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Memory, they say, is a matter of practice and exercise. If you have the wish and really make a conscious (自觉的) effort, then you can quite easily improve your ability to remember things. But even if you are successful, there are times when your memory seems to play tricks on you.

Sometimes you remember things that really did not happen. One morning last week, for example, I got up and found that I had left the front door unlocked all night, yet I clearly remember locking it carefully the night before.

Memory “tricks” work the other way as well. Once in a while you remember not doing something, and then find out that you did. One day last month, for example, I was sitting in a barber(理发师) shop waiting for my turn to get a haircut, and suddenly I realized that I had got a haircut two days before at the barber shop across the street from my office.

We always seem to find something funny and amusing in incidents caused by people’s forgetfulness or absent-mindedness. Stories about absent-minded professors have been told for years, and we never get tired of hearing new ones. Unfortunately, however, absent-mindedness is not always funny. There are times when “tricks” of our memory can cause us great trouble.

【小题1】If we want to have a good memory, _______.
A.we should force ourselves to remember things
B.we should make a conscious effort of practice and exercise
C.we should never stop learning
D.we should try hard to remember things
【小题2】Which of the following statements is true according to the passage?
A.One night the writer forgot to lock the front door.
B.One night the writer forgot having locked the front door.
C.The writer remembered to lock the door.
D.The writer remembered unlocking the front door.
【小题3】From the underlined sentence, we can infer that _______.
A.we enjoy hearing new stories about absent-mindedness of professors
B.we don’t want to know anything more about absent-mindedness of professors
C.we will never get tired of listening to new stories about absent-mindedness
D.absent-mindedness happens not only to professors but to many other people
【小题4】In the passage, the writer seems to tell us _______.
A.forgetting things is serious and dangerousB.always forgetting things is understandable
C.forgetting things at times is naturalD.the way to protect yourself from memory “tricks”
【小题5】The best title for this passage is _______.
A.How to Get a Good MemoryB.“Tricks” of Memory
C.Forgetfulness and Absent-mindedness is DangerousD.Get Rid of Absent-mindedness
19-20高一上·天津静海·期中
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During the teenage years, hormonal (荷尔蒙的) changes lead to physical changes like rapid muscle growth, burst in height, and weight gain in both boys and girls. Take a look at the information and height and weight charts for teens presented in this article if the question “How much should I weigh for my age and height” is bothering you.

Average Height and weight Charts for TeensFaster growth in kids usually can be noticed at age 8. Genetic factors also determine the physical growth of a child. So, it is perfectly normal for two kids of the same age to have different weights and heights. The following figures should be used as guidelines only.

Ideal Body Fat Percentage

Fit men have 14% -17% body fat. Fit women have 21% - 24% body fat.

Male athletes have 6% - 13% body fat. Female athletes have 14% - 20% body fat.

The ideal body fat percentage varies mainly according to age, sex and the physical activity of the individual. But it is a fact that some female athletes have body fat as low as 10% and some male athletes had lower than 4% body fat. So, it can be observed that other than the above mentioned factors, genetic factors also influence the body-fat ratio (比率).

Body Mass Index (BMI)

You may use the following formula to calculate our BMI:

As per SI Units (国际单位)

BMI= mass (kg)/[height(meters)]2

Following conclusions can be derived from (得到) calculating the BMI:



【小题1】All the factors (that determine the physical growth of a child) are mentioned in the passage EXCEPT _______.
A.nutritionB.geneC.sexD.age
【小题2】According to the Average Height and Weight Charts for Teens, _______.
A.girls keep on growing taller during the teenage years
B.girls grow faster at the end of teenager years than boys
C.girls grow faster at the beginning of teenager years than boys
D.boys’average weight is always heavier than girls’during the teenage years
【小题3】If a boy is 1.5 meters in height and weighs 68 kilograms, then he is _______.
A.normalB.obeseC.extremely obeseD.underweight

Places all over the world are named in similar ways. Quite often there is no official naming ceremony but places tend to be called names as points of reference by people. Then an organized body steps in and gives the place a name. Often it happens that a place has two names: One is named by the people and the other by the government. As in many areas, old habits died hard, and the place continues to be called by its unofficial name long after the meaning is lost.

