One can’t discuss Chinese music without mentioning the Chinese seven-string zither(七弦琴), also known as the guqin, one of the four arts of ancient China. The other three arts are go(围棋), calligraphy(书法) and painting. It first appeared over 3,000 years ago and represents China’s solo musical instrument tradition.
At first, the guqin had only five strings, representing the five elements of metal, wood, water, fire and earth. Later, in the Zhou dynasty, King Wen of Zhou added a sixth string for his son. King Wu of Zhou, added a seventh string to encourage his army to fight with the Shang.
Ambience(环境气氛) was important in playing the Chinese zither. Usually, it was practiced in a quiet setting and never for public performance. Ancient artists enjoyed performing by a stream in the mountains. The sound of the guqin mixed with the echoes(回音) from the mountains, until the musician found himself at one with nature. Playing it in snow was also a favorite pastime for ancient artists, who believed the instrument was the purest of its kind in the world. Also, a night with moonlight was considered ideal for playing the guqin.
Nowadays, there are fewer than one thousand well-trained guqin players. The original number of several thousand pieces has greatly reduced to only a hundred works by today. The guqin and its music were added to the list of the Intangible Cultural Heritage of Humanity(人类非物质文化遗产) in 2003.
1题完成句子,2-3题简略回答问题,4题找出并写下第三段主题句,5题将文中画线句子译成汉语。
【小题1】The
【小题2】What does the Chinese seven-string zither stand for in Chinese history?
【小题3】Why did King Wu of Zhou add a seventh string?
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【小题5】
Many people would like to learn how to play a musical instrument, but they are put off by one big problem: what to play? Here are some questions to help you decide.
What kind of music do you like?
Many instruments are versatile (多用途的), but some are more suited to certain types of music. For example, there are some classical plays for the saxophone, but people connect it more with jazz. The saxophone is not a permanent (永久的) feature of many orchestras (管弦乐队). Some instruments may lend themselves to others better than to the music you like, so think twice before you start.
Do you want to play with other people?
Think about your long-term future as a musician. If you want to play with other people, what kind of instrument would be the most practical? The attraction of playing a dazzling solo instrument like trumpet (小号), violin, flute or lead guitar might fade (逐渐消失) when you realize how many other people are competing with you to get the main part with the same instrument! If you want to play rock music, there will always be a need for bass players or drummers, and if you feel like being part of an orchestra, the bassoon is a great bet to make sure you are always needed.
Where are you going to practise?
Many people live in flats and practising the drums, for example, will drive your neighbours crazy. Think about where and when you are going to practise, as well as the patience of the people you live with or near. Electric musical instruments like the piano, drums, guitar, and even violin give you the option of playing into the night using headphones, while your housemates sleep in peace. Otherwise, you may need to go to a school or a community centre to practise.
How much money can you spend?
This is quite a big factor. A lot of instruments can be bought in different price ranges, for example, guitars. But this doesn’t change the fact that many, such as the piano, are always pretty expensive. If you can’t afford your chosen instrument, will you be able to borrow someone else’s or hire one?
Are there any physical limitations (限制)?
If you’re small and don’t like lifting heavy instruments, you won’t want to carry around a double bass. Apart from that, use your common sense, and don’t let your physical shortcomings put you off. Who says small skinny people can’t play the tuba (大号)? It’s true that some wind instruments require a lot of lung (肺) power, but with the right coaching, everyone can develop the right skill.
Still not sure?
Talk to people you know who already play instruments. They might even let you try theirs. It’s also a good idea to find an experienced music teacher, preferably one who plays several different instruments, who can give you some advice and push you in the right direction.
If you find an instrument you love and that suits your needs, you’ll find the time spent choosing was well worth it. Good luck with making your choice!
Which musical instrument should you learn? | |
Types of music you like | ◆Many instruments are played for different types of music. ◆ Some instruments may be more |
Playing | ◆It is ◆If you want to |
Places to practise instruments | ◆Your neighbours will be mad at the noise from drums in your flats. ◆Electric musical instruments provide a ◆ |
Cost of instruments | ◆Instruments like guitars have different prices. ◆You can try to borrow or rent an instrument |
Physical limitations | ◆Don’t let your physical limitations ◆Some wind instruments need a strong lung. However, proper training can help everyone master the skills. |
Extra tips | ◆Talk to people who play instruments and have a try. ◆Find a music teacher with rich |
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