试题详情
阅读理解-阅读单选 适中0.65 引用2 组卷81

Reward methods are an everyday occurrence in our classrooms. More than ever, a great number of incentive(激励) programs have been created to help teachers manage behavior, and motivate learners. However, there is evidence that in the long run, reward systems don’t work.

Many people believe that rewards can help students develop a reason to do better. However, this approach fails to address why children are unable to be successful in the first place. When a student who dislikes math frequently behaves badly in class, a simple and easy way to deal with the behavior might be to offer him a reward for not misbehaving. Yet this would do nothing to solve his real problem—which is his attitude towards math.

On the other hand, rewards can’t last forever. So what happens when they stop? Many experiments suggest once the rewards stop, people go back to behaving as they did before.

Some people might counter that. It may be true that students won’t positively work once we stop rewarding them, but at least they will have worked more than they otherwise would have! Unfortunately, there is another more surprising consequence of rewards that we need to consider: Rather than create motivation, they can actually decrease motivation.

In a classic study, some kindergarteners who enjoyed drawing with markers were observed in a classroom with different activities available. They were broken into two groups. Everyone in the first group was told that he or she could win an attractive certificate by drawing a picture with markers. Each was eager to get the certificate and drew a picture. Children in the second group were also encouraged to draw but didn’t get a certificate. After a delay of about two weeks, when the markers again appeared in the classroom but no certificate was promised, the children in the first group used the markers about half as much as children in the second group. Apparently, rewards actually made them enjoy drawing less.

What we really want is for students to take responsibility for their own learning. When much of the focus is on performance outcome, it can stop the development of self-motivation. The ‘self-determination theory’ claims all human beings will succeed when our basic, inborn, and emotional needs are met. By providing appropriate support and opportunities, we can help to meet the needs of all students and therefore increase their motivation.

【小题1】The author mainly argues that ________.
A.students should be responsible for their learning
B.incentive programs help to solve real problems
C.motivation plays an important role in learning
D.reward methods for students are ineffective
【小题2】The underlined word “counter” in Paragraph 4 probably means ________.
A.suspect
B.oppose
C.detail
D.confirm
【小题3】In Paragraph 5, the author uses the example to show that ________.
A.rewards keep interest
B.children enjoy awards
C.children are changeable
D.rewards reduce motivation
【小题4】The author persuades readers to accept his argument mainly by ________.
A.questioning the results of classic studies
B.comparing strengths with weaknesses
C.pointing out the problems with reward systems
D.giving examples of badly-behaved students
2017·四川成都·二模
知识点:教育 答案解析 【答案】很抱歉,登录后才可免费查看答案和解析!
类题推荐

There are so many benefits of volunteering. It connects us with people who may come from different life experiences. 【小题1】 Volunteer opportunities can provide teens with valuable skills and life experience. Why not help your teen discover opportunities to use his or her passions to serve others?

Animal lovers

【小题2】 Check with your local animal shelter. Most animal shelters are happy to have teens volunteer to walk dogs, play with kitties, and do some cleaning. If you're willing, your teen may even be able to sign up to foster (领养) pets.

Caretakers

Many teens are quite gifted in working with young children. 【小题3】 They can volunteer as a mother’s helper for another homeschool mom or read to children at local schools or day cares.

Artists

Depending on teens’ skill level, perhaps your teen artist could volunteer to teach classes at a local community center. Check with local recreation or child care centers to see if they need volunteers to lead some art lessons or simply create with children.

Bakers

Is your kid a chef or baker? Prepare a meal or bake a treat for your local police officers, fire fighters. You might also consider taking a meal to your local hospital. 【小题4】

Encourage teens to use their gifts and talents to serve others is a win-win situation. They’re doing something they enjoy. 【小题5】 What a beautiful cycle!

A.It is not easy to cook every day.
B.Do you have an animal-loving teen?
C.There are many volunteer opportunities for them.
D.It helps us feel a part of something larger than ourselves.
E.Are your children interested in volunteering after school?
F.They can bring enjoyment to others, which brings them joy, too.
G.In our area, there are groups who regularly deliver meals to poor families.

Digital grounding is when parents or caregivers limit or completely take away access to technology from children. According to a study conducted by Pew Research,65%of parents have digitally grounded their teen by taking away their teen’s cellphone or internet access as punishment.

Because children are so connected with their technologies, digital grounding may seem like a logical step for parents. Take away a child’s most cherished item and they will quickly learn from their behavior. But the idea of digital grounding isn’t as clear—cut as that. Instead, it may be a lose-lose situation for parents and kids, alike.

