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When times get tough, we all look for ways to cut back. When we’re hungry, we eat at home instead of going out. We take buses instead of taxis. And we wear our old designer jeans just a few months longer. With college expenses at all-time highs, high school students are eager to do anything to cut the cost of a university education.

One cost-cutting proposal is to allow college students to get a bachelor’s degree in three years instead of four. Educational institutions have been actively exploring ways to make the learning process more efficient. But there’s a question: Would the quality of undergraduate education suffer? Few US universities have formally approved a “three-year degree” model.

I doubt that mainstream North American colleges will carry out a three-year curriculum any time soon. For one thing, most universities already allow highly qualified students to graduate early by testing out of certain classes and obtaining a number of college credits. In addition, at famous universities, the committee who determine which courses are required and which courses are electives are unlikely to suddenly “throw out” one quarter of the required credits. Professors will resist “diluting (稀释)” the quality of the education they offer.

In my opinion, a quality four-year education is always superior to a quality three-year education. A college education requires sufficient time for a student to become skilled in their major and do coursework in fields outside their major. It is not a good idea to water down education, any more than it’s not a good idea to water down medicine. If we want to help students find their way through university, we should help them understand early on what knowledge and skills they need to have upon graduation. We should allow students to test out of as many courses as possible. We should give them a chance to earn money as interns (实习生) in meaningful part-time jobs that relate to their university studies, such as the five-year co-op program at Northeastern University.

【小题1】Which of the following can best sum up the main idea?
A.It’s time to shorten the learning process.
B.Best learning takes place over time.
C.University education should be watered down.
D.College education calls for reform.
【小题2】We can learn from the passage that ________.
A.most American universities are against the “three-year degree” model
B.many famous US universities are considering adopting the “three-year degree” model
C.professors are willing to accept the “three-year degree” model
D.The “three-year degree” model can make college learning more efficient
【小题3】In most US universities,________.
A.college students are offered the co-op program
B.electives’ credits make up one quarter of the required credits
C.all students are required to finish four-year education before graduation
D.some excellent students can graduate ahead of time
【小题4】We can infer that________.
A.the author is a college professor exploring ways to make learning more efficient
B.the author thinks the cost of a university education is too high for people to afford
C.the author considers the university education quality very important
D.the author pays special attention to the all-round development of college students
2020·广东广州·二模
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The release of ChatGPT has caused more than a little worry about its ability to produce credible pieces of writing. “The College Essay Is Dead, ” some people declared. That’s unlikely. There are obvious workarounds. For example, students wouldn’t benefit from ChatGPT if they were required to write out essays by hand.

A return to handwritten essays could benefit students in a way. For instance, neuroscience research has revealed that the act of handwriting is very different from punching letters on a keyboard. Handwriting requires precise motor skills that stimulate greater activity in a broader group of brain regions when compared with typing and engage the brain in ways that researchers have linked to learning and memory improvements. Handwriting forces those areas responsible for memory and learning to communicate with each other, which helps form networks that facilitate the recall and acquisition of new information.

Much of the research has focused on children or younger students. But there’s evidence that, even for older students and adults, completing assignments in longhand is a more cognitively (认知地) involved process, leading to better processing of ideas and more original work. Meanwhile, research on foreign-language learners has found that handwriting is associated with improvements in some measure of accuracy and comprehension. Handwriting requires you to put a filter on what you’re producing in a way that typing doesn’t. When you’re writing by hand, you need to know what you want to say before you begin. If you don’t, you’ll have to cross things out or start over. Typing on a computer requires far less forethought. It is less challenging for the brain-and challenging the brain is central to education itself.

A return to handwritten essays wouldn’t be easy on teachers, who might have to reduce the length of assignments or allocate (分配) extra class time for completion. They’d also have the burden of reading text that wasn’t neatly turned out by a word processor. But some might find all that preferable to being constantly suspicious (猜疑的) that they’re being outsmarted by a computer program.

When health issues forced the German philosopher Friedrich Nietzsche to abandon his pen in favor of a typewriter, a change occurred in his writing style, which one scholar later described as a departure from “sustained argument and prolonged reflection” to a “telegram style. ” Our writing tools work on our thoughts. Ensuring that today’s students have more than one writing tool might pay off in ways experts are only beginning to grasp. ChatGPT and other AI-powered technologies will win only if we agree to play on their home territory.

