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Why is it called Mars(火星)? Well, Mars is the name of the Roman god of war(罗马战神). People see the planet(星球)as a symbol of war for thousands of years. It is also known as the Red Planet because of its color. It is red because it’s rich in iron(铁). Chinese people called it the “fire star” for the same reason.

Scientists was interested in the planet. They first saw Mars in the sky more than 4, 000 years ago. Then, people from all over the world studied the planet. About 200 years ago, scientists started to study pieces of Mars. They broke away and drifted(漂流)through space for millions of years before they got to Earth.

Scientists have learned some things about Mars. For example, Mars is home to a 21-kilometer-tall mountain—the tallest in our solar system(太阳系). However, Qomolangma, Earth’s highest mountain, is just 9 kilometers tall. Like Earth, Mars has moons. It has two moons named Phobos and Deimos. The Red Planet also has the largest dust storms(沙尘暴)in the solar system. And they can last for months.

Earth is 10 times heavier than Mars. So The Red Planet’s gravity(重力)is only 37 percent as strong as Earth’s, meaning you can jump nearly two times higher on Mars. For the same reason, you are two times heavier on Earth than on Mars.

【小题1】Why does Mars get the name “fire star”?
A.Because it is red.B.Because it is rich in iron.C.Because it is the symbol of war.
【小题2】When did scientists see Mars for the first time?
A.Millions of years ago.B.Over 4, 000 years ago.C.More than 200 years ago.
【小题3】What does the underlined word “They” refer to in paragraph 2?
A.Scientists.B.Pieces of Mars.C.Stars.
【小题4】We can know ________ about Mars in paragraph 3.
A.the colorB.the weatherC.the size
【小题5】What can we infer(推断)from the last paragraph?
A.Mars has stronger gravity than Earth.
B.People are heavier on Mars than on Earth.
C.People can jump higher on Mars than on Earth.
22-23八年级上·湖南长沙·阶段练习
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The world got a glimpse(一瞥)of one of the greatest mysteries of our universe(宇宙)on April 10. That's when the first image of a black hole was shown to the public. The picture was created by a network of eight radio telescopes(射电望远镜).

We have seen what we thought was unseeable ,"says Shep Doeleman. He led the effort to create the image.

The black hole is at the center of galaxy(星系)named Messier 87,some 55 million light-years from the earth,and is 6.5 billion times the mass of the sun.

The image shows the gas,dust,and stars that move around the black hole before disappearing into it. It does not truly show the black hole,because not even light can escape its gravity. Black holes, like vacuums, suck(吸)in everything that gets too close.


根据短文内容,选择最佳答案。
【小题1】In paragraph 1,the underlined word “image" probably means___________.
A.truthB.factC.pictureD.information
【小题2】In paragraph 2,the underlined sentence means seeing the black hole___________.
A.was expected beforeB.was unexpected before
C.is commonD.is impossible
【小题3】The black hole lies___________ the Messier 87 galaxy.
A.in the middle ofB.in the front of
C.at the back ofD.on the top of
【小题4】What will probably happen if a spaceship gets close to the black hole?
A.It will fly around it.
B.It will be covered by the dust.
C.It will be sucked in.
D.It will be discovered.
【小题5】What's the best title(标题)for this passage?
A.The Black Hole and its GravityB.First Look at the Black Hole
C.The Mystery of the UniverseD.Faraway Galaxy

①Most people have a place to call home on Earth. What about in outer space? The International Space Station(ISS) became our first “home” in space in 2000. It welcomed its first crew(队) that year, paving the way(铺平道路) for 20 years of future research.

②“You just have this impression that we’re all citizens(公民) of not a country, but of the planet,” former NASA astronaut Scott Kelly told National Geographic about working in ISS. “We’re all in this thing called humanity(人类) together.”

③Over the past 20 years, the ISS has mainly been used as a science lab, hosting 241 people from 19 countries, according to NASA. They have gone on spacewalks, done research on how space affects the human body, and even grown plants in space.

▲ . For example, the station’s water purification(净化) technology has been used in poor areas to provide clean drinking water. The station also helps to warn us of natural disasters(灾难), such as earthquakes.

⑤However, after being our home in space for over 7,000 days, the station is starting to get old. It has leaked(泄漏) air a few times. Scientists think that the station can keep working until 2024. After that, scientists will bring it down to Earth. It is believed that Earth’s atmosphere(大气) will burn up most of the station. Other debris(残骸) will fall into the Pacific Ocean.

⑥In the future, space will be home to more stations like the ISS. NASA is building a space station that is smaller than the ISS near the moon. Also, China will have its own space station up in 2022.

【小题1】What did Scott Kelly feel about his work in space?
A.ComfortableB.ProudC.BoredD.Lonely
【小题2】The astronauts have _______ while working in ISS.

(a. gone on spacewalks        b. provide clean water for poor areas       c. stopped earthquakes       

d. learned how space affects the human body            e. grown plants )

A.abcB.abdC.adeD.bde
【小题3】Which of the following sentences can be put in the .
A.We don’t know why we call the ISS our first “home”.
B.The station has also done something good to us on earth.
C.You want to know who has visited the ISS over the years.
D.People may wonder how scientists live on the station.
【小题4】If we put the passage into three parts, which of the following is the best?
(Para. 1=① Para. 2= ② Para. 3=④ Para. 4=④ Para. 5=⑤ Para. 6=⑥)
A.①;②③④⑤;⑥B.①;②③④;⑤⑥
C.①②;③④;⑤⑥D.①②;③④⑤;⑥

The idea of life in outer space has been talked about for a long time. Some scientists say that life development on Earth was far too unlikely for it to have happened anywhere else. Things had to be perfect for us to make it on this planet.

Other scientists say that space is too big. Stars and other planets are far too numerous for there to be no other life in the universe.

For many years, there have been reports of visitors from other planets. People all around the world have claimed to see alien spaceships or even aliens themselves.

There have been glimpses of these so-called UFOs (unidentified flying objects) flying through the air and they have even ben captured on video. Some Americans believe that the U.S. Army found an alien spaceship crashed in the desert and then lied to the press about it. Although these sightings may be true, scientists have not found significant evidence that aliens exist.

If you go out into the countryside on a clear night and look up, you can see thousands of stars. Those stars make up a tiny part of our universe. There are more stars, planets, and galaxies than we can count. Even the smartest scientists can’t even come close to defining how big space is. The number of possible stars and planets out there is bigger than our ability to count. If we are really on the only planet that can sustain life, then we are very special in a universe full of amazing things.

【小题1】What have some people claimed about aliens?
A.Aliens often appear in dreams.B.They have encountered aliens.
C.Aliens are extremely dangerous.D.Aliens are always kidnapping people.
【小题2】Why does the author mention “reports of visitors from other planets”?
A.To give an example of people who do not believe in science.
B.To explain why scientists are not interested in studying aliens.
C.To raise the issue of whether or not we are alone in the universe.
D.To inform people that a spaceship crashed in the American desert.
【小题3】What can be inferred about finding aliens?
A.It’s not possible yet.B.It’s already been done.
C.Aliens can be found in the USA.D.Scientists already know the truth.
【小题4】What would be the best title for this passage?
A.Visitors from Faraway PlanetsB.The Life and Times of an Alien Life
C.The Mysterious Crash Landing in AmericaD.The Possibility of Life on Other Worlds
【小题5】What is the genre of the article?
A.Narration.B.Exposition.C.Argumentation.D.Description

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