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Why you shouldn't punish your kids for lying

Getting your children to stop lying is challenging. There are many influences(TV,movies and video games)in which lies are common. Children see parents lie to others,if only to be polite. Most parents add to that with tales about the lives and activities of Santa Claus or the tooth fairy. 【小题1】

The most common reactions to children who lie are explaining why it is wrong and punishments. 【小题2】 Here are three better tools supported by research to use instead.

Give praise: You could ask your child to say something that happened at school that is true. When your child obeys, praise him enthusiastically. Be specific. 【小题3】 and give your child a hug or a high five. Aim for one or two interactions(互动)like this a day. If you happen to "catch" your child in a lie,say something like,“That is not true and could get you in trouble outside of the home.”

Act as a model: Explicitly(明确地)tell the truth. This could be about something that happened when you were a child or something that happened during the day. It need not be dramatic. Another option is to play a game at dinner. Each person tells one thing that was true that day. Again,give a little praise to the child who normally lies if she plays along.

Decrease punishments and moralizing(说教):They are unlikely to change behavior or develop the conduct you want. 【小题4】 Rather,use very mild punishments(light scolding,short loss of privileges,a brief timeout). More severe punishments(shouting,taking away something for a week,hitting)are not more effective in actually changing the frequency of lying.

【小题5】 Usually they can be dropped by then. It is unlikely that lying will be completely removed,but with the right encouragement,it can be dramatically lessened.

A.It is not what that is,but about practice.
B.As ways of changing behavior,these are ineffective.
C.That does not mean ignoring,lying or letting it go.
D.“That was great!You told me what happened just like I asked. Wow!”
E.Try these procedures for two to three weeks and see where you are.
F.“You did a good job,but what you said was not what I'd like to know!”
G.Parents do this out of love,but for some children,lying can become a problem.
2018·湖南长沙·一模
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How to Overcome Jealousy

Everyone feels a little jealous once in a while — maybe someone was acting better than you, or maybe your best friend has been having much fun with a new coworker.

However, 【小题1】 they can actually cause a conflict between you and the person you want to be closest to. To save the relationship and get some peace of mind, take some time to sort through your feelings before you act on them.

Admit how you’re feeling to yourself before you do anything else. If you notice you’re feeling a little jealous, take a few minutes to check in with yourself. It’s perfectly normal to get jealous once in a while, so don’t judge your feelings — just let yourself acknowledge that’s what’s going on.【小题2】.

Don’t act on your jealousy while you’re upset.【小题3】. There’s nothing wrong with simply feeling jealous — it happens to everyone, However, feeling jealous doesn’t mean you have to withdraw from your partner, or accuse them of anything. If you can observe how you’re feeling without acting on it, you may actually feel your jealousy starting to decrease.

【小题4】. Focus on your positive qualities. Jealousy can sometimes be rooted in insecurity and low self-esteem. However, it’s really important to remember that you re unique, with your own special talents. When you can embrace these, you’ll be less likely to feel jealous or insecure.

Remember that other people have problems, too.【小题5】. That can sometimes fuel jealous feelings, because you might feel like you want what they have, or that they can come and take what you have. Don’t fall into that trap, though, — other people often have problems that you never know about, no matter what their life looks like from the outside.

A.if jealous thoughts become really disturbing.
B.when you are always jealous of someone.
C.Take some time to cool off so you won’t say anything you’ll regret.
D.It can be really inviting to look at other people and think they have a perfect life.
E.Embrace yourself for who you are.
F.Reflect on the root of your jealous feelings.
G.Sometimes, just naming our emotions can help us start to get some control over them.

Teens are not always the easiest people in the world to understand or talk to. They can be complex and moody, with their minds changing between childhood and adulthood.【小题1】Let's talk some ways to talk with teens easily.

Start a conversation at the dinner table. Create quality family time and encourage conversation during dinner.【小题2】That way, you can all focus your attention on the dinner conversation. Try to get to know your teen as a person. Ask them about television shows they're watching, or books they're reading. Share your own favorite shows or books.

【小题3】If you're spending a lot of time in the car with your teen as their designated chauffeur, make the most of the driving time and use it to talk. For some drivers, talking in the car can be distracting. So focus more on introducing topics of conversation and then listening to your teen's responses.

One way to start a conversation at night is to greet your teen after a night out and offer them a snack. This will show them that you are available for a chat about their night.【小题4】Try to talk about things that may interest your teen. No matter what your teen's interests are, you should be open to talking about them. You should try to show genuine interest in what your teen enjoys discussing.【小题5】This ensures you are giving your teen enough time and attention to talk about their interests.

A.You are good at communication.
B.Use time in the car for a conversation.
C.A good rule is to listen twice as much as you speak.
D.Many adults can hardly learn what the teens want.
E.But this doesn't mean it's impossible to talk with teens.
F.After time with their friends, your teen may share more with you.
G.Ask everyone to turn off their cellphones or leave them in another room.

Golden Rules of Good Design What makes good design? Over the years, designers and artists have been trying to capture the essentials of good design. 【小题1】There are four as follows.

Less is more. This saying is associated with the German-born architect Mies van der Rohe. In his Modernist view, beauty lies in simplicity and elegance.【小题2】Design should avoid unnecessary decorations.

【小题3】The American-born architect Robert Venturi concluded that if simplicity is done badly, the result is soulless design. Post-Modernist designers began to experiment with decoration and color again. Product design was heavily influenced by this view and can be seen in kitchen appliance such as ovens and kettles.

Fitness for purpose. Successful product design takes into consideration a product's function, purpose, shape, form, color, and so on. 【小题4】For example, think of an adjustable desk lamp. It needs to be constructed from materials that will stand the heat of the lamp and regular adjustments by the user. It also needs to be stable. Most importantly, it needs to direct light where it is needed.

Form follows emotion. This phrase is associated with the German designer Hartmut Esslinger.

【小题5】These are as important as rational(理性的). When choosing everyday products such as toothpaste, we appreciate a cool-looking device that allows us to easily squeeze(挤) the toothpaste onto our brush.

A.Beauty is a joy forever.
B.They have found that some sayings can help people understand the ideas of good design.
C.And the aim of the designer is to create solutions to problems through the most efficient means.
D.The most important result for the user is that the product does what is intended.
E.More is not a bore.
F.According to him, passion and commitment are two elements essential to a successful designer.
G.He believes design must take into account the sensory side of our nature-sight, smell, touch and taste.

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