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People have been enjoying the benefits of cycling(骑自行车) in Amsterdam(阿姆斯特丹) for years. It is a good city for cycling because it is flat and there are plenty of places for bicycle parking. Today some people call Amsterdam “City of Bicycles” because of the convenience for bicycles there.


In the 1960s, a group of cycling fans had an idea. They believed that it would be better for everybody if cars weren’t allowed in the city center and only bicycles were. They were hopeful that this would help to save energy, reduce pollution and provide free public transport. The group painted hundreds of bicycles white and placed them in lots of neighborhoods around Amsterdam for people to use. Then a problem came-- thieves took all the bicycles within weeks!

However, more than thirty years later, the “white bike’ is back in town--this time with a computer chip(芯片) to record its every move! To take a bicycle, you have to insert(插入) a special card. The new “ white bike” is not actually white but is an unusual design with bright colours. The bikes are parked at special parking places and people who want to use them have to take them to another special parking place that has enough room.

There is already less traffic in central Amsterdam, because both locals and tourists have been using the white bikes. Instead, thanks to the good ideas of lots of people, like the cycling fans in the 1960s, many people around the world have been enjoying city centre streets without cars many years.

【小题1】Amsterdam is called the “City of Bicycles” because of_________.
A.the cycling fans thereB.the appearance for bicycles
C.the convenience of bicyclesD.the quality of bicycles
【小题2】In the 1960s, some cycling fans hoped bikes could_________.
A.be specially designedB.help to save energy
C.be placed anywhereD.be painted in different colours
【小题3】Why did the first “white bike” plan fail?
A.There were not enough parking places.
B.The government allowed people to drive cars freely.
C.Thieves took all the bikes within weeks.
D.People were tired of riding bikes.
【小题4】What do people use if they want to take a “white bike” in the city?
A.A special computer.B.A common chip.
C.A special card.D.A white key.
18-19高二上·安徽铜陵·阶段练习
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Plenty of cars in ads are red, blue or green, but almost three fifths of new cars sold are black, white, silver or grey.

A survey shows people prefer the colors of cars that don’t show dirt such as grey. That means the owners can wash their cars less, saving money. Besides, some areas that are short of water do not allow people to wash their cars often.

According to another survey, white cars are often sold more than cars of other colors. And the research also suggests that there is a lower risk of accidents during the day for white cars compared with darker ones. People also think the temperature inside white cars is lower than that inside cars of other colors.

At present, every year about 11 percent of cars sold are red and 8 percent are blue. Green has become less popular. In the mid-1990s, green was the most popular color in many places of the world. But today, green cars are hard to find.

Sometime in the future, people may not have to choose the color of their car because technology may let owners change their car’s paint color anytime.

【小题1】Which of the following car colors doesn’t often appear in advertisements?
A.Green.B.Blue.C.Red.D.Silver.
【小题2】What’s the Chinese meaning of “short of” in Paragraph 2?
A.改善B.缺少C.利用D.节约
【小题3】People think the temperature inside cars of other colors is          than that inside white cars.
A.lowerB.no lowerC.higherD.not higher
【小题4】Which of the following is NOT mentioned?
A.Many new cars sold are black, white, silver or grey.
B.The reason why people like grey cars.
C.The reason why white cars are often sold more than cars of other colors.
D.The reason why people don’t choose green cars.
【小题5】Which of the following is not the dark colors according to the passage?
A.White.B.Green.C.Bue.D.Red.

The world has been extremely impressed by China's high-speed trains that cross the country by the hundreds in all directions every day, but in one corner of this vast land is a gentle reminder that life was not always this fast.

Those fortunate enough to travel to Jiayang in Sichuan province will find railway carriages dragged by steam locomotives(火车头), among the last steam trains operating in China and still running every day. First used to transport coal from Jiayang Coal Mine 62 years ago, today they transport local farmers and their produce to market and serve as a tourist attraction.

“In the early days of the railway, farmers headed for the farm produce market sitting beside coal,” said Liu Chengxi, the Jiayang official in charge of the trains. “As coal production has stopped, the trains are now exclusively(专门地)for farmers and tourists.”

The narrow railway, only 76.2 cm instead of the standard 144 cm, stretches for 19. 84 km, with the trains reaching a top speed of 20 km/h.

