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Have you watched news on TV or read newspaper recently? It has been a difficult time for people in California, US during the past month. As we all know, wildfires have spread through much of the state. According to CBS, at least 31 people have died so far. This makes them the most terrible wildfires in California so far.

Wildfires are uncontrolled fires. They usually happen in areas where few people live. They are most common in wooden areas in the US, Canada and Australia. They are also known as forest fires or grass fires, or as bushfires in Australia.

Lightning and volcanic eruptions(火山爆发) can cause wildfires. However, 90 % of wildfires are caused by people. According to the US National Park Service, burning campfires and garbage debris(碎片), cigarette butts and acts of arson(纵火) can easily cause wildfires.

Dry and hot weather, as well as wind, creates perfect wildfire conditions. They help wildfires spread quickly and last for weeks.

Wildfires can burn at over 900℃ and reach heights of more than 50 metres. Wildfires can move at a speed of up to 23 kilometres an hour, burning everything — trees, bushes, homes, even people, in their path.

The fires are also dangerous to animals. In Australia, koalas can’t get enough water from tree leaves because of wildfires. They have to leave their trees and find water somewhere else.

But sometimes, fires can be helpful for some plants. Heat from the fires makes some fungi (真菌), such as morel mushrooms(羊肚蘑), grow better. People can find more of them in the wild after a fire.

Hope that wildfires will never happen again.

【小题1】According to the writer, which of the following can NOT cause wildfires?
A.Lightning and volcanic eruptions.B.Burning campfires and cigarette butts.
C.Acts of arson.D.Cooking meals at home.
【小题2】Which is NOT true to describe wildfires?
A.Wildfires usually happen in areas where many people live.
B.Wildfires can burn at over 900℃.
C.Wildfires reach heights of more than 50 metres.
D.Wildfires can move at a speed of up to 23 kilometres an hour.
【小题3】The heat of wildfires is helpful to ________.
A.peopleB.animalsC.treesD.morel mushrooms
【小题4】What’s the best title of the passage?
A.The Terrible WildfiresB.The Reasons of Wildfires
C.The Advantages of WildfiresD.The Disadvantages of Wildfires
【小题5】You may find the passage in ________.
A.a novelB.a magazineC.a diaryD.a textbook
2021·天津北辰·二模
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When storm clouds gather, and the wind blows strongly, most people choose to stay at home. But some run toward the danger. Photographer Liu Yijing is one of them, as he records nature’s anger with his camera.


       His latest work was a perfect shot of a complete supercell (单体) storm in Inner Mongolia on August 22. 2021. Earlier this month the picture was picked as the cover photo for Advances in Atmospheric Sciences, one of the most important journals in its field.
       The supercell is a type of storm that can last a long time and travel long distances. And it usually comes with dangerous weather conditions, including damaging hailstones (冰雹) and winds.
       Since 2020, recording storms has become the primary focus of Liu’s life. For the past year Liu, 21, has traveled about 24, 000 kilometers across 11 regions in China as he tries to watch and record thunderstorms.
       While a storm may be beautiful in a certain sense, for most farmers storms mean serious trouble for their livelihoods. During one of his photo schools in 2020, a local farmer told Liu in tears that storms had damaged his crops, injured his herds(牧群)and destroyed his houses. The young man suddenly realized that the things he loves can bring disaster to others.

As a result, he decided to do something to help the public better understand storms and their influence on people’s lives. He has tried to explain the danger of storms through videos on social media platforms. He also calls on everyone to take action to help prevent climate change.


       “I hope my efforts can help people better understand nature,” Liu said.
【小题1】What is Liu Yijing’s hobby?
A.To travel around the world.B.To make short videos for the public.
C.To enjoy the life on the farm.D.To record natures anger with camera.
【小题2】What can we know about a supercell storm?
A.The storms always originate in Inner Mongolia.
B.Photographers can catch the storms easily in China.
C.A supercell storm means serious damage for farmers.
D.It is the only subject of Advances in Atmospheric Sciences.
【小题3】Which of the following sayings explains the underlined part best?
A.We are not born for ourselves.B.The honey of this is the poison of that.
C.Make your enemy your friend.D.One man’s fault is another man’s lesson.
【小题4】What made Liu decide to take action to help prevent climate change?
A.A farmer’s tears.B.His famous pictures.C.The beautiful cover.D.Social media platforms.
【小题5】Which can be the best title for the passage?
A.Beautiful but DangerousB.The Eve of the Storm
C.The Great Young PhotographerD.Climate Change Is Here

On December 18th, 2023, a big earthquake (地震) hit Jishishan County in Gansu. Ding Xiaolong was asleep at home when the earthquake happened. It woke him up and he quickly ran out of his house. He felt lucky to be alive, but he was sorry for what happened to his friend’s family.

