Have you been told you have penicillin allergy? Did your parents tell you that you had a reaction as an infant or child, so you should never take it again? Has it been so long since you had a reaction to penicillin that you don’t remember what happened? If you fit any of these descriptions or are just not sure if you have penicillin allergy, there’s good news for you: Chances are, you probably don’t have it.
Between 10 to 20 percent of Americans believe they have a penicillin allergy, but a recent study at Mayo Clinic found that only 10 percent of those people are truly penicillin allergic. In other words, 9 out of 10 people who think they have penicillin allergy are avoiding it for no reason. Even in people with documented allergy to penicillin, only about 20 percent are still allergic 10 years after their initial allergic reaction. It’s not necessarily a permanent condition.
Why is this important? Aren’t there many other antibiotics you can use if you have penicillin allergy? Penicillin has been around since 1928. Penicillin and its related medicines include amoxicillin, methicillin and amoxicillin-clavulnate. These medicines are highly effective treatments for many bacterial infections, such as strep throat and ear infections. Of course, there are alternative antibiotics, but these are often much more expensive and carry a higher risk of side effects. Typically, these alternative antibiotics are broad-spectrum, meaning they fight many types of bacteria, both good and bad. That can lead to development of drug-resistant bacteria, or deadly “superbugs”. This increases the risk for all of us in the future of not having an effective antibiotic to treat our infection.
How do you find out if you have penicillin allergy? Board-certified allergists can test you. First, the allergist will get a history from you about your possible allergy. Typical questions include: How long ago did you have the reaction? What type of reaction occurred, and how soon after you took the penicillin did the reaction appear? The testing is done on the forearm by pricking the skin with a needle. If the results are negative and there is no reaction, penicillin will be injected in the skin. These tests are not painful, and results are available in 15 minutes. A positive reaction may lead to some swelling and itching where the test was placed, which usually goes away within an hour.
In very rare cases, an allergic reaction occurs. This can include hives, swelling, wheezing and/or difficulty breathing. The allergist is trained to treat this rare condition quickly if it happens. If all skin testing is negative, you may be given an oral dose of penicillin in the office. The oral drug challenge is used to verify that you don’t have penicillin allergy. Usually, you’ll be observed in the office for 30 minutes to make sure you have no problems.
If you find out you don’t have a penicillin allergy, notify your physicians that it’s now safe for you to take penicillin. They can take “penicillin allergy” off your chart for good!
【小题1】What can we know about penicillin allergy according to the passage?A.Most people believe that they are penicillin allergic. |
B.People with documented allergy will have it forever. |
C.About 90 percent of people are truly penicillin allergic. |
D.Many people with initial allergy can avoid it later. |
A.They cost much more than penicillin. |
B.They can treat many bacterial infections. |
C.They can result in drug-resistant bacteria. |
D.They also fight good bacteria when used. |
A.you can’t leave the office within an hour |
B.your skin is supposed to swell and itch |
C.it is not safe for you to take penicillin |
D.you’ll be given an oral dose of penicillin |
A.confirm | B.attach |
C.declare | D.control |
RISE is an exciting project designed and led by young people,for young people.
What you'll learn
St John Ambulance believes that everyone should have access to first aid,and as many people as possible should be equipped with the skills to be the difference between life and death.
Choosing the right path for you
At the heart of the RISE project is a commitment(承诺)to peer to peer learning.
Stick-it:
A.Keeping children safe |
B.Keeping in touch with the victims |
C.The project is now available in communities across the country |
D.So, as a participant you'll learn first aid through our Stick-it sessions |
E.Stick-it sessions will cover all the approaches to training in RISE |
F.Our one-day introduction focuses on gun-and knife-related injuries |
G.You'll be given the skills and guidance to pass your knowledge on to other people in your community |
“Health is the greatest wealth,” wise people say.
The doctor will examine your throat, test your blood pressure, take your temperature, sound your heart and lungs, check your teeth or have your chest X -rayed.
A month later the gentleman came into the doctor’s office.
A.He looked cheerful and happy. |
B.All these will cost a lot of money. |
C.He was more worried about his illness. |
D.After that he will advise some treatment of some medicine. |
E.You can’t be good at your studies or work well when you are ill. |
F.Speaking about doctor’s advice, I can’t help telling you a funny story. |
G.He was suggesting the rule “Eat at pleasure, drink with measure and enjoy life as it is.” |
This quick introduction to common basic first aid procedures can help get your kid through a minor crisis, at least until he can get medical treatment. They are not a substitute (代替) for professional first aid training but can be of great help in an emergency.
Heart Attacks Call an ambulance immediately. Every minute of delay in treating a heart attack increases the chance of permanent heart damage and death. Let your youngster sit or lie down while he’s waiting for the ambulance and loosen his tight clothing. Ask him to stay calm and take some deep breaths. Anxiety increases the heart’s need for oxygen. Remind him that help is on the way. | Bleeding Cover the wound with a cloth. Apply direct pressure to stop the blood flow. Don’t remove the cloth. Add more cloths if needed. They will help stop the flow. In many cases, applying a bandage may do more damage than good. |
Burns No matter what caused your child’s burn or how bad it is, stopping the burn comes before treating it. Wash the burned area with cool running water for several minutes. Do not use ice. Give him painkillers for pain relief if necessary. Do not break any blood blisters (血泡) that may have formed. | Nosebleeds Ask your kid to bend slightly forward, not back. Pinch (捏住) his nose just below the bridge. Check after 5 minutes to see if bleeding has stopped. If not, continue pinching the nose and check after 10 minutes. You can also apply a cold pack to the bridge of the nose while pinching it. |
A.Using the bandages. |
B.Adding more cloths. |
C.Keeping the cloth. |
D.Applying direct pressure. |
A.Burns. | B.Bleeding. |
C.Nosebleeds. | D.Heart attacks. |
A.Kids. | B.Parents. |
C.Emergency trainers. | D.First aiders. |
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