![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/a4298cb837170c021b9f2cd4e674a6a3.svg)
加氢是对温室气体的有效转化,也是生成再生能源与化工原料重要途径。
(1)由
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/a4298cb837170c021b9f2cd4e674a6a3.svg)
加氢生成
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/eff19349a80467d65564cc2953f0c978.svg)
的反应为
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/3be3e8749ff647f1860635d0e63e5eef.svg)
①若
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/ae95cabe7e2016ce53605d7b61377845.svg)
为标准摩尔生成焓,其定义为标准状态下,由稳定相态的单质生成1mol该物质的焓变。则该反应的反应热
___________![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/a4b2a6bc4b5ef80a57a78c144749392c.svg)
②若在一定温度下的容积固定的密闭容器中进行该反应,则可以提高
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/a4298cb837170c021b9f2cd4e674a6a3.svg)
平衡转化率的措施有
___________(写出两种)。
③下列说法可以证明该反应已达到平衡状态的是
___________(填字母)。
a.
b.
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/7644a7769a5fa1bdab46cc0b2dee2861.svg)
的物质的量分数不再改变
c.容器内气体密度不再改变
d.
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/eff19349a80467d65564cc2953f0c978.svg)
和
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/98183b7becdd0efb6fe8f57cdcbce983.svg)
的浓度之比为1:2
e.混合气的平均摩尔质量不再变化
f.单位时间内生成
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/a52e8d4959bac080e057fff951dcad3a.svg)
的同时又消耗
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/c84500ece1e6d94365999176a9399f17.svg)
④
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/a4298cb837170c021b9f2cd4e674a6a3.svg)
催化加氢合成
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/eff19349a80467d65564cc2953f0c978.svg)
过程中,
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/a4298cb837170c021b9f2cd4e674a6a3.svg)
活化的可能途径如有图所示,CO是
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/a4298cb837170c021b9f2cd4e674a6a3.svg)
活化的优势中间体,原因是
___________。
![](https://img.xkw.com/dksih/QBM/editorImg/2024/3/31/b8ab2823-1461-4cd2-ba44-0669283a73ce.png?resizew=186)
(2)一定条件下
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/a4298cb837170c021b9f2cd4e674a6a3.svg)
与
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/7644a7769a5fa1bdab46cc0b2dee2861.svg)
也可以生成
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/d4d1f1e78b8ee320c79a71d3308b8db0.svg)
,某温度下在容积为2L的恒容密闭容器中充入
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/979ffcaa8b1bff91952fd9aaefc72e42.svg)
和一定量
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/7644a7769a5fa1bdab46cc0b2dee2861.svg)
发生反应:
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/61127a206e8bc4be15d6fd3472a8b52e.svg)
。
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/55907e8da682ed478c7da5e3e84aa7c7.svg)
的平衡分压与起始投料比
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/a53c64d1aa688b0af5df5b9249a22463.svg)
的变化关系如图所示,已知b点对应投料比的起始压强为1.5kPa,则
___________。b点时,再充入
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/7885a02a48d61bbb2dcecffee289187e.svg)
和
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/fe385606322e88ff02712045e1834e43.svg)
,使两者分压均增大0.2kPa,则此时平衡
___________(填“正向”、“逆向”或“不”)移动。
![](https://img.xkw.com/dksih/QBM/editorImg/2024/3/31/22858d6b-21d2-4f99-971a-b98d9e8c5fc1.png?resizew=260)
(3)一定条件下
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/a4298cb837170c021b9f2cd4e674a6a3.svg)
与
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/7644a7769a5fa1bdab46cc0b2dee2861.svg)
还可以生成甲酸,方程式为
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/fbc26162c39c67f6be83a209698b3409.svg)
。恒定压强为100kPa时,向密闭容器中充入一定量的HCOOH气体,
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/9caa468c5da9d32a828f255358b981c9.svg)
除了能分解成
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/a4298cb837170c021b9f2cd4e674a6a3.svg)
和
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/7644a7769a5fa1bdab46cc0b2dee2861.svg)
,还能分解为CO和
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/98183b7becdd0efb6fe8f57cdcbce983.svg)
,反应为:
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/eb137ffe8894dd5a72ead560b573d1ec.svg)
,则此平衡体系中CO或
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/7644a7769a5fa1bdab46cc0b2dee2861.svg)
的选择性和HCOOH的转化率随温度变化曲线如图所示。
![](https://img.xkw.com/dksih/QBM/editorImg/2024/3/31/f5616d26-490f-43d5-ac8d-85dc1eb70398.png?resizew=269)
提示:CO(或氢气)的选择性
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/9931d45be40c6d35e2b68e037b4959a6.svg)
图中随着温度升高,HCOOH的转化率增大,请解释CO的选择性下降可能的原因:
___________;400°C时
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/a4298cb837170c021b9f2cd4e674a6a3.svg)
的体积分数为
___________。