试题详情
阅读理解-阅读单选 困难0.15 引用2 组卷385

A stout old lady was walking with her basket down the middle of a street in Petrograd to the great confusion of the traffic and with no small danger to herself. It was pointed out to her that the pavement was the place for pedestrians, bat she replied: “I’m going to walk where I like. We’ve got liberty now.” It did not occur to the dear old lady that if liberty allowed the pedestrian to walk down the middle of the road, then the end of such liberty would be universal chaos. Everybody would be getting in everybody else’s way and nobody would get anywhere. Individual liberty would have become social anarchy(无政府主义).

There is a danger of the world getting liberty-drunk in these days like the old lady with the basket, and it is just as well to remind ourselves of what the rule of the road means. It means that in order that the liberties of all may be preserved, the liberties of everybody must be curtailed (削减). When the policeman, say, at Piccadilly Circus steps into the middle of the road and puts out his hand, he is the symbol not of tyranny(专制),but of liberty. You may not think so. You may, being in a hurry, and seeing your car pulled up by this rude officer, feel that your liberty has been outraged. How dare this fellow interfere with your free use of the public highway? Then, if you are a reasonable person, you will reflect that if he did not interfere with you, he would interfere with no one, and the result would be that Piccadilly Circus would be in chaos that you would never cross at all. You have to curtail your private liberty in order that you may enjoy a social order which makes your liberty a reality.

Liberty is not a personal affair only, but a social contract. It is an accommodation of interests. In matters which do not touch anybody else’s liberty, of course, I may be as free as I like. If I choose to go down the road in a dressing-gown who shall say me no? You have liberty to laugh at me, but I have liberty to be indifferent to you. And if I have a fancy for dyeing my hair, or wearing an overcoat and sandals, or going to bed late or getting up early, I shall follow my fancy and ask no man’s permission. I shall not inquire of you whether I may eat mustard with my mutton. And you will not ask me whether you may follow this religion or that, whether you may prefer Ella Wheeler Wilcox to Wordsworth.

In all these and a thousand other details you and I please ourselves and ask no one’s leave. We have a whole kingdom in which we rule alone, can do what we choose, be wise or ridiculous, harsh or easy, conventional or odd. But directly we step out of that kingdom, our personal liberty of action becomes qualified by other people’s liberty. I might like to practice on the trumpet from midnight till three in the morning. If I went on to the top of Everest to do it, I could please myself, but if I do it in my bedroom my family will object, and if I do it out in the streets the neighbors will remind me that my liberty to blow the trumpet must not interfere with their liberty to sleep in quiet. There are a lot of people in the world, and I have to accommodate my liberty to their liberties.

We are all likely to forget this, and unfortunately we are much more conscious of the imperfections of others in this respect than of our own. A reasonable consideration for the rights or feelings of others is the foundation of social conduct.

It is in the small matters of conduct, in the observance of the rule of the road, that we pass judgment upon ourselves, and declare that we are civilized or uncivilized. The great moments of heroism and sacrifice are rare. It is the little habits of commonplace intercourse that make up the great sum of life and sweeten or make bitter the journey.

【小题1】The author might regard his “rule of the road” as_________.
A.not walking in the middle of the roadB.following the orders of policemen
C.behaving considerately in publicD.doing what you like in private
【小题2】By saying “the dear old lady”, the author thinks that the lady is _________.
A.ridiculousB.impolite
C.intolerableD.irresponsible
【小题3】The underlined word “qualified” in paragraph 4 is closest in meaning to_________.
A.acceptedB.prohibited
C.educatedD.limited
【小题4】The author believes that he may be as free as he likes_________.
A.when he stays in his own homeB.if he doesn’t interrupt others’ liberty
C.if he doesn’t go against the lawD.when no one pays attention to him
【小题5】In the author’s opinion, _________is the best way to maintain social orders.
A.obeying the authoritiesB.correcting others’ improper acts
C.making personal sacrificesD.being thoughtful in small things
【小题6】Which of the sentences best sums up the author’s main point?
A.“Individual liberty would have become social anarchy.”       (paragraph 1)
B.“ There is a danger of the world getting liberty-drunk…”       (paragraph 2)
C.“A reasonable consideration for the rights or feelings…”       (paragraph 5)
D.“ The great moments of heroism and sacrifice are rare. ” (paragraph 6)
18-19高三·江苏扬州·期中
知识点:哲理感悟议论文 答案解析 【答案】很抱歉,登录后才可免费查看答案和解析!
类题推荐

Exams never made me break out in a nervous sweat with tears threatening to ruin my already-trembling façade — but this one did. Even booking my piano exam reduced me to a blubbering mess of anxiety.

