Surveillance (监视) is a fact of life. Your boss is monitoring your performance at work. Supermarkets are collecting data on your grocery shopping.
In a few months, European Union law-makers are due to approve proposals that will make driver assistance systems mandatory (强制的) in cars within three years. All new models of car will come with black boxes (event data recorders), intelligent speed assistance, lane-keeping assistance and more besides.
A large number of technologies will soon be monitoring a driver’s every move. Are we prepared for devices that watch how we drive and try to help us do it better?
A.Now there is a new field: the automobile. |
B.There is concern about these technologies, however. |
C.The tech is reducing costs because it’s reducing the number of crashes. |
D.Safety isn't much discussed, principally because cars are already very safe. |
E.While the EU is taking the boldest steps, these technologies aren't far behind in other parts of the world. |
F.As a result, what may at first glance seem like a surveillance technology is actually a benefit for society. |
G.The European Commission says that introducing these advanced driver assistance systems will make driving safer. |
Taking an Uber car may no longer be a direct driver-passenger and guilt-free experience. The ride-sharing experience is about to get awkward.
With the wide application of the Internet, Uber, a new approach to your destination instead of taking an ordinary taxi, has become more popular recently. However, benefits won’t come without its fair share of drawbacks.
Uber drivers are a part of the so-called sharing economy: they use their own vehicles, receive customer reviews via the app’s five -star rating system and make their own hours. Unlike other services, Uber claimed that drivers all over the country could clearly alert customers that tipping is not included. Those drivers that expect to be tipped can make their wishes known. But the company is holding to its official no-tip-required line, according to its website. “Once you arrive at your destination, your fare is automatically charged to your credit card on file—there’s no need to tip.” Although drivers value their independence-the freedom to push a button rather than punch a clock, lack of a clear policy, however, leaves Uber drivers in a vulnerable (脆弱的) position: if they ask a customer for a tip or put up a sign, that customer could give the driver a low star-rating, and the driver could finally be deactivated from the app.
But has the company done a good job working with customers? Some observers say that this new grey area for tipping will create awkwardness about whether they should tip or not-something most Uber customers have not bad to deal with until now. Uber did not respond to customers’ comment, just leaving their rating in the air (ignoring it).
Providing an option to lip on an app sends a clear message to customers lo reach into their pockets. Nearly 30% people would be more likely to leave a tip if they were presented with a “no tip” button, according to Guinn’s 2015 survey of roughly 500 people. When people are presented with three tip choices—20%, 25% or 30%—they’re more likely to choose the middle option even if it’s more than the traditional 20%, according to a separate 2014 analysis of 13 million New York City taxi rides.
If the service is twice as expensive during a rain storm or public transport delay, the customer has the right not to tip. However, if the driver is extra helpful or avoids traffic to reach your destination in a more timely manner, you could give an extra tip, says Uber, who will leave tipping options in the hands of the consumer rather than the app.
【小题1】Compared with taxi drivers, Uber drivers .A.enjoy more freedom and choices |
B.support the company’s practice |
C.clock up the miles while driving |
D.receive customers reviews directly |
A.removed | B.degraded |
C.tracked | D.Charged |
A.would probably tip if there is an option |
B.usually do as the “no tip” sign suggests |
C.tip because of Uber drivers’ good service |
D.are disappointed to reach into their pockets |
A.Customers take advantage of the new grey area for tipping. |
B.There is no specific policy from the Uber to follow. |
C.It’s up to customers to decide the drivers’ earnings. |
D.Customers tend to pay least among the 3 choices. |
Thousands of years ago, people started building boats to help them explore the watery parts of the world. Boats let people find new hunting grounds and discover new lands.
The earliest boats were probably logs that people sat on as they floated downstream. Later, people made these logs more useful and comfortable by burning and scraping away the insides to make dugout boats and canoes.
Boats like the Greek trireme (三列桨船) were big and heavy and hard to steer.
When steam engines were invented, boating became easier than ever.
Over the years, boats have been used for fishing, for fighting, for carrying goods, for fun — even for living on.
A.The world is a watery place. |
B.It took hundreds of rowers to move a boat like that. |
C.People experimented with different kinds of floating boats. |
D.Boats have turned the world’s waterways into highways. |
E.Until people learned to build boats, all this water was a barrier. |
F.They carried people and goods farther than they’ve ever gone before. |
G.Ships with steam engines could sail long distances, even if there was no wind. |
Starting March 1, 2020, people in Luxembourg no longer have to pay to ride public transportation. The country has made all of its trains, buses, and trams(电车) free to ride.
Luxembourg is the first country to give riders a free pass. Luxembourg only has about 600, 000 people. But the country has a big traffic problem. Around 200, 000 people come into Luxembourg from the countries around it every day for work. The problem is worst in the capital, Luxembourg City. Only 110, 000 people live there, but about 400, 000 more come to work there every day. During rush hours, some trips that should normally take 30 minutes can take an hour or longer.
The government of Luxembourg hopes that by making transportation free, many more people will start taking buses, trains, and trams instead of driving. This would cut down on traffic. And they hope this will help Luxembourg pollute less, too. The government also wants to make it easier for poor people to get around. Before the free system, a single ride cost about 2, and a yearly pass cost 440. The new law only affects regular seating. Riders who want to go first class must still pay.
Some people doubt the measure. People in Luxembourg really like their cars. The country has 662 cars for every 1, 000 people, while the average in the European Union is just 468 cars for 1, 000 people. Some people believe that the country's transportation system simply isn't ready for huge numbers of new riders. What they are concerning is that without more money coming in from riders, it could be difficult for the country to improve its system. However, the government's plans call for spending 3.9 billion between 2018 and 2028 to improve its train system. The country also plans to make its bus system better, and make it easier for people from other countries to park their cars and catch a ride into the country.
【小题1】What does the second paragraph mainly talk about?A.The cars in Luxembourg City. |
B.Rush hours in Luxembourg City. |
C.The heavy traffic in Luxembourg. |
D.Luxembourg's rapid development. |
A.2. | B.3. |
C.4. | D.5. |
A.Many of them really like cars. |
B.Many of them enjoy travelling. |
C.Most of them want the free pass. |
D.Most of them are rich and busy. |
A.More people will come into Luxembourg. |
B.Fewer people will take first class to travel. |
C.The transportation system can't improve. |
D.People will have to pay for traffic systems. |
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