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Over the years I have been interested to read about studies into the power of touch. A study found that holding hands to comfort a loved one can actually reduce their pain. Through a process that’s not fully understood, if one of them is in pain, the pain appears to reduce.

I’ve seen this so many times when the husband or wife of a patient in discomfort reaches out and holds their hand, and as if by magic, in a few minutes they become less painful. Perhaps we shouldn’t be surprised, as we have known for many years about the importance of touch. It symbolizes safety and love.

The value of touch was proved by a series of experiments on monkeys back in the 1950s by Harry Harlow, an American scientist. His work showed the unbelievable drive for warmth and intimacy (亲密) that we all have. In his experiments, he gave young monkeys a choice between a “mother” made of wire mesh (铁丝网) that had a ready supply of milk and the other a warm, soft mother that did not provide any food. They chose, to everyone’s surprise, the comfort over food. This was unexpected because it had always been thought that food was the main motivator (动力) for living creatures. Yet this appeared to show that it was not food, but being comforted and intimate, that was the most important thing. He described these experiments as a study of love and they showed for the first time how important the feeling of being loved is to us. And his idea has been supported by countless further scientific studies.

Personally I find this so comforting. For me, this really speaks of the power of love.

【小题1】According to the writer and studies, ________.
A.touch can treat illnessesB.touch by anyone can reduce pain
C.touch by a loved one can reduce painD.we’ve known why touch can reduce pain
【小题2】What can we learn from Harry Harlow’s experiments?
A.Monkeys were not interested in milk at all.
B.Monkeys were different from other living creatures.
C.Monkeys liked being comforted and intimate as well.
D.Monkeys were afraid of the “mother” made of wire mesh.
【小题3】How did people feel about the result of the experiments in the 1950s?
A.Disappointed.B.Satisfied.C.Interested.D.Unbelievable.
【小题4】What can be the best title for the passage?
A.The latest study.B.Ways to comfort.C.The power of touch.D.A funny experiment.
2023·浙江嘉兴·一模
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Sometimes young people have problems at home just because there is no dialogue—children don’t talk, parents don’t talk and conflicts(冲突) broke out when you least expect them…

Clothes seem to be one of the causes of these conflicts. Either you want to buy too expensive ones, or you look like a homeless person—parents want you to dress smartly and seldom understand your style. Some other times it’s your behavior that makes your parents unhappy.

In Britain today, more and more young people want to be independent and leave home between the age of 16 and 20. Some are students; others run away to avoid their homes which are overcrowded and unhappy. They go in search of work or of a more exciting life.

We asked Phil Tillinghurst, 17 years old, to examine his life, the good and the bad things about being his age.

He said, “I don’t know whether this is the best time of my life because I still have got the rest of it to go, but until now it’s been good. Having said that it’s also one of the most difficult times because you already have to take important decisions about what you are going to do, what subjects you want to specialize in, what career… That’s why this is the time for trying out the different things that you think you may like, so that you can find out what you are best at for the future. You also have the chance of being almost an adult but still getting away with being young. Your parents don’t treat you like a child. they trust you more… I know that parents are only worried about what’s happening to you, but sometimes they really worry too much… I get on OK with my parents. A lot of people think that boys have more freedom than girls, but in fact I know some girls that have more freedom than I do. I have many friends and their parents are stricter than mine. They have to be back at a certain time and there’s no ‘but…’ about it. I have no major problems, though money is always a problem. Everyone is always running out of money these days, but that’s about it.

【小题1】Why do young people have problems with their parents?
A.They talk too much at home.B.They dress in their own way.
C.They act just like their parents.D.They hope to go out to work.
【小题2】What did Phil think of his life?
A.So far so good.B.Much too difficult.
C.Worse than before.D.The best and happiest.
【小题3】What is the important thing at this age according to Phil?
A.Being treated like a child.B.Having a lot to worry about.
C.Preparing for the future.D.Finding ways to get money.

In Helping Others, You Help Yourself

Amanda paid attention to a lonely girl for quite a lot of time. She was named Emily. Amanda shared a physics class with Emily, where Emily always sat in the back on her own. Amanda wondered if Emily needed a friend.

One day, Amanda found a chance to speak with Emily after class. Emily seemed surprised at being talked with. But she gave Amanda a shy smile as Amanda introduced herself and started a conversation.

Emily answered Amanda’s questions with such detail that Amanda was left with the thought that Emily wanted to make new friends very much.

Emily was new to the town. She had no relatives or friends here. So Amanda told her that she would provide introductions for her friends.

A few days later in the lunchroom, Amanda found Emily sitting at her regular place. But this time she was smiling in her direction. Amanda waved her hands, inviting Emily to join them. Emily looked nervous, but she took her plate and walked ahead. Amanda introduced Emily to the other girls sitting at the table. And everyone welcomed Emily and included her in the conversation at once. Emily gave Amanda a grateful smile, and Amanda was glad that she had taken time to know Emily.

Helping others not only means giving other people happiness, but also giving you a chance to know more about others.

【小题1】What class did Amanda share with Emily?
A.ChineseB.PhysicsC.HistoryD.Chemistry
【小题2】How did Emily feel when Amanda talked with her one day?
A.SurprisedB.ExcitedC.NervousD.Angry
【小题3】Why did Amanda introduce friends to Emily?
A.Because Emily hated making friends with others.
B.Because Emily wanted to have dinner with them.
C.Because Emily had no relatives or friends in the town.
D.Because Emily wanted to share physics classes with others.

Recently, several unhappy things happened to Gina. One afternoon she called a friend to talk about them. After hearing her words, the friend invited her to her home for tea and said, “All trouble will disappear after tasting tea.”

Gina couldn’t believe her, but she still decided to go for relaxation. At the friend’s home, her friend took out a square box and said, “I asked someone to buy the tea from China. It’s said that there are five tastes.” Then, her friend opened the box slowly, took out a spoon of tea carefully, put it into a teapot(茶壶) gingerly, and then poured in boiled water softly.

Only one minute later, the friend poured out a cup of tea and asked Gina to taste it. Gina drank it but nearly puked(吐) it out. She shouted, “Is this tea? It tastes like medicine!”

The friend just smiled. She re-poured boiled water into the teapot. After a minute, the friend poured out another cup and asked Gina to try the second one. Gina took a drink and found it was not as terrible as the first one but still bitter(苦的). This time she didn’t shout. When Gina drank the fifth cup, a sunny smile shone on her face. She said, “It tastes good! I’ve never tasted such a wonderful flavor(味道).”

The friend said, “Life is just like this! Only when we taste it patiently can we feel happy.”

【小题1】When did Gina call her friend?
A.One morning.B.One afternoon.C.One evening.D.One night.
【小题2】Where did Gina’s friend invite her to drink tea?
A.At Gina’s home.B.In a coffee shop.
C.At the friend’s home.D.In a teahouse.
【小题3】In Paragraph 2, “gingerly” means ________.
A.carefullyB.suddenlyC.heavilyD.carelessly
【小题4】The first cup of tea is ________, and the fifth one is ________.
A.terrible; wonderfulB.wonderful; terrible
C.terrible; terribleD.wonderful; wonderful
【小题5】Gina’s friend wanted to tell her ________.
A.life is bitter, just like a cup of tea
B.life is good, just like a cup of tea
C.life is bitter or good, just like a cup of tea
D.life is bitter and good, just like cups of tea

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