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When you see someone you know, the easiest way to recognize them is by their face—but not everyone can do this. Many people have prosopagnosia, or face blindness, which is a neurological(神经病学的)condition where the part o the brain that recognizes faces fails to develop. It can stop people recognizing partners, family members, friends or even their own reflection. It was once though to be caused by brain injury (acquired prosopagnosia) but now a genetic link has been proved (development prosopagnosia).

Acquired prosopagnosia is a very rare but as many as one in 50 people may have developmental prosopagnosia. There’s no specific treatment, but training programmes are being developed to help improve facial recognition.

For many, the situation can be dangerous. I’ve heard stories of people being robbed by strangers claiming to be family members, or of children wandering off strange men.

It was only is this century that researchers began to realize exactly how many people in this world were quietly living with the condition.

Like a blind person who can recognize family members by their footsteps, prosopagnosics are forced to develop unusual ways of discovering who it is they’re meeting or talking to. From the obvious markers like hair and voice, to the way one sits, stands or walks, they rely on dozens of means to get through ordinary life.

Faces are an important part of identity. Not to be recognized feels terrible—it’s as if you’ve been overlooked, like someone’s saying you don’t matter. But it’s nothing to the pain of knowing that you’re hurting people’s feelings constantly, and yet being completely unaware that you’re doing it in the moment. To be alienated(隔离的)from the world of faces is a strange position to be in, but I’m comforted by the thought that articles like this will do a little to help people forgive me and others like me.

【小题1】Why do some people have developmental prosopagnosia?
A.Mainly due to brain injury.
B.Mainly due to their life styles.
C.Mainly for biological reasons.
D.Mainly for psychological reasons.
【小题2】What can we learn about prosopagnosia?
A.We can do nothing to deal with it.
B.One fifth of people suffer from it.
C.It can be cured by training programmes.
D.Developmental prosopagnosia is more common.
【小题3】Like a blind person, people with prosopagnosia ________.
A.depend on their families for a normal life.
B.are embarrassed about their condition.
C.are usually laughed at by other people.
D.have special ways to recognize people
【小题4】What can we infer about people with prosopagnosia from the last paragraph?
A.They are unfriendly to others.
B.They feel hurting others doesn’t matter.
C.They often make others feel ignored.
D.They avoid communicating with others.
17-18高二下·湖南岳阳·期末
知识点:方法/策略医疗 科普知识 答案解析 【答案】很抱歉,登录后才可免费查看答案和解析!
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Exercising Could Lower Stress in High Schools

Stress is one of the most serious problems among high school students. Stress can not only affect how students perform in school, but it also changes how they interact (交往) with others. Stressing is a normal (正常的) part of life.

Stress can come from many different places for high school students. From my own experiences, I know that balancing studying, homework, sports, and social life is really tough. Senior high school students have to worry about getting good grades and getting into college.

One way I think we can fight the stress is by exercising. Physical activity has been known to lower stress in teens as well as adults. The enjoyment of physical activity can take a student’s worries off their mind. This is definitely important.

Since students study in school the whole day from 7:30 in the morning, to around 10:30 at night, having limited (有限的) time to do physical activity, I think it would be a good idea to add some sort of physical activity into the school day. Maybe ten or fifteen minutes would be enough.

I think that adding this little amount of physical activity can help high school students in a lot of ways other than just stress relief. I think that it will improve their attention in class, which could improve their grades. These activities can help their physical and mental health, which will benefit them later in life as well as the present. If high school students do exercise regularly, they will be more likely to do better in school.

【小题1】What does the author (作者) think of stressing?
____________________________________________________________________________________________
【小题2】Where does your stress come from?
____________________________________________________________________________________________
【小题3】The author thinks one way we can fight the stress is by exercising. Do you agree with him?
____________________________________________________________________________________________
【小题4】What is your own way to fight or reduce stress?
____________________________________________________________________________________________
【小题5】Who do you ask for help when you feel stressed? What advice does he or she give you?
____________________________________________________________________________________________

Public Speaking

It can be stressful to deliver a speech in front of people. What do you say? How do you catch people’s attention? What do you do if you mess up? 【小题1】 You can use the following basics about the art of public speaking to help you overcome these challenges and be a good speaker.

Point everything back to the central idea

Before you begin your speech, figure out your core message. 【小题2】 It makes it easier to decide what to say and it helps you make every other decision, from the structure to the specific stories and concrete images that you include.

【小题3】

To make your presentation memorable, you can try using “sticky stories” in your speeches — honest, vivid anecdotes (逸闻) with details that engage the senses of sight, sound, smell, taste and touch. People remember stories and images.

Practice in front of people

Practicing your speech can ease feelings of nervousness and help you adjust your presentation. Ask a friend or a family member to listen to you as you practice. You can also take a voice memo with your phone and play it back to yourself. 【小题4】

Slow down and start again

If something unexpected happens in the moment — say you stumble (结巴) or lose your place — pause or slow down. Take a deep breath and go back to the beginning of a sentence or restate the word you stumbled on. And don’t worry, people don’t notice those pauses as much as you think they do. 【小题5】 The point is to set yourself up for success, not perfection.

A.Use vivid imagery and storytelling.
B.These problems will drive you mad.
C.Avoid big words and long sentences.
D.Even if someone does notice, that’s OK, too.
E.Then make sure all the ideas in your speech point back to it.
F.There’s also a chance to practice short speeches on important topics.
G.By doing so, you can get supportive feedback to improve your speech.

We find comfort in nature. Spending time with grass and trees and birds, even through a window, makes us feel happier and more relaxed. One of the most exciting things about bird﹣watching is that birds are so mobile.【小题1】They migrate across the globe every spring and fall. You don't have to identify the species, although there is a wealth of information available if you know a bird's name.【小题2】I'm writing about bird﹣watching here, and here are 3 tips to get started:

Notice birds

If you're not already a bird﹣watcher, you probably don't really notice birds, but they are around us all the time, even in a city. 【小题3】 One of the best ways to find birds is just to watch for movement, and then focus on that movement to see what's happening (it's often a bird). You will quickly learn where and how to look, and noticing birds will become second nature.

Listen

Birds communicate by sound as well as by sight, just like we do. They make a lot of noise and their songs and calls all mean something. On the most basic level sounds can help you find birds by revealing their presence and telling you what direction to look. Just like seeing,【小题4】but once you start noticing these sounds you will hear them everywhere.

Watch for patterns

Birds are creatures of habit. If you've seen a bird fly away carrying something, there's a very good chance it will come back to gather more. Just wait. Building a nest takes several days, and young birds in the nest are fed for more than a week, so you might be able to come back the next day and watch more.【小题5】 you might even find the nest. All of the variation in birds also follows patterns. It's always satisfying to understand the broader patterns in nature.

A.it takes some focus and practice to hear birds,
B.Just taking the steps will lead to discoveries.
C.They fly around their home territory.
D.With a little practice you'll be amazed at what you can see.
E.this is the best thing to focus on when you see an unfamiliar bird.
F.And if you track the bird along the path that it takes,
G.The most important thing is just to notice birds, slow down and really watch them.

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