For most parents, the goal of grounding isn’t to make their children unhappy or sad. It is to teach a lesson in the hope that they won’t engage in whatever behavior got them in trouble in the first place. Unfortunately, though, digital grounding is often just punishment, not discipline. If a child stays out past curfew(约定的最晚回家时间), a punishment would be hitting or yelling at them. Discipline would be not letting them go out the next weekend because they failed to follow rules.

We’ve all been there—we’ve caught our child doing something wrong and in the heat of the moment laid out a strict punishment. We may have been feeling hot-headed, embarrassed, or upset. Often, though, these punishments don’t align with the bad behavior.

While digital grounding may solve the problem temporarily, it won’t provide children with the guidance they need to act appropriately in the future. Instead of grounding, show your child what they did wrong and give them the chance to act differently. This way, they will learn from their mistakes in a practical manner and figure out ways to be safe and smart with technology.

There’s no denying it: technology is here for the long-haul. This is why some parenting experts don’t recommend digitally grounding your children. It doesn’t focus on the end goal of safe behavior. They recommend teaching them good habits as soon as possible, rather than taking away their technology. By digitally grounding them, you are putting a bandage over the wound, rather than treating it.

Now, when we say that digital grounding is a lose-lose situation, we’re not saying that disciplining your children in general is a lose-lose situation. Discipline is a great way to teach children lessons, when used appropriately.

【小题1】Which of the following is a form of discipline?
A.Hitting or yelling at children.
B.Laying out a strict punishment in the heat of the moment.
C.Taking away access to cellphones from children completely.
D.Forbidding kids to go out the next weekend if they stay out past curfew.
【小题2】What does the author think of digital grounding?
A.It benefits children greatly.
B.It is no better than disciplining.
C.Parents can use it to correct kids’behavior.
D.Neither parents nor children gain benefits from it.
【小题3】What does the author suggest parents do instead of grounding?
A.Give kids more free time.B.Act appropriately in public.
C.Help kids form good habits.D.Put a bandage over the wound.
【小题4】What’s the purpose of the text?
A.To inform us of ways of punishing kids.
B.To explain what digital grounding means.
C.To show how to parent children in digital times.
D.To prove digital grounding is not a good parenting way.

New Mexico has announced a plan to make public colleges and universities free for all people in the state, a Proposal considered one of the most ambitious attempts in education these years.

The plan, if approved, would allow students, regardless of household income, to attend any of the 29 states public colleges and universities. State officials estimate that the program, officially called the New Mexico Opportunity Scholarship, will help 55,000 students each year attend college.

Calling the plan “the moonshot for higher education,” New Mexico Gov. Michelle LujanGrisham announced it on Wednesday at the New Mexico Higher Education Summit in Albuquerque. “It means better enrollment (注册). It means better students' success. In the long run, it means economic growth, improved outcomes for New Mexico workers and thinkers and parents,” Lujan Grisham said, “It means a better trained workforce.”

Twenty other states have set up tuition free education programs for two-year community colleges. And New York created a scholarship program to allow students to go to public colleges and universities without paying tuition. But there are household income requirements and other rules, including that receivers live and work in New York for several years after graduating. The New Mexico proposal has no such restrictions. And some experts wonder if the lack of program regulations is one of its disadvantages.

Wil Del Pilar, the vice president for higher education at The Education Trust, said there is a risk that wealthier students will benefit the most in the program, since there are no income requirements. “When you have limited state dollars, I would argue that we should target those dollars toward those who struggle the most to pay,” Del Pilar told NPR.

Like the New York s scholarship program, New Mexico's covers just tuition, not other living costs. To Del Pilar that is a problem. He said the promise of free college takes more than eliminating (取消) tuition. Paying for housing, meals, books and transportation are still challenges for many low-income students, he said.

【小题1】What's the purpose of the New Mexico plan?
A.To reform the system of education.
B.To improve the quality of education.
C.To attract more students around the world.
D.To make higher education more accessible.
【小题2】What was Lujan Grisham’s attitude towards the New Mexico plan?
A.A little doubtful.B.A little confused.
C.Full of curiosity.D.Full of confidence.
【小题3】Compared with the New Mexico plan, the New York program               .
A.has fewer restrictionsB.benefits more students
C.has more requirementsD.covers more living costs
【小题4】What is the problem with the New Mexico plan according to Del Pilar?
A.It is limited to tuition.B.It doesn't include tuition.
C.It opens to all college students.D.It's only available to poor students.

组卷网是一个信息分享及获取的平台,不能确保所有知识产权权属清晰,如您发现相关试题侵犯您的合法权益,请联系组卷网