If you enjoy reading, the world in books will become a place which is not to be experienced in watching television only for entertainment. Studies have shown how those who read for pleasure achieve more in literacy（读写能力）and thinking abilities than those who don’t.Actually, there is nothing else that will expand your language skills and make your imagination fly.

To begin with, language skills can be better learned through reading for pleasure than through watching TV for entertainment. At its best, television can be educational as well as entertaining, but nobody wishes to improve his literacy by simply sitting in front of a TV box. Therefore, only by reading can you enlarge your vocabulary. However, it must be made clear that the relation between literacy and reading is like comparing health to sport. One is something practical and the other is something you do because you enjoy it.

The books that help you most in imagination are those that make you think most. In this point, reading for pleasure, both paper-based and on-screen, is far more helpful than watching TV. For example, there is always a book which is opened with expectation and closed with profit: imagination. Unluckily, some people's love of books is lost influenced by television, which is considered as a decline in thinking abilities.

On the whole, watching TV is largely harmless as an entertainment and information tool, but there is no better way to improve your language skills and imagination than reading for pleasure. For those who would continue to enjoy reading, there is a paradise（天堂） not yet being lost. Having got an amount of language skills through wide reading, you might as well imagine that such a paradise would not be very unlike a kind of library.

According to a recent study, a new genetically modified rice can prevent infections of HIV, the virus responsible for the disease AIDS.

The study reports the newly-developed rice produces proteins that attach directly to the HIV virus. This process prevents the virus from mixing with human cells. The scientists say it can remove the effect of the virus and block its spreading.

The Joint United Nations Program on HIV/AIDS reports that worldwide, nearly 37 million people were living with HIV in 2017. The organization says the largest number of those are in developing countries. Nearly two-thirds of HIV cases are in Africa. Now there is no cure for HIV/AIDS though there have been developments in oral drug treatments to slow the progression of the disease.

The new study predicts the rice-based method will lead to long-term use of the anti-HIV treatment across the developing world. Researchers said the “groundbreaking” discovery is “realistically the only way” that anti-HIV combination treatments can be produced at a cost low enough for the developing world.

They say the easiest and most cost-effective way to use the rice will be to make it into a cream to be put on the skin. The HIV-fighting proteins can then enter the body through the skin. People all over the world could grow the rice and make the cream themselves. This would prevent the cost and travel required for many patients to receive treatments and medicine.

The process of changing the genetic structure of food crops has been debated for some time. Critics of genetically engineered crops believe they can harm people. The scientific team says further testing is needed to ensure that the genetic engineering process does not produce any additional chemicals that could be dangerous to people.

There are a mass of myths about reindeer, and at least one of them is true: They live in far-off areas that get plentiful snow. Living in that winter wonderland can be a challenge when your favorite food is white, but scientists have been aware of for a while that reindeer’s vision is peculiar and that they can detect ultraviolet light (紫外线), which can directly pass through eyes’ tissues and make contact with the retina (视网膜) in reindeer but can be harmful to human eyes.

One potential explanation for its special vision is protection from predators. A white wolf on snow might be difficult to be seen for human but appear darker to a reindeer due to the reflection of ultraviolet light by snow and absorption by the wolf’s hair. That also applies to finding food. For reindeer, their diet is mostly comprised of lichens (地衣), some of which are white and can get covered in snow. So a research team focused on the particular lichens that reindeer eat to figure out how the organisms’ interaction with light affected how the reindeer would see them. Dominy explained that, just like the wolves, the lichens pop out against the white snow for a reindeer looking around for food.

What is likewise vital for reindeer is that an extra layer in their retinas adjusts in the winter — when it’s snowy and dark — to become more sensitive to that ultraviolet light. Robert Fosbury, a retired astrophysicist who now studies the relationship between light and life, said that extra layer is common among many animals, but not its variability. Reindeer vision is very special in that it’s really the only animal that is known to dramatically change its visual capabilities between the winter and the summer.

There’s still more to learn about the reindeer’s eyes, like whether eating those lichens can even protect them against potential damage from the ultraviolet light. In the meantime. Dominy said one definite way you and your kids can keep those special eyes healthy is with vitamin C, which has been shown to shield eyes from ultraviolet light damage.