Many roads and places in Singapore are named in order that the pioneers will be remembered by future generations. Thus we have names such as Stamford Road and Raffles Place. This is in keeping with traditions in many countries—in both the West and the East.

Another way of naming places is naming them after other places. Perhaps they were named to promote friendships between the two places or it could be that the people who used to live there were at first from the places that the roads were named after. The mystery is clearer when we see some of the roads named after former British military bases (军事基地) . If you step into Selector Airbase you will see Piccadilly Circus—obviously named by some homesick Royal Air Force soldiers.

Some places were named after the activities that used to go on at those places. Bras Basah Road is an interesting example, “Base Basah” means “wet rice” in Malay (马来语) . Now why would anyone want to name a road “Wet Rice Road?” The reason is simple. During the pioneering days, wet rice was laid out to dry along this road.

A few roads in Singapore are named by what they look like. There is “Circular Road” for one. Another road Paya Lebar Crescent is called a crescent (月牙) because it begins on the main road, makes a crescent and comes back to join the main road again.

【小题1】What can we learn from Paragraph 1?
A.many places tend to have more than one name
B.the government is usually the first to name a place
C.a ceremony will be held when a place is named
D.people prefer the place names given by the government
【小题2】What does the underlined phrase “die hard” in Paragraph I probably mean?
A.Change suddenly.B.Change greatly.
C.Disappear very slowly.D.Disappear secretly.
【小题3】Which of the following places is named by its shape?
A.Raffles Place.B.Selector Airbase.
C.Piccadilly CircusD.Paya Lebar Crescent.
(You may read the questions first.)

Four types of learners


Type A Learner

People in this group adapt observations into complex but logical theories. They think problems through in a logical way. They tend to be perfectionists who won’t rest easy until everything is reasonable. They like to analyze and are keen on basic principles and theories. They pay great attention to logic, so questions they frequently ask are: “ ________________ ”, and “How does this go with that?”. They tend to be objective, approaching problems in a consistently logical manner. This is their “mental set” and they reject anything that conflicts with it. They prefer to maximize certainty and feel uncomfortable with subjective judgements.


Type B Learner

These people are keen on trying out ideas, theories and techniques to see if they work in practice. They positively search out new ideas and take the first opportunity to experiment with applications. They want to try out the new ideas in the courses in practice. They also tend to be impatient with random discussions, and their attention soon begins to wander if they feel they are going round in circles. They are practical, down to earth and like making practical decisions and solving problems. They see problems and opportunities as a challenge, and their philosophy is: “There is always a better way” and “If it works, it’s good”.


Type C Learner

People in this group involve themselves fully in new experiences. They are open-minded, and this tends to make them enthusiastic about anything new. Their philosophy is: “I’ll try anything once”, so they tend to act first and consider the consequences afterwards. Their days are filled with activities. As soon as the excitement from one activity has died down they are busy looking for the next, as they are only interested in gaining new experiences but are bored with carrying out their plans and they lack perseverance. They constantly involve themselves with others but, in doing so, they seek to center all activities around themselves.


Type D Learner

They collect data, both first-hand and from others, and prefer to think about it thoroughly before coming to a conclusion. The thorough collection and analysis of data about experiences and events is what counts so they tend to postpone making definitive judgments for as long as possible. Their philosophy is to be cautious. They like to consider all possible angles before making a move, and will be reluctant to become involved in activities that others put forward without having carefully considered the likely outcome.

【小题1】Which of the following can be put into the blank in the first paragraph?
A.Do we need more experiments?B.Do you understand me?
C.Do you believe the theory?D.Does it make sense?
【小题2】Suppose John is a person with fresh ideas and willing to check everything out to see what happens. Which type of learner is John?
A.Type A LearnerB.Type B Learner
C.Type C LearnerD.Type D Learner
【小题3】Which of the following is NOT true about Type D learner?
A.They are keen on making immediate conclusion.
B.Their conclusion comes after data analysis.
C.They outline a possible outcome before taking an activity.
D.They prefer not to give out their viewpoints randomly.

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