After the earthquake, Ding got a phone call from his friend. He was working in another city. The friend asked Ding to see if his family were OK. However, his house had fallen down. Ding asked over 20 people for help, but it was too late. All four members of his friend’s family had lost their lives.

Ma Shijun, a student, ran out of the dormitory (宿舍) without shoes or a coat. And teachers quickly asked students to go to the playground. “Seeing more and more rescue personnel (救援人员) arriving, I find myself less afraid,” Ma said.

The members of Blue Sky Rescue Team set up lots of tents. Some villagers offered hot water. Taxi drivers were busy carrying the injured (受伤的人) to hospitals. Medical teams were racing against time to help those in need. “Life is the most important,” said the head of a hospital. “There’s hope as long as people are alive.”

【小题1】What does the underlined word “It” in Paragraph 1 refer to?
A.The outside noise.B.Ding’s parents’ shout.
C.The earthquake.D.Ding’s friend’s call.
【小题2】What do we know about Ma Shijun?
A.He’s a primary school student.B.He helped save some students.
C.He didn’t feel afraid at all.D.He ran out without shoes on.
【小题3】What did the head of the hospital want to say?
A.Put life first.B.Life is short.
C.Never lose hope.D.Be kind to others.
【小题4】What does the last paragraph mainly talk about?
A.The earthquake caused many problems.
B.People were trying their best to offer help.
C.Lots of people lost homes during the earthquake.
D.People had different opinions on the earthquake.

Billions of locusts (蝗虫) are moving through farms and fields in the East African countries of Ethiopia, Kenya and Somalia.

Locusts are grasshoppers (蚱蜢). Normally grasshoppers don't travel in groups so they do little harm. But when there are lots of them, their bodies and behavior change. That’s when they become locusts. Locusts travel in huge groups,


laying eggs along the way, which produces even more locusts. In a single day, a small swarm (群) of the insects can eat as much food as 35 ,000 people do.

The locust swarms in Ethiopia and Somalia are the worst in 25 years. These locusts are desert locusts. They began swarming about six months ago. By moving with the winds, desert locusts can travel up to 90 miles a day or more.

Locust swarms are more common when heavy rains follow a long dry period. The insects lay their eggs in the wet ground. This season, East Africa has had its heaviest rainy season in 40 years.

When the insects swarm (成群地飞来飞去), one square kilometer of land can hold as many as 150 million locusts. There are 700 square kilometers of land covered by the insects in Kenya alone.

The insects are a threat to lives in the regions, where food is already in short supply. Already many farmers who keep animals are struggling because locusts have eaten up the plants the animals usually live on

In East Africa, farmers have been shooting into the air or making noises in the fields, but that doesn’t work against so many insects. Experts say that spraying pesticides (杀虫剂) over large areas from airplanes is the only way to reduce the number of the insects. The UN has released (释放) $ 10 million to help deal with the locust problem. The UN says about $70 million is needed to truly control the locusts with pesticides.

【小题1】Which is TRUE about locusts?
A.Normally they don’t travel in groups.B.A small swarm of locusts eat a lot of food a day.
C.They lay eggs in the wind.D.They do little harm to the plants.
【小题2】East Africa has got the locust problem because ________.
A.the land is too dry to grow cropsB.farmers pull out all the grass there
C.poor people love to eat locusts as foodD.it has too much rain after the dry season
【小题3】How many locusts are there in Kenya?
A.About 150,000,000.B.About 700,000,000.
C.About 1,850,000, 000.D.About 105,000, 000,000.
【小题4】According to the passage, a “threat” probably can ________.
A.bring good luck to peopleB.make people live a happy life
C.cause danger in the futureD.help keep more animals
【小题5】We can infer from the last paragraph that ________.
A.farmers are trying to scare the insects offB.spraying pesticides can’t solve the locust problem
C.the UN thinks the locust problem isn’t seriousD.East Africa has required no more help so far

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