot fall sleep. This problem is called insomnia.
This is not a new problem. Many famous people in history have insomnia. Some of these people had special ideas to make them sleep. Benjamin Franklin, the famous statement（政治家）and inventor, had four beds. The King Louis XIV of France had 413 beds and hoped he could fall asleep in one of them. Mark Twain, the famous American writer, had a different way. He lay on his side across the end of the bed!
【小题1】Most American people need ________ hours of sleep a night.
| A．3 | B．10 | C．7-8 | D．5-6 |
| A．more | B．less | C．no | D．little |
| A．going to sleep easily | B．sleeping at daytime |
| C．the ways of sleep | D．not being able to go to sleep |
| A．was an old man | B．thought it was easy to go to sleep |
| C．was a famous writer | D．didn’t have much room to sleep in |
| A．sleep | B．insomnia | C．how to get to sleep | D．the famous person’s beds |
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