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Bollywood

What is Bollywood?

Bollywood is the name of the Indian film industry (产业). It’s nearly the same as Hollywood, but the “B” comes from Bombay, the biggest city in India, now called Mumbai (孟买). Bollywood makes nearly 800 films a year: that’s twice the number of films made in Hollywood. The films are made very quickly and some actors are in three or four films at the same time.

Bollywood: Past

People made the first Bollywood film in 1899. At first, the films were silent and then in the 1930s they made films with sound. The first color film started in the 1950s, which showed the beauty of the Indian clothes and costurnes (装束) often worn in Bollywood productions. Traditional Bollywood films included a lot of singing and dancing, but action films also became popular in the 1970s. At first people only watched the films in India, but since the year 2000 Bollywood films have become popular all over the world.

Bollywood: Present

Mumbai is the home of the Indian film industry. Thousands of people work there as actors, cameramen, directors and extras (临时演员). It is common now for directors to make Bollywood films in other countries, such as the US, France and China as Indian audiences (观众) are very interested in other countries. However, international cinema has also come to Bollywood.

Bollywood: Future

The future is good. Big American film companies (公司) like Warner Bros, and Twentieth Century Fox are opening offices in India. This means more color, more dancing and definitely (确定地) more Bollywood.

【小题1】How many films are made in Hollywood every year now?
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【小题2】Why is it common now for directors to make Bollywood films in other countries?
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【小题3】If you want to be an international actor or actress, which place will you go to? Why?
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21-22九年级上·江西赣州·期中
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Bollywood: the Hollywood of India

You might be surprised to learn that India produces about 800 movies a year, and that number continues to grow. Just as the movie Capital of the United States is Hollywood, the movie capital of India is Bombay (孟买), but it is usually called “Bollywood”, a combination (结合) of the words Bombay and Hollywood.

All Bollywood movies are thought complete with a few songs and dances. In fact, music is an important part of Bollywood movies. Even a bad movie can still do well if the music is good. Music directors are sometimes more popular than the film stars. A Bollywood movie has five to six songs with at least three songs to show what the dances mean.

Bollywood may be different from Hollywood in music, but it is very like Hollywood in several ways. If Tom Cruise can hold a gun, so can the Bollywood hero Sharukh Khan. Hollywood stars are followed by news reporters just as often as Hollywood stars. The personal lives of actors and actresses catch the headlines(头版头条), just as they do in the United States.

The Oscars are a very exciting time of the year for actors and actresses in America, Bollywood has its own form of the Oscars, and they are also very exciting.

【小题1】The name Bollywood comes from the words _______________________.
【小题2】Bollywood is a place where many ___________ are made each year.
【小题3】In India, the film stars are sometimes ________ than music directors.
【小题4】Every complete Bollywood movie has a few _____________ in them.
【小题5】The Oscars in India are as ________ as those in America though they are different.
阅读下面短文,完成相关任务。

Kunqu Opera is also called Kunju, Kunqiang and Kunshanqiang. It is one of the oldest dramas in China with a long history of over 600 years. Well-known for its beautiful lines (台词) from the classic poems and its graceful singing, Kunqu Opera is regarded as an orchid (兰花) in the garden of Chinese traditional culture and art. Also, this great art has been listed as one of the intangible cultural heritages (非物质文化遗产) in the world.

Kunqu Opera started in Kunshan, Suzhou, Jiangsu Province at the end of the Yuan Dynasty, and it became quite popular in the Ming and Qing Dynasties. Although performed in the Suzhou dialect (方言), Kunqu Opera is also popular in areas along the Yangtze River, including Shanghai and Hangzhou. It is also popular in Beijing. Regarded as the mother of other operas in China, it has a great influence on most Chinese operas and plays an important role in Chinese history.

Kunqu Opera has strict and complete rules for its singing, dancing and speaking. It is famous for its beautiful music and the actors’ soft and clear voice, poetic dialogues, perfect dance and acrobatic (杂技) performances.

Kunqu Opera is of very great value for its rich traditional plays. Most of them are about love. The greatest works are The Peony Pavilion (《牡丹亭》) and The Palace of Eternal Life (《长生殿》).

【小题1】请回答问题。Why is Kunqu Opera regarded as an orchid in the garden of Chinese traditional culture and art?
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【小题2】请把文中划线句子翻译成汉语。
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【小题3】请从文中找出与下面所给句子意思相近的句子。
Considered to be the origin (起源) of other operas in China, the opera has a great influence on most Chinese operas and holds an important position in Chinese history.
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【小题4】请给短文拟一个恰当的英文标题。
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【小题5】请结合自身实际回答问题。What other operas do you know besides Kunqu? Name one of them, and share your opinion about it?
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