I feel permanently scarred inside churches — no longer admiring their beauty because, over the years, I have received such terrible marks from examiners hiding behind the stained-glass partitions. Despite being 15 — too old, too cool to be frightened — I remember trembling inside the bathroom stalls before my tests. I wished I never had to play in front of others.

But this time, after booking my Level 8 Royal Conservatory of Music piano exam, I went back to my normal routine. A little practice here, a little practice there. And then it happened.

My trusty, 10-year-old electric piano gave out. Middle C started to sound like an F-sharp and all other keys sounded like they were a fourth above their natural tone. Thankfully, my precious, boredom-saving buttons still worked. I could still change my piano’s settings from “piano” to “harpsichord .” I admit, it was a lot of fun banging on my wacky keys. Each note bonged like the sound on children’s TV shows when a character repeatedly runs into a wall.

Goofiness aside, I had to get my act together. I hated practicing but I really wanted a good mark. When I told my father what had happened to my piano, he only glared at me with disappointment, “When I was your age, I learned to be resourceful.”

Hmm. I had a broken piano, an exam coming up in a few months and a father who refused to buy me a new piano because he wanted to teach me a “life lesson”. I finally came upon a decision: I’d practice at school.

Going to a private school had to have its benefits, so I looked for a place to play. The school had many pianos but only a few in tune. Within a few days of searching, my piano books, my artistic best friend and I headed off to a music room at every available opportunity.

I loved finding new pianos in hidden corners of the school and I laughed at the dusty old historic pianos. They really had character. I spent hours in those music rooms while my friend honed her art skills in sketching and drawing. She suffered through my annoying, repetitive scales while I looked over my shoulder once in a while and admired her work. Not only did I become a better musician, but I also managed to gain a few subpar skills as an art critic.

As my exam drew close, all the music teachers knew to look for me in the piano rooms during recess, after school and late on Fridays. In anticipation of my assessment, one of my music teachers let me perform for her as a mini practice exam. To my surprise, she was greatly impressed.

Within a few months I went from not caring about my playing to feeling actually, maybe, kind of proud of my work. And over countless hours spent in my favorite, soundproof music room, I discovered that behind the piano, I could become anyone. Talking to other people never came easy to me, but I was able to express myself through music. I became overjoyed. It was like I had developed a sixth sense, one that only musicians could understand.

When I played, my worries about what others thought of me and how I viewed myself merged to reveal who I really am. All my adolescent musings made me feel like I was in a cage, but music gave me the key. Sitting behind a piano and creating music combined the movement of my body and the inner workings of my heart.

Music had never been the love of my life but that was changing. I loved the idea of being on a stage and creating something for others to enjoy and remember. Actually, it wasn’t a something, but rather a feeling that the audience would carry outside into a world where music wasn’t the only thing that people cared for.

When the time came to play in front of an examiner, instead of fearing my judge, I feared nothing but being unable to represent all my hard work. All the anxiety I had about going up on stage dimmed, and when the lights went on, all I could think about was the marvellous journey I’d had to get here. Trilling the keys reminded me of when I’d spent nearly two hours alone in a music room, more content than I had been anywhere else. Playing the melody reminded me of the bittersweet music experiences of past years.

Many days later, I received my mark. Not only did I earn a rarely mentioned “well done” and an 82 per cent, I had rewritten what music meant to me.

Now whenever I get caught up in the daily struggle, I remember the hard work that it took to reach my goal. Whenever I feel discouraged, I never forget to look at the gleaming keys of my new upright piano. As my father always says, some lessons are just learned the hard way.

【小题1】What made the author so stressful inside churches these years?
A.The religious atmosphere.B.The artistic performance.
C.The horrible surroundings.D.Her colorful fantasy.
【小题2】What can be inferred according to the underlined sentence in Para 5?
A.The author’s family was too poor to afford a new piano.
B.The father was quite angry about the author’s bad behavior.
C.The author showed great dissatisfaction about her father.
D.The father wanted the author to address the problem independently.
【小题3】Which of the following word has the closest meaning to the underlined word in Para 11?
A.mixedB.separatedC.interactedD.exploited
【小题4】The author changed her attitude towards music mainly because________.
A.Her good friend accompanied her to get through hard time.
B.Her teachers treated her much better than before.
C.Her family supported her quite well.
D.Her own understanding of musical value.
【小题5】Which of the following indicates the change of the author’s feelings?
A.Nervous — disappointed — angry — calm
B.Curious — frustrated — hopeful — grateful
C.Frightened — indifferent — passionate — proud
D.Depressed — satisfied — disappointed — peaceful
【小题6】What might be the best title of this passage?
A.An important Music Test
B.A Hard but Enjoyable Life
C.The Key to Happiness
D.My Favourite Piano

Life is difficult.

