In the state of Qin, there was a man called Shang Yang. He was a statesman (政治家) and worked out many reforms (改革), like focusing (关注) on farming and giving rewards (奖励) to soldiers who were successful at war. But this reforms were not easily carried out at first. Most people didn’t trust Shang.
To solve this problem, Shang came up with an idea. He put a thin wooden pole (杆子) at the south gate of the capital of Qin. Many people came to see him.
Then, in front of the crowd, he said loudly: “Anyone who can move the pole to the north gate will get 10 gold pieces.”
It was a simple job and the reward was large. However, some time passed and no one stepped forward. They all thought Shang was joking.
Hearing no answer, Shang stepped forward and said, “The reward now goes to 50 gold pieces.”
This offer was unbelievable. Finally, a man from the crowd came forward. He put the pole on his shoulders and walked to the north gate. True to his word, Shang gave the man 50 gold pieces.
After that, the people of Qin were all talking about what Shang did at the south gate. They believed he was a man of his word. So when Shang began carrying out his reforms, the people followed him. Under these great reforms, Qin grew strong and unified all the states, becoming the first empire of China.
Credibility (诚信) is very important for everyone. It will help people believe what they say and respect them.
【小题1】What did Shang Yang’s reforms focus on?A.Farming. |
B.Giving rewards to soldiers though they were not successful. |
C.How to carry them out. |
D.How to make people trust him. |
A.He needed the pole to be at the north gate. |
B.He wanted people to know he could keep his promises. |
C.He wanted to teach people a valuable lesson. |
D.He was going to introduce his reforms at the north gate. |
A.统一标准 | B.统一 | C.多重标准 | D.分裂 |
A.Money talks. | B.Reforms are important. |
C.Keeping promises can earn people’s trust. | D.Earning people’s trust is never easy. |
A.Travel. | B.Sports. | C.People. | D.Music. |
But some people didn’t believe a little boy could write such beautiful music. They asked him to stay in a room all by himself for a week and somebody watched the room all the time . In a week , he finished a new piece of music . After that, people believed that he could write beautiful music.
Mozart died when he was still a young man. During his short life he studied music and taught music and played music and wrote music. Even by working so hard, he couldn’t make much money . Often he had to borrow money from his friends. But his music made him happy and for more than two hundred years his music has made other people happy, too.
【小题1】When he was , Mozart took music lessons with his sisters.
A.three | B.five | C.young | D.old |
A.very old | B.long time | C.a long life | D.a short life |
A.hard | B.rich | C.happy | D.poor |
A.both him and other people | B.only him |
C.other people | D.nobody |
Who is the greatest teacher in Chinese history? Many people would think of Confucius, whose birthday was September 28. Although he lived over 2,000 years ago, people still remember and respect him for his contribution to the education today.
Confucius lived in the Kingdom of Lu, which lies in Shandong Province. He lived during the Spring and Autumn Period. He had a hard childhood. His father died when he was only 3. His mother brought him up. As a child, he had to work to help his mother, but young Confucius didn’t give up studying. He visited many famous teachers and learned music, history, poetry and sports.
Later, he became a teacher and started the first public school in Chinese history. At that time only children from noble families could go to school, but Confucius believed everyone, including the poor ones, should go to school if they wanted to study. He had about 3,000 students in his lifetime.
Today, people still follow Confucius’ lessons. He told us that we all have something worthy to be learned. “When I am with three people, one of them must be better than me in some areas. I choose their good qualities and follow them.”
He also taught us that thinking is very important in study. “All study but no thinking makes people puzzled (困惑的). All thinking but no study makes people lazy.”
Confucius is not only a great teacher, but also a famous thinker with wise thoughts about the world and society. His most important teachings are about kindness and good manners. “A person should be strict with himself, but be kind to others.” he said.
【小题1】Confucius learned music, history, poetry and sports ________ as a child.A.by teaching himself at home | B.with the help of his mother |
C.by going to school | D.by visiting many famous teachers |
A.children | B.requests | C.wealth | D.advantages |
① He worked to help his mother as a child.
② He educated about 3,000 students in his lifetime.
③ His father died.
④ He started the first public school in Chinese history.
A.③①④② | B.①③②④ | C.③①②④ | D.①③④② |
A.How happy we are, to have friends coming from afar. |
B.A person should be strict with himself, but be kind to others. |
C.All study but no thinking makes people puzzled. |
D.When I am with three people, one of them must be better than me in some areas. |
Children’s Games shows a busy street scene in a town long ago. The street is a wide and open space. There are no cars, so there is plenty of room to play. There are about two hundred children in the painting. Some play in groups and others play alone. They seem to be enjoying their freedom in the fresh air and their games. Some of the games are still played today.
The games in the painting do not require children to spend money on extra materials(材料). Instead, they use simple everyday objects like hats and sticks. A game might need a rope, some chalk, a hoop, a spinning top, or even a barrel. Some games are played without any toys at all. For example, one scene in the painting shows children turning somersaults(翻筋斗) inside the fence.
Even though Pieter Bruegel lived a long time ago, children today can learn an important lesson from what he painted. The painting shows us how little we need in order to enjoy ourselves. All children really need is one another. It’s not the toys or games that are found in the stores that create fun. Using our imagination can do this for us.
【小题1】The painting shows about ______ games.
A.500 | B.200 | C.80 | D.60 |
A.in the street | B.in the house | C.on the grass | D.at the school |
A.children today need to take more lessons |
B.children can create fun by using imagination |
C.children need more toys to enjoy themselves |
D.children spend much money on everyday objects |
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