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A

The pencil is a very simple object. However, it took hundreds of people over centuries to make it what it’s like today.

The story of the pencil starts with graphite(石墨).People cut it into small sticks and use them to write or draw. Around 1560, an Italian couple named Simonio and Lyndiana Bemacotti added wood holders to the graphite sticks. However, since the graphite is too soft, the pencils were easy to break. In 1795, in France, Nicolas-Jacques Conte worked out a method of mixing graphite powders with clay(黏土). In this way, people made strong pencil cores(铅笔芯). To this day, the method is still used in making pencils.

It was Henry David Thoreau who came up with the grading scale(分级量表)for different hardnesses of pencils. It was graded one through four, and grade two is the proper hardness for general use. The softer the pencil is, the more graphite it has in it, and the darker the line is. The harder the pencil is, the more clay it has, and the lighter the line is. Nowadays, pencils marked 2B are usually used in exams to mark answers. Pencils marked HB are usually used in daily writing. People usually use pencils of different hardness and blackness to draw different parts of a picture.

When pencils were handmade, they were made round. Then an American Joseph Dixon developed machines to make pencils. Later people found out it was easier and less wasteful to make a pencil which has six sides.

There is a pencil for everyone and every pencil has a story. The Blackwing 602 is famous for being used by a lot of writes. And then, you have the Dixon pencil company. It’s what people think of when they think of a pencil and what they most probably will buy when their children are about to learn to write.

In my opinion, there’s nothing that can be done to make the pencil better than it is.

【小题1】Who improved the hardness of pencils?
A.Joseph Dia.B.Nicolas-Jacquces Conte.
C.Henry David Thoreau.D.Simonio and Lyndiana Bernacotti.
【小题2】What does the underlined word “it” mean in Paragraph4?
A.The grading scale.B.The story of the pencil.
C.To make the pencil round.D.To make a pencil which has six sides.
【小题3】What’s the text mainly about?
A.The development of pencils.B.The main inventors of pencils.
C.What pencils are made out of.D.Why pencils are widely used.
2020·山东枣庄·一模
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In the 13th century, the famous Italian traveler, Marco Polo, traveled a long way to China. During his stay in China, he saw many wonderful things. One of the things he discovered was that the Chinese used paper money. In Western countries, people didn't use paper money until 15th century. However, people in China began to use paper money in the 7th century.

A Chinese man called Cai Lun invented paper almost 2,000 years ago. He put these pieces of paper together and made them in a book.

Now paper comes from trees. We use a lot of paper every day. If we keep on wasting so much paper, there will not be any trees left on the earth. If there are no trees, there will be no paper. So how can we save paper? We can use both of every piece of paper, especially when we are making notes. We can choose drinks in bottles instead of those in paper packets (小包). We can also use handkerchiefs (手帕) and not paper ones. When we go shopping, we can use fewer paper bags. If the shop assistant does give you a paper bag, we can save it and reuse it later.

Everyone can help to save paper. If we all think carefully, we can help protect trees. We should do it now before it is too late.

【小题1】When Marco Polo was in China, he ________.
A.discovered Cai Lun invented paper
B.learned to make paper
C.discovered Chinese people used paper money
【小题2】People in Western countries first used paper money in the ________ century.
A.17thB.15thC.7th
【小题3】Which of the following is TRUE?
A.The Chinese people used paper money later than the people in Western countries.
B.A Chinese man called Cai Lun invented paper money about two thousand years ago.
C.If we keep on wasting paper, we will have no paper to use.
【小题4】Which is the best title for the passage?
A.Saving PaperB.The History of PaperC.Cotton Handkerchiefs Back Again

Tea is important part of Chinese tradition. Tea has very close relationship to Chinese culture.

It is said that Chinese tea was discovered by King Shen Nong(神农). People say that he lived 5,000 years ago. One summer day, while he was visiting a faraway part of his country, he felt very thirsty. The servants began to make water hot enough to turn into gas for him to drink. Dried leaves from a near plant fell into the water. The king drank some, and found it could make him feel less tried. Also as a scientist, Shen Nong was interested in the new drink. And so, tea was created in 2737 BC.

Drinking tea has many advantages. It makes people feel less tired, clears heat inside the human body and helps people lose weight. As you add a cup of tea to your daily life, please check the following helpful advice drink it hot. Tea oxidizes(氧化) quickly, so it is suggested that you drink it hot. Sick if you make the tea too strong.

Your stomach is full. You take medicine.

Do not drink too much strong tea. It will probably be harmful to your stomach and make you feel uncomfortable. The best time to drink tea is between meals. It may not make you have a strong wish to eat. Do not drink with medicine. It many change the medical result. You can drink tea two hours after.

Green tea is the best choice for office workers. Why? Because green tea helps stop the bad result of the computer.

【小题1】Paragraph 2 is mainly about            .
A.when King Shen Nong livedB.where tea was planted
C.how Chinese tea was discoveredD.why King Shen Nong drank tea
【小题2】Drinking tea has lots of advantages EXCEPT            .
A.helping you lose weightB.letting you feel less tired
C.having a strong wish for foodD.clearing heat inside your body
【小题3】Mr. Smith is a computer teacher. He’d better drink            .
A.green teaB.black tea
C.strong teaD.coffee with milk
【小题4】What can we infer(推断) from the passage?
A.Don’t drink too much strong tea.B.Not all office workers drink green tea.
C.Tea has nothing to do with Chinese culture.D.King Shen Nong loved creating new things.
【小题5】The passage is mainly written to            .
A.let us know how tea was discoveredB.give some advice about drinking tea
C.tell people the history of teaD.advise people to drink green tea

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