What do you think about life? Maybe most people say that life is difficult. But life is no longer difficult once we truly understand and accept it. Most people do not fully see this truth. Instead, they complain about their problems and difficulties as if life should be easy. It seems to them that their difficulties represent a special kind of suffering especially forced upon them or their families, their class, or even their nation.

What makes life difficult is that the process of facing and solving problems is a painful one. Problems, depending on their nature, cause us sadness or loneliness or regret or anger or fear. These are uncomfortable feelings, often as painful as any kind of physical pain. And since life causes an endless series of problems, life is always difficult and is full of pain as well as joy.

Yet, it is in this whole process of solving problems that life has its meaning.

Problems are the serious test that tells success from failure. When we desire to encourage the growth of the human spirit, we encourage the human ability to solve problems, just as in school we set problems for our children to solve. It is through the pain of meeting and working out problems that we learn. As Benjamin Franklin said, “Those things that hurt instruct.” It is for this reason that wise people learn not to fear but to welcome the pain of problems.

【小题1】The writer probably used just one short sentence in the first paragraph to _________.
A.get readers’ attentionB.argue with readers
C.give an exampleD.show his opinion
【小题2】The saying from Benjamin Franklin “Those things that hurt instruct.” suggests that _________.
A.we do not learn from experience
B.we do not learn when we are in pain
C.pain teaches us important lessons
D.the pain of problems is not welcome
【小题3】The passage mainly tells us that _________.
A.life is difficult because our problems bring us pain
B.people like to complain about their problems
C.we become stronger by facing and solving the problems of life
D.everybody has problems

Philosophers have a bad reputation for expressing themselves in a dry and boring way. The ideals for most philosophical writing are precision, clarity, and the sort of conceptual analysis that leaves no hair un-split.

There is nothing wrong with clarity, precision, and the like — but this isn’t the only way to do philosophy. Outside academic journals, abstract philosophical ideas are often expressed through literature, cinema, and song. There’s nothing that grabs attention like a good story, and there are some great philosophical stories that delight and engage, rather than putting the reader to sleep.

One of the great things about this is that, unlike formal philosophy, which tries to be very clear, stories don’t wear their meanings on their sleeve — they require interpretation, and often express conflicting ideas for the reader to wrestle with.

Consider what philosophers call the metaphysics (形而上学) of race — an area of philosophy that explorers the question of whether or not race is real. There are three main positions that you can take on these questions. You might think that a person’s race is written in their genes (a position known as “biological realism”). Or you might think of race as socially real, like days of the week or currencies (“social constructionism”). Finally, you might think that races are unreal — that they’re more like leprechauns (一种魔法精灵) than they are like Thursdays or dollars (“anti-realism”).

A great example of a story with social constructionist taking on race is George Schuyler’s novel Black No More. In the book, a Black scientist named Crookman invents a procedure that makes Black people visually indistinguishable from Whites. Thousands of African Americans flock to Crookman’s Black No More clinics and pay him their hard-earned cash to undergo the procedure. White racists can no longer distinguish those people who are “really” White from those who merely appear to be White. In a final episode, Crookman discovers that new Whites are actually a whiter shade of pale than those who were born that way, which kicks off a trend of sunbathing to darken one’s skin-darkening it so as to look more While.

Philosophically rich stories like this bring more technical works to life. They are stories to think with.

【小题1】What does the author think of philosophical stories?
A.The meaning behind is very obvious.
B.They am extremely precise and formal.
C.They often cause conflicts among readers.
D.They are engaging and inspire critical thinking.
【小题2】Which category might “Christmas” fall into according to paragraph 4?
A.Social constructionism.B.Anti-realism.
C.Biological realism.D.Literary realism.
【小题3】What is Black No More in paragraph 5 mainly about?
A.Racial issues caused by skin colors.
B.A society view on race and self-image.
C.Black people accepted by the white society.
D.The origin of sun bathing among white people.
【小题4】What is the best title of the text?
A.Stories Made EasyB.Stories to Think with
C.Positions in PhilosophyD.Nature of Philosophical Writing

组卷网是一个信息分享及获取的平台,不能确保所有知识产权权属清晰,如您发现相关试题侵犯您的合法权益,请联系组卷网