试题详情
阅读理解-阅读单选 较难0.4 引用5 组卷321

Sometimes, you just can't help it. Maybe you're watching a sad movie, or thinking about the friend who moved away. Next thing you know, you feel pressure in your throat, your eyes are watering, and you have tears running down your cheeks.

According to Ad Vingerhoets, a professor of psychology at Tilburg University, in the Netherlands, who is one of the few scientists in the world who have studied crying, there are three types of tears. Basal tears are the first type. They act as a protective barrier between the eye and the rest of the World. Next are reflex tears. They wash your eyes clean when something gets in them. Finally, there are emotional tears. “These are released in response to emotional states,” explains Vingerhoets.

Scientists believe crying has something to do with how humans developed and learned to depend on each other. “Humans are very complex social creatures,” says Lauren Bylsma, a professor at the University of Pittsburgh, in Pennsylvania. "It seems that tears serve to arouse help and support from others,” She says.

Vingerhoets agrees, "I think that the reason why humans shed tears(流眼泪)has something to do with our childhood, " he says. "that's the time when we are still dependent on adults for love and protection and care. The major advantage of emotional tears is that you can target them at a specific person." Vingerhoets says this ability could have come in handy in prehistoric times, when humans were living among dangerous animals. Tears were a safer way to get attention. "In this case, it is better to use a silent signal to ask for help, "he says.

Vingerhoets and Byhma do frequent studies to better understand why humans cry. According to Byhma, there is still much more to discover. "It's surprising, "she says, "how much we still don't know.”

【小题1】In the scientists' opinion, crying is ________.
A.a sign of human evolutionB.a result of human kindness
C.a cause of personal growthD.a means of relying on each other
【小题2】The underlined phrase "this ability" in the last paragraph refers to the ability to ________.
A.seek help wiselyB.aim tears at someone
C.cry emotionallyD.appeal to other people
【小题3】From the text, we learn that Ad Vingerhoets and Lauren Bylsma ________.
A.hold different opinions about the causes of tears
B.think positively of the effects of tears
C.are working together to study tears
D.have learned enough about tears
【小题4】What can be a suitable title for the text?
A.The types of tearsB.The components of tears
C.The science of tearsD.The opinions about tears
2018·河南·一模
知识点:科普知识 答案解析 【答案】很抱歉,登录后才可免费查看答案和解析!
类题推荐

On April 2,we said goodbye to Tiangong I,China’s first space lab.According to the China Manned Space Agency(中国载人航天),Tiangong I re-entered the Earth’s atmosphere (大气层) and fell into the South Pacific Ocean.

There are many spacecraft that are still in orbit above the Earth.They are flying at heights ranging from 300 to 1,000 kilometers.After finishing their trips,they will all re-enter the Earth's atmosphere like Tiangong I.

There are two types of re-entries:controlled(受控的)re-entry and uncontrolled re-entry.

Some satellites(卫星)and manned spacecraft come back to the Earth in a controlled re-entry.Scientists calculate(计算)the path of the falling spacecraft and its speed.They can guide the spacecraft to fall in a chosen area.In 2017,Tianzhou I,China's first cargo(货运)spacecraft,was directed to fall in the South Pacific Ocean.

Some spacecraft may have problems while in space,or are simply no longer usable after a certain amount of time.These craft come back in an uncontrolled re-entry.It is hard to tell when and where these spacecraft will fall until the last few hours.The US space station Skylab came back partially uncontrolled in l979.Parts of the station fell in western Australia,but no one was injured.

During re-entry,most of the spacecraft will burn up while passing through the Earth's atmosphere.Only a small amount of the debris(碎片)will reach the ground.

The debris typically ends up falling into the ocean,China Daily reported.Tiangong I weighs about 8.5tons.The amount of debris that falls to the Earth might be about l to 1.5 tons, the Beijing News reported. That is about the same weight as a car.

【小题1】The debris from Tiangong I ________.
A.fell into the South Pacific ocean
B.fell in western Australia
C.fell in the central part of the US
D.fell into the North Pacific Ocean
【小题2】When the spacecraft finishes its trip,it will ________.
A.burn up and disappear
B.re-enter the Earth's atmosphere
C.speed up and fly back to Earth
D.enter another orbit and stay in space
【小题3】Which of the following is TRUE about the US space station Skylab?
A.It came back in a controlled re-entry.
B.Some people were injured by its debris.
C.It was hard to tell where it would fall in advance.
D.It was directed to fall into the ocean.
【小题4】This story most likely comes from ________.
A.a storybookB.a government report
C.a science magazineD.a movie review

For hundreds of years, researchers have been trying to answer what kinds of things have an impact on people’s emotions(情感). How you feel is controlled by many things. Your emotions can be influenced by your personality, by the actions of others and by events around you. In addition, maybe you really don’t know your emotions can be affected by the weather as well.