A one-way ticket costs 5 yuan for seated passengers and 3 yuan for standing passengers on the ordinary trains regardless of whether they are travelling empty-handed or with animals or vegetables. But Li Cuirong, who has worked as a train dispatcher(调度员)for more than 20 years, recommends tourists pay 80 yuan for a sightseeing train, as the carriages, which have 37 seats, are more comfortable and air-conditioned. A one-way trip takes about one and a half hours.

The scenery is dramatic as the train winds through the mountain, passengers can view chickens and geese wandering among the orange trees and butterflies dancing over the fields and ponds.

Rob Dickinson, a steam train lover from the United Kingdom, has ridden the trains twice. He hopes the narrow line can last long enough for him to find the time to get back again.

【小题1】What can we learn about the steam-powered trains in Jiayang from the text?
A.They are 144cm wide.
B.They have stopped running.
C.They are used to transport coal.
D.They have become a tourist attraction.
【小题2】Why does Li Cuirong recommend a sight-seeing train for tourists?
A.Because it runs faster.
B.Because it is money-saving.
C.Because it is tourist-friendly.
D.Because it offers a round-way trip.
【小题3】What is implied in Rob Dickenson's words?
A.He can't afford to make another trip.
B.The steam-powered trains appeal to him.
C.He expects the narrow line to be lengthened.
D.The present situation of the railway is worrying.
【小题4】What might be the best title for the text?
A.A deserted mine alive again.
B.A train trip back to a slower age.
C.A subway through the mountain.
D.A produce market open to tourists.
Traffic jam and cities, it seems, go hand in hand. Everyone complains about being stuck in traffic; but, like the weather, no one seems to do anything about it. In particular, traffic engineers, transportation planners, and public officials responsible for transportation systems in large cities are frequently criticized for failing to solve traffic jam.     But is traffic jam a sign of failure? Long queues at restaurants or theater box offices are seen as signs of success. Should transportation systems be viewed any differently? I think we should recognize that traffic jam is an unpreventable by-product of successful cities, and view the “traffic problem” in a different light.
Cities exist because they promote social interactions and economic transactions.Traffic jam occurs where there are lots of people but limited spaces. Culturally and economically successful cities have the worst traffic problems, while decaying cities don’t have much traffic. New York and Los Angeles are America’s most crowded cities. But if you want access to major brokerage houses (经纪行), you will find them easier to reach in crowded New York than in any other large cities. And if your firm needs access to post-production film editors or satellite-guidance engineers, you will reach them more quickly through the crowded freeways of LA than through less crowded roads elsewhere.
Despite traffic jam, a larger number and wider variety of social interactions and economic transactions can be made perfect in large, crowded cities than elsewhere. Seen in this sight, traffic jam is an unfortunate consequence of prosperity, not a cause of economic decline and urban decay.
So while we can consider traffic jam as increasing costs on the areas of big cities, the costs of inaccessibility (交通不便) in uncrowded places are almost certainly greater.
There is no doubt that traffic jam brings the terrible economic and environmental damage in places like Bangkok, Jakarta, and Lagos. But mobility is far higher and traffic jam levels are far lower here in the US, even in our most crowded cities. That’s why, for now, we don’t see people and capital streaming out of San Francisco and Chicago, heading for cities like California, and Illinois.
【小题1】We can conclude from the first paragraph that_______.
A.traffic jam and weather are the two factors preventing the development of the big city
B.traffic jam seems to be very difficult to deal with
C.if traffic engineers try their best, traffic jam can be solved
D.public officials are always criticized for misusing their power
【小题2】According to the passage, what’s the author’s opinion towards traffic jam?
A.Traffic jam is unavoidable in any cities.
B.Traffic jam is both a sign of failure and a sign of success.
C.Traffic jam is one of the consequences of successful cities.
D.Traffic jam is a cause of economic decline.
【小题3】By saying “decaying” (in Para. 4), the writer probably means_______.
A.decliningB.developingC.rich and successfulD.strong and healthy
【小题4】According to this article, which statement about “New York” and “Los Angeles” is true?
A.The traffic jam in the two cities has been worsened.
B.New York and Los Angeles are the least successful cities in the US.
C.It is easier to reach major brokerage houses in the two cities than in other cities.
D.Despite the traffic jam in LA, you’ll find a satellite-guidance engineer more quickly there.

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