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Australia is becoming an increasingly lonely place, so much so that one party is turning it into an election issue. Social isolation affects one in ten Australians, while one in six experience periods of emotional loneliness. As the Australian population gets older, rates of social isolation are expected to increase.
In Victoria, one political party thinks the problem is so severe it requires government involvement with it. Fiona Patten, the upper house MP, has proposed that Victoria introduce a minister for loneliness to work across health, infrastructure, justice and communities portfolios, and handle what experts say is becoming a growing health problem.
Scarce public transport options, a lack of support for people with disabilities to engage in community events and satellite suburbs that force long commutes and leave little time for socialisation have all been identified as possible structural triggers. “We know that everyone is at risk of loneliness in periods of life transition,” says Tegan Cruwys, a psychological research fellow at Australian National University. “Whether that’s moving to university, becoming a mum, retiring from the workforce, changing jobs, moving cities. If you were someone who experienced loneliness during life transitions, that has less to do with you and much more to do with the world in which you are living.”
Kevin O’Neill is 56 and divorced in his early 40s. He says the transition from living with a wife and kids to living alone was tough. Things improved when he moved back to Keilor in Melbourne’s northern suburbs and reconnected with friends he grew up with.
Avril Hannah-Jones, a Uniting Church minister, is also considering the risks associated with that transition. “At the moment the time I spend alone is by choice, and is a relaxation from a very people-oriented job,” she says. “Maybe in retirement, if being alone is no longer by choice, I’ll feel more lonely.”
Brook says retirees can protect against the health risks of loneliness by joining one or two community groups or volunteer communities. “If you’re 65 and you retire and you just sort of potter around the house … your chances of dying within six years are 12% – that’s an early death,” she says. “If you retire at 65 and you join one interest group ... choir, knitting, woodworking, men’s shed, anything, your chances of dying in that six years has reduced by half.”
The risk of an early death decreases with every group or meaningful activity you join. “I think that’s a really profoundly simple but profoundly powerful message of optimism about this issue.” Cruwys says the social risk of retirement should be discussed and planned for as openly as the financial risks. There is a demonstrated connection between being financially strained, such as living on welfare or the pension, and an increased sense of isolation. “Staying connected costs money, so more financial aids should be provided, ” she says.
‘Loneliness minister’ proposed to handle Australian social isolation | |
| Introduction to the problem | ♦ Ten percent of Australians are affected by social isolation, while a higher ♦ With the Australian population ♦ The ♦ Fiona Patten has advised that Victoria introduce a minister for loneliness to handle the growing health problem. |
| Causes of the problem | ♦ Inconvenient ♦ Everyone is most likely to feel lonely when their life changes from one state to another. ♦ Loneliness has more to do with the world where one is living than with ♦ Being financially strained is connected with an increased sense of being |
| ♦ After ♦ Retirees will ♦ Offering financial aids to retirees is another way to | |
Becoming a self-actualized person means becoming someone who has reached their full potential (潜力) .College is where you can explore and slowly build yourself into the kind of person you want to be. Here’s some advice that will make the journey easier for you.
Take care of yourself before anything. Reaching your full potential is the final level of Maslow’s Hierarchy of needs (马斯洛需层次理论) .
Never stop learning. Learning doesn’t stop when you leave college. In fact, you should make it a point to keep learning as long as you’re alive. Whatever job you choose, there’s always going to be new knowledge.
Find something fun in everything. It’s fine to admit that certain topics are difficult to understand immediately. But considering them as boring will only annoy you and make the learning process harder.
Reaching your full potential is an ongoing life-long process.
| A．Organize your time effectively. |
| B．Balance your study and hobbies. |
| C．The willingness to continue learning will take you far in life. |
| D．To really get pleasure from learning, you must keep an open mind. |
| E．With the idea that it’s boring, you’ll never find it any easier to learn. |
| F．It requires you to satisfy your needs for health, safety and new experiences. |
| G．This means you have to meet your basic needs first before you consider your dreams. |
Worry problems are everywhere in our daily life. How to solve them? The answer is that we must equip ourselves to handle different kinds of worries by learning the three basic steps of problem analysis. The three steps are:
Get the facts
Why is it so important to get the facts? Unless you have the facts, you can’t possibly attempt to solve your problem intelligently. Without the facts, all you can do is wondering around in confusion.
When trying to get the facts, you can pretend that you are collecting this information not for yourself but for some other person. This will help you to take a cold and fair view of the evidence. You can also pretend that you are a lawyer preparing to agree.
Analyze the facts
Unless you take your action, all you face — finding and analysing — is a waste of energy. How can you break the worry habit before it breaks you? Move worry out of your mind by keeping busy.
| A．Act on that decision. |
| B．It is not an easy job to get facts. |
| C．Decide how much anxiety a thing may be worth. |
| D．Plenty of action is one of the best ways to cure worry. |
| E．There comes a time when you must decide and never look back. |
| F．Try to get all the facts both on your side and the other side of the case. |
| G．Whenever you are worried, write down the questions that make you worry. |
To reduce the spread of the pandemic (流行病), Corona Virus, our product manager has announced businesses to start working from home. For those who are working from home, dealing with this situation can be challenging.
Create a work area. Your first challenge is to pick a corner in the home and create a work-space that is perfect for work from home.
Learn technologies. It is important to learn technology for smoother communication. You can make use of Google Hangouts, Slack or other video tools for messaging.
Ensure proper lighting is there.
| A．Be organized |
| B．Create a private area |
| C．Here’s how you can master it |
| D．Certain apps can help you to organize the day |
| E．Find out the right furniture and ensure it is comfortable |
| F．These tools can help you to communicate with your co workers effectively |
| G．It is important to choose that corner of the home where there is proper lighting |
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