Calorie(卡路里)countsare everywhere. They appear on restaurant menus, milk boxes an-组卷网

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Calorie(卡路里)counts are everywhere. They appear on restaurant menus, milk boxes and bags of baby carrots. Grocery stores display lots of foods packaged with bright and colorful “low-calorie” claims.

A calorie is the measure of stored energy in something---energy that can be released as heat when burned. The term calorie on food labels is short for kilocalorie. A kilocalorie is the amount of energy it takes to raise the temperature of one kilogram of water by 1 degree Celsius. But what does boiling water have to do with your body’s release of energy from food? After all, your body doesn’t start boiling after eating. It does, however, chemically break down food into sugars. The body then releases the energy to fuel processes and activities throughout each hour of the day.

Food contains three main types of nutrients that deliver energy: fats, proteins and carbs(碳水化合物). A process called metabolism(新陈代谢) first cuts these into small pieces; Proteins break down into amino acids(氨基酸), fats into fatty acids and carbs into simple sugars. Then, the body uses oxygen to break down these materials to release heat.

Most of this energy goes toward powering the heart, lungs, brain and other vital processes. Exercise and other activities also use energy. If energy-rich nutrients aren’t used right away, your body will hoard them---first in the liver(肝脏), and then later as body fat.

In general, someone should eat the same amount of energy each day as his or her body will use. If the balance is off, they will win lose or gain weight. It’s very easy to eat more calories than the body needs. Having two 200-calorie donuts in addition to regular meals could easily put teens over their daily needs. At the same time, it’s nearly impossible to balance overeating with extra exercise. Running a mile burns just 100 calories. Knowing how many calories are in the food we eat can help keep the energy in and out balanced.

【小题1】How much energy does it need to lift the temperature of 5 kilograms of water by 10 degree Celsius?

A．One kilocalorie.	B．Five kilocalories.
C．Ten kilocalories.	D．Fifty kilocalories.

【小题2】What is Paragraph 3 mainly about?

A．How the nutrients are classified.

B．How oxygen works in human body.

C．How the food types affect metabolism.

D．How the body gets heat from nutrients.

【小题3】What does the underlined word “hoard” in Paragraph 4 mean?

A．Store.	B．Remove.
C．Replace.	D．Burn.

【小题4】What can we learn from the last paragraph?

A．It is good for our health to do exercises.

B．It’s really difficult to control our weight.

C．It is important to control the calories we take.

D．It is good for our body to eat the same type of nutrients.

17-18高二下·辽宁鞍山·期中

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知识点：饮食习俗对食物的喜恶答案解析【答案】很抱歉，登录后才可免费查看答案和解析！

A．The industry is growing globally as well.

B．This trend continued until relatively recently.

C．White Castle was founded in 1921 in Wichita, Kansas.

D．Burger King and Taco Bell got their start in the 1950s.

E．It’s hard to imagine fast food without drive-through windows.

F．It allows restaurants to receive and store a large amount of food.

G．White Castle’s founders decided to change the public’s perception of hamburgers.

There’s actually a famous sort of legend(传说) where everyone has these really, really long chopsticks(筷子), too long for them to feed themselves. And so in hell, everyone goes hungry, because they can’t pick up food and put it in their mouths. But in heaven, people take the same chopsticks and then feed each other.

Chopsticks are used widely. Across much of Asia, about 1.5 billion people use chopsticks in their daily lives. Different cultures have slightly different variations of chopsticks. Chinese chopsticks tend to be long and round, Korean chopsticks are flatter and often made of metal and Japanese chopsticks tend to be round and very, very pointy.

Chopsticks are actually really common in American society today. But there was definitely a time in the late 1800s when Asian men, because they ate rice with sticks, were of a different quality than American men, who ate proper meat with a knife and fork. But when China and the United States began their diplomatic engagement(外交接触) in the 1970s, Richard Nixon, Henry Kissinger, had to practice eating with chopsticks. As Asian cooking has moved from the East into the West, chopsticks have interestingly become part of the experience.

Chopsticks can date from the Shang dynasty which is about 3000 years ago, and they loved tripods(鼎) during that time. So when you cooked with these big tripods, chopsticks were actually really useful, because it was a way for you to reach without getting burned as the water was boiling in these really big pots. Chinese culture has knives and has forks. It uses them in many cases for cooking. But in the dining room, it is the chopsticks.

【小题1】Why does the author mention the legend in Paragraph 1?