People often say they feel pretty good when the sun is shining and bad when it is cloudy.

As a matter of fact, sunlight makes us feel good. When sunlight shins our skins, our bodies produce a vitamin. Vitamins are natural chemicals (化学物质) which we all need to stay healthy. Sunlight helps our bodies produce vitamin D and it can help our bodies to make a special chemical. This special chemical affects our brains(大脑) and makes us feel happy.

For example, there are long, dark winters of little sunlight in Sweden and Norway, so many people in these countries often feel sad. Without much sunlight, their bodies produce less vitamin D. Without enough vitamin D, their bodies make less of this special chemical which makes them feel good.

In order to help the people in these countries feel better, special “sunrooms” with artificial(人造的) lights have been built. People can go there and get “sunlight” for an hour or two!

The weather can also affect people’s emotions in other ways. Hot weather can make people angry because people feel uncomfortable when they are hot. In the same way, rain can make people angry because being wet can be unpleasant. As you can see, the weather can have an effect on the chemicals which control our brains. Through these ways, the weather can influence our emotions. Sadly, while the weather can change us, we can hardly change the weather.

【小题1】Which of the following is true about vitamin D according to the passage?
A.It is a kind of artificial chemical made by scientists.
B.It makes us worried by affecting our brains.
C.It is needed by us all to keep fit.
D.It is in the sunlight.
【小题2】What can we infer (推断) from the passage?
A.We feel good when we are in the bright cool weather.
B.We will be happy when we are caught in the bad weather.
C.All people in Norway and Sweden feel sad in winter.
D.The more vitamin D you have, the happier you’ll be.
【小题3】What may be the best title for this passage?
A.Why Do We Feel Sad?
B.The Weather Influences People’s Emotions
C.People Need More Vitamin D
D.We Can Hardly Change the Weather

A major new facility to pull CO2 out of the atmosphere has started operating in Iceland, which is a boost to an emerging technology that experts say could eventually play an important role in reducing greenhouse gases.

The plant in southwest Iceland is the biggest of its kind, its builder says. It is able to capture 900 tons of CO2 every year but it needs heat and electricity to work. It is using energy produced from waste and is built on the roof of a waste incineration plant, and through the burning of rubbish, energy is generated.

Human-sized fans are built into a series of boxes. They take CO2 out of the air, catching it in spongelike filters (过滤器). The filters are blasted with heat, freeing the gas, which is then mixed with water and pumped deep into deep underground basalt caves, where over time it turns into dark-gray stone. Pumping CO2 into the ground is just one way to deal with it. The makers are also selling the gas to be used again. The CO2 can be captured just a few 100 miles away. It is pumped through an underground pipeline directly into a greenhouse. Vegetables and plants love CO2 and higher concentrations of the gas within the greenhouse improve the growth of plants.

By 2050, humanity will need to pull nearly a billion metric tons of CO2 from the atmosphere every year through direct air capture technology to achieve carbon neutral goals, according to International Energy Agency recommendations. The plant in Iceland will be able to capture 4000 metric tons annually — just a small amount of what will be necessary, but an engineer in Climeworks, the company that built it, says it can grow rapidly as efficiency improves and costs decrease.

“This is a market that does not yet exist, but a market that urgently needs to be built,” said Christoph Gebald who co-founded Climeworks. “This plant that we have here is really the blueprint to further increase the size and really industrialize.”

【小题1】What do we know about the carbon capture facility from paragraph 2?
A.It is built at high altitudes.B.It uses waste to produce power.
C.It makes Iceland free of air pollution.D.lt produces lots of heat during operation.
【小题2】What is the third paragraph mainly about?
A.The methods of breaking down CO2.
B.The approaches to reusing waste gas.
C.The necessity of building greenhouses.
D.The workings of the carbon-catching plant.
【小题3】What can we expect from the future carbon capture technology?
A.It will decrease the cost of energy production.
B.It can help reach the carbon neutral goals in advance.
C.It will speed up the reduction of CO2 levels in the air.
D.It may replace the traditional carbon storage system.
【小题4】What can be inferred from the passage?
A.The capture of CO2 in the atmosphere is able to kill many birds with one stone.
B.CO2 will be delivered to greenhouses after being turned into dark-gray stones.
C.A major new market to pull CO2 out of the atmosphere has started operating.
D.The plants in Iceland greenhouses can capture a small amount of CO2.
【小题5】What is Christoph Gebald’s attitude towards building the plants?
A.Ambiguous.B.Neutral.
C.Disapproving.D.Supportive.

组卷网是一个信息分享及获取的平台,不能确保所有知识产权权属清晰,如您发现相关试题侵犯您的合法权益,请联系组卷网