【小题1】How can handwriting benefit students?
A.It enhances brain engagement.
B.It guarantees accurate comprehension.
C.It creates networks for communication.
D.It facilitates the assessment of information.
【小题2】What does the underlined phrase “put a filter on” in Paragraph 3 probably mean?
A.Carefully screen.B.Passively accept.
C.Objectively assess.D.Gradually discover.
【小题3】What factor may lead teachers to resist the idea of handwritten assignments?
A.The risk of weakened concentration.
B.The fear of being outsmarted by AI.
C.The trouble of marking untidy work.
D.The content of handwritten essays.
【小题4】Which would be the best title for the passage?
A.College education will be reformed by ChatGPT
B.Handwriting will replace typing due to ChatGPT
C.Handwritten essays can help teachers defeat ChatGPT
D.College teachers return to longhand to battle ChatGPT

The Independent Project at the Monument Mountain Regional High School in Great Barrington, Massachusetts, is attracting huge interest in the education field. The program is a new concept that has developed a wide variety of students’ abilities and excited their interest in education and self-directed learning. They are a group of students that , instead of being educated through the normal school courses, have created their own subjects and project-based interactive learning.

The students are almost completely independent. They choose a goal that they want to accomplish and work on for the whole year. These goals have included some impressive attempts such as writing a novel, writing a play , learning the piano and more. Along with these larger attempts , the students meet every day to ask questions about other subjects like natural sciences , social sciences, etc. Although most of them say that they don’t like math, they did eventually develop an interest in math through this independent learning technique.

The education program, which has attracted a huge variety of students, allows the students to learn and develop research skills and questioning techniques and allows them to truly be interested in the subjects they are diving into . They also teach each other what they have learned , which allows them to develop different way of presenting and gathering material that they have researched.

I wish that I could have participated in such a project during my high school career, like writing a novel. I am currently studying English as well as education to pursue a teaching degree. I would love to adapt independent driven projects into a classroom in the future.

This project also raises some crucial questions. Do we need to rethink the structure of the education system itself? Are too many students being simply fed through a conveyor belt(传送带) that we blindly see as working toward their education? I think that the education system needs some improvements , and different learning styles need to be addressed immediately.

Individual differences in learning are huge keys to the functioning of a classroom. This project takes the idea to a whole new level. This is an extremely important event in the development of the American education system and I think everyone needs to keep an eye out for more programs like this.

【小题1】What can we learn about the Independent Project?
A.There is little involvement from teachers.
B.Normal school courses are also available.
C.The students meet every week to discuss their courses.
D.It was designed to improve the students’ interest in math.
【小题2】By saying “Are too many students --- toward their education?” the author seems to imply that ________.
A.teachers are really important for students.
B.different learning styles should be encouraged.
C.the project works like a conveyor belt of information.
D.knowledge can be better conveyed in smaller classes
【小题3】What is the passage mainly about ?
A.The benefits of interactive learningB.Individual differences in learning.
C.A group of independent students.D.An unusual education program.

If you are aiming to master anything quickly, you can learn from Albert Einstein and Richard Feynman. They offer practical advice you can use to improve your learning.

According to Einstein, improving your intellectual capacity should be fun and enjoyable-happy learners are quick learners. In 1915, he wrote a letter to his 11-year-old son (HansAlbert) who was learning the piano and said.

“I am very pleased that you find joy with the piano. This and carpentry are in my opinion for your age the best pursuits, better even than school, because those are things which fit a young person such as you very well. Mainly play the things on the piano which please you, even if the teacher does not assign those. That is the way to learn the most when you are doing something with such enjoyment that you don’t notice that the time passes.”

To learn anything faster or better choose topics you will enjoy — you have control over what you are learning. Make the learning relevant. You should be able to answer the question “Why am I learning this?” at any point.

Richard Feynman won a Nobel Prize and always wanted to know more and to learn more Known as the “Great Explainer”, he was famous for his ability to explain complex topics in simple ways.

The Feynman Technique, his approach to improving learning, features explaining or teaching what you learn to others. It can help you learn better and keep more of what you learn. According to Feynman, it is significant to have the ability to explain things simply — so simple, in fact, that you could explain it to an eight-year-old. Einstein agrees. He once said, “t you can’t explain it simply, you don’t understand it well enough.”

For thousands of years, people have known that the best way to understand a concept is to explain it to someone else. “While we teach, we learn.” said the Roman philosopher Seneca. Learners keep a greater percentage of what they learn when they explain or teach the concept to someone else, or use it immediately. Your ideas will never be more effective than your ability to-make others grasp them. When you share, you remember better.

【小题1】Einstein wrote the letter to his son in order to________.
A.encourage Hans to play the piano well.
B.share some useful advice on how to play the piano.
C.support Hans’ learning the piano with enjoyment.
D.suggest Hans taking teachers seriously.
【小题2】Why is the Roman philosopher Seneca mentioned in the last paragraph?
A.To provide advice on how to teach concepts.
B.To illustrate the significance of teaching others.
C.To impress the readers with his meaningful quotes.
D.To show people’s exploration of concepts in history.
【小题3】Which of the following might be the best title for the text?
A.Secrets of Learning Faster.B.Benefits of Teaching Others.
C.Contribution of Great Explainers.D.Importance of Learning with Enjoyment.

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