Hundreds of years ago, life was harder than it is today. People didn’t have modern machines. There was no modern medicine, either.
Life today has brought new problems. One of the biggest is pollution. Water pollution has made our rivers and lakes dirty. It kills our fish and pollutes our drinking water. Noise pollution makes us talk louder and become angry more easily. Air pollution is the most serious kind of pollution to all living things in the world.
Cars, planes and factories all pollute our air every day. Sometimes the polluted air is so thick that it is like a quilt (被状物) over a city. This kind of quilt is called smog.
Many countries are making rules to fight pollution. Factories must clean their water now before it is thrown away and they mustn’t let dirty smoke go into the air.
We need to do many other things. We can put waste things in the dustbin and not throw them on the ground. We can go to work by bus or with our friends in the same car. If there are fewer people driving, there will be less pollution.
Rules are not enough. Every person must help to fight pollution.
【小题1】The most serious kind of pollution is ________.| A．noise pollution | B．air pollution |
| C．water pollution | D．A, B and C |
| A．before they are thrown away |
| B．when they are thrown away |
| C．after it is thrown away |
| D．before it is thrown away |
| A．a few years ago, there was no smog at all |
| B．today people don’t have to talk to each other loudly |
| C．we can drink water from the polluted rivers and lakes |
| D．people are making rules in order to (为了) fight pollution |
| A.Recycle Paper We should collect waste paper and recycle it. For example, students should send their used exercise books to a recycling station instead of throwing them away. Then the used books can be recycled. B. Stop Cutting The government should make laws to stop people from cutting down trees and protect the farmland. And we should plant more trees instead of cutting them down. C. Sort Rubbish Throwing rubbish everywhere will pollute the environment. It’s important for us to sort different kinds of rubbish and put them into different dustbins. D. Keep Quiet Turn down the machine and close the windows while listening to music. Besides, don’t make noise when other people are sleeping or taking a rest. E. Wear Breathing Masks Wear a breathing mask when we are doing exercise outside. Stop doing exercise in foggy days, or it may do harm to our lungs. F. Clean up Help clean up water-filled areas including beaches, lakes and rivers. Make sure it is safe to collect the litter. G. Reuse Waste Reuse the used clothes, household goods and tools. They can be repaired and changed with your creative mind. |
“When the rubbish is collected and the codes are seen，I will get reward points to exchange for small gifts and even some money，” one of the local people told reporters.“It's really creative and encouraging.”
This smart system has been carried out in 350 communities in Beijing.The capital of China has joined a list of cities in the country that take action to support rubbish sorting.For example，Shenzhen and Shanghai have made laws to punish people and organizations for not sorting rubbish correctly.
China produces quite a lot of rubbish every year.Much of the rubbish is buried(填埋) in soil or burned without being sorted.Landfills(填埋场) take up a lot of land and have a risk of polluting the soil and water nearby.And burning rubbish can produce harmful gases.Through rubbish sorting，we can reduce the use of landfills and air pollution.
What's more，rubbish sorting saves resources，which could bring economic benefits(经济利益)．For example，a ton of waste paper can be reused to make about 850 kg of paper，saving 17 trees and 50 percent of water.Because of their benefits，some countries have developed successful sorting systems.
Japan has a strict and detailed system.When people throw away a water bottle，the cap，the wrapper(包装纸) and the bottle itself have to go into three different bins.Every year，families receive special rubbish sorting timetables and directions from their local governments.They are advised to follow the timetables and directions when they throw away rubbish.
In Australia，every family is provided with three rubbish bins—the red lid(盖子) bin for “general waste” like food and plastic bags，the yellow lid bin for “recycling” like steel and glass，and the green lid bin for “green waste” such as grass and leaves.On the streets，the bins are printed with pictures of the things that are allowed inside.It makes recycling quite easy.
【小题1】What will local people probably get if they put daily rubbish into the new system in Fangchengyuan Community?
| A．A computer. | B．Some small gifts. |
| C．A lot of money. | |
| A．Polluting soil. | B．Polluting water. |
| C．Saving resources. | |
| A．Paragraph 3. | B．Paragraph 4. | C．Paragraph 5. |
| A．The red lid bin. | B．The yellow lid bin. |
| C．The green lid bin. | |
| A．In Australia，the green lid bin is used for all kinds of recyclable wastes. |
| B．In Japan，all kinds of things for recycling are printed on rubbish bins. |
| C．Japanese people cannot throw a bottle into a bin unless they move away the wrapper first. |
Scientists said many years ago that the Earth was getting warmer and warmer. Now they find something new in cities! In the US, they find that some cities become very hot in summer. For example, the temperature at the top of many buildings goes up to 50℃ when it is 27℃ in the streets!
China also has the same kind of problem. Every year people build factories or houses on fields. When people become richer, they buy more cars. And then people need more new roads. This all makes cities hotter.
It isn’t easy to stop these. So people are thinking about other ways. Some city planners (规划者) think we should plant more trees on both sides of roads because trees make the temperature lower. So we should have more trees in our parks and squares. We should also paint the outside of buildings white. If we do this, they do not become so hot.
But people are still cutting down forests. This makes the problem worse. If we go on like this, we can’t live on Earth anymore.
【小题1】What do scientists find now?| A．More cities become hot. | B．The Earth is getting warmer. |
| C．There are more new cities. | D．Cities are getting hotter. |
| A．There are more factories in China. | B．Cities in China also become hot. |
| C．Cities in China are the hottest in the world. | D．People in China like building new roads. |
| A．plant more trees | B．buy fewer cars |
| C．paint the buildings | D．build fewer houses |
| A．people being richer | B．there being more trees in cities |
| C．people still cutting down forests | D．there being more cities |
| A．It isn’t easy to live in cities. | B．We should save the Earth. |
| C．All cities have some problems. | D．Cities are getting worse. |
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