Do you know the numbers 0—9 well? They are numbers in Arabic numbers. People use them to mark numbers now. But it’s not the only number system that people use.
About 2,500 years ago, people in Rome used their hands to count. In Roman numerals, one finger means 1, two fingers means 2, three fingers means 3, four fingers means 4. If you want to say five, you can keep your four fingers close on one side and your thumb on the other side. Make each of your hands be five, then you’ll have ten. So in Rome, the numbers are “I, Ⅱ, Ⅲ, IV, V, VI, VⅡ, VⅢ, IX, X”. Also, “L” means fifty, “C”means one hundred. “D” means five hundred and “M”means one thousand. But there is no zero in Roman numerals. Today, few people use them because they are difficult to write and count. But we can still see them on some watches and clocks.
Today, most people use the Arabic numerals. They are easy to remember and write. They help people to count things every day. In fact, Indians first created and used the Arabic numerals. In the late 8th century, people in Arabic countries learned about them. Then the Arabic people took them into Europe. So people in Europe called them Arabic numerals. Today, people around the world use Arabic numerals and they help a lot.
【小题1】Which of the following means five in Roman numerals?A.5. | B.IV. | C.V. | D.X. |
A.Arabic numerals. | B.Watches and clocks. |
C.Zero. | D.Roman numerals. |
A.People in Rome didn’t use them. |
B.Arabic people taught the Indians about them. |
C.Only Arabic people use them today. |
D.“0” means “zero” in Arabic numerals. |
A.Because they are not easy to write and count. |
B.Because there are no Romans any more. |
C.Because the numbers look stupid. |
D.Because they are hard to remember. |
a. Arabic people learned about Arabic numerals.
b. Indians created Arabic numerals.
c. Arabic people took Arabic numerals into Europe.
d. People all over the world use Arabic numerals.
A.b-c-a-d | B.b-a-c-d | C.d-b-a-c | D.d-c-b-a |
We know the mosquitoes very well because they fly everywhere. They can be found almost all over the world, and there are more than 2,500 kinds of them.
No one likes the mosquito. But the mosquito may decide that she loves you. She? Yes, she. It’s true that the male (雄性的) mosquito doesn’t bite (咬) and only the female (雌性的) mosquito bites because she needs blood to lay eggs. She is always looking for things or people she wants to bite. If she likes what she finds, she bites. But if she doesn’t like your blood, she will turn to someone else for more delicious blood. Next time a mosquito bites you, just remember you are chosen. You’re different from the others!
If the mosquito likes you, she lands on your body without letting you know. She bites you so quickly and quietly that you may not feel anything different. After she bites, you will have an itch (痒) on your body because she puts something from her mouth together with your blood. By the time the itching begins, she has flown away.
And then what happens? Well, after her delicious dinner, the mosquito feels tired. She just wants to find a place to have a good rest. There, on a leaf or a wall, she begins to lay eggs, hundreds of eggs.
【小题1】“Mosquito” means ________ in Chinese.A.苍蝇 | B.蜻蜓 | C.蚊子 |
A.they can be found easily |
B.they fly here and there |
C.there are many kinds of them |
A.get angry with you | B.be afraid of you | C.choose another one |
A.too quickly to let you know |
B.when you’re asleep |
C.but doesn’t like you |
A.The itching begins after the mosquito bites you. |
B.All mosquitoes like to bite people for blood. |
C.Mosquitoes use blood to lay eggs. |
The Olympic Games have a long history. In 776 BC. ancient Greece(古希腊) held the first ancient Olympics. But what the winners received at that time was not medals like today. The winners got olive wreaths(橄榄枝花环).
There weren’t medals until the list modern Olympic Games started in Athens. Greece, in 1896. But at that time there were no gold medals. The winners only got silver(银的) medals; the second place winners got bronze(铜的) medals. And it’s a pity that the third one got nothing.
But things changed in the next Summer Olympics in 1900. Most winners didn’t get medals, but cups or works of art. Only a few winners got medals and their shapes were rectangles. In the 1904 Summer Olympics, the first, second and third place winners got gold, silver and bronze medals respectively(分别地).
Usually Olympic gold medals aren’t solid gold. But they mean much more than gold, so all players dream of getting them.
【小题1】The first ancient Olympic Games were held in___________.A.776 BC | B.1896 | C.1900 | D.1904 |
A.olive wreaths | B.cups or art works | C.medals | D.nothing |
A.There were only gold medals in ancient Olympics. |
B.The winners got silver medals in the 1896 Olympics. |
C.The Olympic Games were held every two years at first. |
D.There weren’t Sumner Olympic Games at the beginning. |
A.Olympic Games. | B.Solid gold. | C.Gold medals. | D.All medals. |
A.The history of the Olympic medals. | B.The history of the Olympic Games. |
C.The winners in modern Olympic Games. | D.The materials(材料) of modern Olympic medals. |
The epidemic(疫情)has changed our lives. It not only forces us to stay at home, but also changes the way we work, study, and even go shopping. In many countries, the COVID-19 has also changed the way people greet each other. To stop the spread of disease, people give up their usual greeting styles and invent safe ways. Let’s take a look!
Lean forward, touch cheeks and make a kissing sound. This is French people’s favorite way of greeting. It’s very romantic(浪漫的). But when facing the virus, kisses are not good. The expert Philippe Lichtfus gives people a suggestion: simply looking into a person’s eyes can be a greeting. It’s not so romantic but it’s safe.
Like the French, Italians are also romantic people. When they meet, they always hug or kiss each other. Recently, an Italian grandma made a video to help everyone fight against the disease. She says that if you meet, you can close one of your eyes and give them a wink. Isn’t it cute?
It’s a very Australian thing to shake hands. But if you do this, the virus can jump from one person to another. Now a health official in Australia says a pat on the back would be better. But it also has some problems. For example, it’s a bit crude if you do this to your teachers.
A video shows that an interesting greeting way is now popular in Iran. In the video, 3 Iranians meet and tap their feet against each other. They wear masks with their hands in their pockets. It looks like they are playing a fun game. If we can’t shake hands, why not try to “shake” feet?
【小题1】Why do people give up their usual greeting styles nowadays?A.To make life more interesting. |
B.To change their study way. |
C.To protect themselves from the disease. |
D.To invent some new things. |
A.Tapping feet. | B.Touching cheeks and making a kissing sound. |
C.Patting on the back. | D.Shaking hands. |
A.Unlucky. | B.Unhappy. | C.Impatient. | D.Impolite. |
A.Iran. | B.France. | C.Australia. | D.Italy. |
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