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It is a common experience: You’re checking through a social media page, and you see pictures of friends traveling or going to parties. Suddenly you start to wonder why you are not doing those things. Are you missing out on something fun or exciting? This experience is known as FOMO—the fear of missing out. In some ways, people have always been worried about missing out on social events. But with the rise of social media, FOMO is becoming much more common.

While wanting to take part in exciting things is completely normal, it can bring about some negative (负面的) effects. For some people, it leads to an obsession (沉迷) with checking their phones to find out what other people are doing. Even while doing things that are fun or necessary, people can feel like there’s something better going on elsewhere. This strong wish to connect can make them disconnect from the people they are actually with. It stops them from being satisfied with the good things in their lives. It can even be dangerous; some people try to check messages while driving.

So what can we do to overcome FOMO? Firstly, it is important to remember that what people prefer to pick and choose to post on social media doesn’t necessarily show their life overall, so we only know a small part of anyone else’s life. It is also important to accept your limitations. You can’t be everywhere and do everything that might be interesting, and that’s OK. It might even be necessary to turn off your phone or log out of social media for a while. Stay away from the constant reminders of everything that’s happening in the world. You can even set particular times in your day to check email or social media. By stepping away for a time, you can view others’ lives in a reasonable way. Finally, focus on the things in front of you. Relish them, do them well and let everything else go. When you are fully involved in life, you will worry less about what you are not doing.

Don’t let the fear of missing out cause you to miss out on the good things you have in life. Relax, enjoy what you do and let other people enjoy their lives without envying (羡慕,嫉妒) them.

【小题1】Experiencing FOMO, people may ________.
A.like to drive fastB.miss out on social events
C.prefer to stay aloneD.be unsatisfied with real life
【小题2】What does the underlined word “relish” probably mean?
A.Break.B.Change.C.Enjoy.D.Remember.
【小题3】According to the passage, what can help people overcome FOMO?
A.Breaking their own limitations.
B.Staying away from social media.
C.Making friends as many as possible.
D.Checking social media at particular times.
21-22九年级上·北京房山·期末
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Mind Maps
Mind maps are a great way of showing a picture of information that you need to learn. You can use mind maps for all kinds of learning. They work very well for vocabulary when you are learning a new language.
1 Draw a circle in the middle of the page and write the vocabulary subject in the middle. For example:
transport
2 Brainstorm some word groups for ‘transport’ and think of headings for each one. For example:
sea transport
land transport
air transport
For each one, draw a short line from the centre circle outwards. Add another circle and write the new group word in the middle.
3 Look at each group and try to add more groups. For example, in ‘land transport’ there are two sub-groups;
●road
●rail
Draw two more lines, add two more circles and write the two new headings inside them.
4 When you can’t make any new groups, add a line for each word you know. Write the words along the lines or, if you have space, write them inside more circles.
5 As you learn new vocabulary, add it to the mind map.
6 To make the mind maps even better, use colour to show important ideas or parts of the map.


【小题1】The instructions above mainly show us __________.
A.what mind maps areB.how to draw mind maps
C.what mind maps can doD.how to make mind maps better
【小题2】What can we learn about mind maps?
A.Mind maps are usually started with a line.
B.Mind maps should be simple, with no colour.
C.A mind map is only used for language learning.
D.A mind map is a picture with useful information.
【小题3】Which of the following shows the right order of making a mind map?
a. Draw a circle in the middle of the page.
b. Add new circles and write the group words ‘sea’, ‘land’ and ‘air’ in them.
c. Write ‘transport’ in the middle of the circle.
d. Brainstorm some word groups for ‘transport’.
A.a-c-d-b.B.a-d-c-bC.d-a-c-b.D.d-a-b-c.

Imagine being a business that regularly takes high quantities of your own products worth millions of pounds and burns them up. Your stock(库存)literally goes up in smoke. It sounds crazy, but the practice is common for some of the world’s biggest clothing manufacturers. They argue that it is the most cost-effective way of maintaining their brand’s exclusivity(独特性).

The clothes that are burned are those that do not sell at a high enough price. Rather than watch them go on sale, the companies would set fire to them and regain a small amount of energy.

Nobody knows exactly how much unsold stock is burnt annually by those fashion houses, but burning clothes has various negative impacts on the environment. For example, burning clothes made from artificial fibers may release plastic microfibers into the atmosphere, which worsens global warming. A UK parliamentary committee report on sustainability and the fashion industry advises the government to ban the burning of unsold stock if it can be reused or recycled.

Actually, there are other approaches. What if those companies had a section tasked with taking back unsold clothes, redesigning them into new products, and shipping out the new products to the market once again?

There is also now an opportunity to focus on biodegradable(可生物降解的) fabrics. Clothes that break down faster might not have to be burned. They would also appeal to those who care about the environmental impact of their own wardrobes.

Additionally, we have an over-production problem. According to the World Bank, while clothing sales have risen steadily since 2000, clothing utilization has fallen at roughly the same rate. For every extra T-shirt that is sold, it will be worn roughly half as much as it would have been 20 years ago. That means better forecasting market trends would in theory result in less waste.

Burning clothes won’t happen simply through fashion firms. The scale of fashion production has to change. And it’s important to recognize that these consumer-focused brands will only go where the market takes them. If protecting the environment really matters to the public, they have to make clear that they want more sustainable clothing in the first place. Without consumers demanding that, it won’t change.

【小题1】According to the passage, why do clothing firms choose to burn instead of selling clothes at a discount?
A.They don’t want to be copied.B.It costs the least and profits the most.
C.There are quality problems.D.The manufacturer went bankrupt.
【小题2】Paragraph three mainly talks about ________.
A.how important the U. K parliamentary committee report is
B.why fashion firms should end burning unsold stock
C.why fashion firms burn unsold clothes in large numbers every year
D.how artificial fabrics will contribute to global warming
【小题3】The underlined expression “clothing utilization” in the sixth paragraph means ________.
A.how long clothing lastB.how well clothing sells
C.how often clothing is usedD.how clothing is designed
【小题4】According to the article, which of the following is NOT a better way of dealing with unsold clothes than burning them?
A.Redesigning and making them into new clothes.
B.Making consumers feel better about their purchases.
C.Conducting research on market demand before production.
D.Making clothes out of environmentally-friendly materials.
【小题5】What can we learn from the last paragraph?
A.Consumers play a key role in stopping burning clothes.
B.Burning clothes is a better option for every fashion firm.
C.The secret that some fashion firms burn clothes is well kept.
D.Today’s clothes are better than those two decades ago.

As the weather changes from day to day, sometimes it's impossible to avoid catching a cold or the flu. However, that doesn't mean we have to suffer terribly. Since the only way to get better from a cold is to go through the process, many natural remedies (疗法) have helped to reduce the symptom (症状) of the common cold.

If you feel the cold, you should drink something warm. Add honey and lemon to hot water or tea. You will keep warm while you're drinking tea. In traditional Chinese medicine, ginger (姜) has been used for over two thousand years. A cup of ginger tea helps to increase the blood move and make you sweat through your body.

Garlic (大蒜) is a super food. Garlic helps to fight off germs (细菌) when eaten daily. It can reduce the number of colds you get each year and shorten cold symptoms. If you don't mind eating uncooked garlic, it's best to eat a few pieces every three to four hours when you feel the first signs of a cold.

It's no secret that salt gets rid of germs. For a sore throat, mix about half a teaspoon of salt into warm water and use as a mouthwash. Whether it's for breakfast, lunch or dinner, the Japanese enjoy umeboshi, sour and salty apricots(杏子) that help keep the doctor away. Using a neti pot is an old practice from India that helps people breathe better. As a mixture of salt and water pours into the nose, the germs are cleared away.

Although cutting an onion can make you cry, it's good for a blocked nose. People in Mexico and Spain eat hot peppers to get their sense of smell back temporarily during a cold. Of course, you'd better be ready to experience a wave of heat! In Korea, kimchi is a popular side dish that keeps people healthy. It's made from pickle vegetables, red hot sauce and sometimes garlic and ginger.

It is common to have a cold, and Mother Nature’s remedies will be there for you to lower your pain when you need to fight against that cold!

【小题1】Which of the following best shows the structure of the passage?
A.B.C.D.
【小题2】The underlined word "It" in Paragraph 3 refers to ________ .
A.the garlicB.the germC.the coldD.the symptom
【小题3】The passage mainly wants to tell us that ________.
A.people can catch a cold and the flu in many ways
B.natural remedies are helpful when people catch colds
C.Mother Nature's food can take the place of medicine
D.natural food helps people fight against all the illnesses
【小题4】According to the passage, we can learn that ________.
A.a neti pot is always used to keep warm
B.ginger is newly found to be good for health
C.kimchi is a main dish made from vegetables
D.umeboshi is salty and sour apricots Japanese like

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