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Despite gains in recent years,women still fall behind men in some areas of math achievement,and the question of why has caused heated argument. Now,a study of first and second graders suggests what may be part of the answer:Female primary school teachers who are concerned about their own skills could be passing that along to the little girls they teach.

Young students tend to model themselves after adults of the same sex,explained Beilock,an associate professor in psychology at the University of Chicago. Little girls may learn to fear math from the women who are their earliest teachers. Beilock and her colleagues studied 52 boys and 65 girls in classes taught by 17 different teachers. Ninety percent of the US primary school teachers are women,as was all of those in this study.

Students’ math ability was not related to teachers’ math anxiety at the start of the school year,but at the end of the year,the more anxious teachers were about their own skills,the more likely their female students—but not the boys—were to agree to that “boys are good at math and girls are good at reading”.In addition,the girls who answered that way scored lower on math tests than either the classes’ boys or the girls who had not developed such a belief,the researchers found.

After seeing the results,the researchers recommended that the math requirements for obtaining a primary education teaching degree should be rethought. “If the next generation of teachers,especially primary school teachers,is going to teach their students more effectively,more care needs to be taken to develop both strong math skills and positive math attitudes in these educators,” the researchers wrote.

“Girls who grow up believing females lack math skills wind up avoiding harder math classes. It keeps girls and women out of a lot of careers,particularly in science technology,” Beilock said.

【小题1】We can learn from the first three paragraphs that ______.
A.teachers in US primary schools are mostly females
B.the students involved in the study are starters at primary school
C.young students usually follow example of their female teachers
D.it’s true that boys do well in math while girls do well in reading
【小题2】We can we infer from the text?
A.Beilock’s study will bring about a primary education revolution.
B.Girls’ lack of confidence in math skills affects their future jobs.
C.The performance of the students changed little during the process of the study.
D.The researchers argued that current primary school education needed improving.
【小题3】What’s the suggested solution to the phenomenon mentioned in the text?
A.Using different approaches to excite students’ interest in math.
B.Reducing the number of situations that make teachers anxious.
C.Creating more chances for boys and girls to work together in class.
D.Improving teachers’ math skills and changing their math attitudes.
【小题4】What’s the main idea of the text?
A.Girls may learn math anxiety from female teachers.
B.Boys are free from the math anxiety of female teachers.
C.Primary school teachers have a far-reaching influence on students.
D.Students should learn how to hold positive attitudes towards math.
2017·广东揭阳·二模
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About 10 million undocumented immigrants live in the U.S. They are not registered with authorities and therefore often hide from the government. They do not pay taxes, and they cannot apply for driver’s licenses, jobs that require a work permit, or loans to buy houses. If discovered, they can be sent back to their home countries.

But this week, the U.S. Supreme Court is considering whether to allow some undocumented immigrants to stay for a limited period and apply to work legally. The decision will affect only undocumented immigrants who meet three criteria: those who have not been found guilty of a crime; those who have been in the U.S. for the past five years or more; and those who have a child who was born here or lives here legally. About 4 million undocumented immigrants meet those criteria.

The case has much to do with a program called DAPA. It stands for “Deferred Action for Parents of Americans and Lawful Permanent Residents.” The program was approved two years ago. One of the goals of the program was to keep families together. It also aimed to bring more people into legal work. People who support DAPA say the program can greatly reduce the fear undocumented immigrants feel.

A six-year-old girl named Sophie Cruz spoke outside the Supreme Court building. She was born in the U.S., but her parents are here without documents. That means the government can force her parents to leave the country – and their daughter—at any time. “I ask the judges to protect us children and all immigrants,” Sophie Cruz said.

If the Supreme Court decides the DAPA program is legal, the government will protect approved undocumented immigrants. They will receive a social security card, permission to work in the U.S., and a promise that they will not be forced to leave for three years.

【小题1】At present, the undocumented immigrants' life in America is ________.
A.respectableB.stylishC.plainD.insecure
【小题2】What can we infer from paragraph 2?
A.All undocumented immigrants will benefit from the possible decision.
B.Undocumented immigrants meeting the criteria can live legally for ever.
C.Many a undocumented immigrant will get benefit from the decision.
D.There seems to be little chance to have the important decision made.
【小题3】The program called DAPA will contribute to ________.
A.the increase of panicB.the stability of society
C.more job opportunitiesD.academic performance
【小题4】How will Sophie Cruz react once the decision is announced?
A.She is sure to feel relieved.B.She will decide a permanent stay.
C.She will join the program.D.She is to obtain a security card.

A woman held her phone tightly to her heart the way a churchgoer might hold a Bible. She was anxious to take a picture of an impressive bunch of flowers that sat not so far away, but first she had to get through a crowd of others pushing their way to do the same. The cause of this was Bouquets to Art, one of the most popular events at the de Young Museum in San Francisco.

Flower sellers were asked to create flower arrangements that respond to pieces of art on display, from ancient carvings to contemporary sculptures. It’s extremely attractive and also memorable, to the point that it has become a problem.

In recent years, the de Young received more than a thousand complaints from people who felt that cell phones had spoiled their experience of the exhibit. Institutions of fine art around the world face similar problems as the desire to take photographs becomes a huge attraction for museums, as well as something that upsets some of their patrons(资助人). So the de Young responded with a kind of compromise: carving out “photo free” hours during the exhibition’s six-day run.

One common complaint about the effect of social media on museum culture is that people seem to be missing out on experiences because they are so busy collecting evidence of them. A study recently published in the journal Psychological Science suggests there is some truth to this. It finds that people who keep taking photos of an exhibit and posting them on social media rather than simply observing it, have a hard time remembering what they see. But the issue is complex for the professionals running museums. Linda Butler, the de Young’s head of marketing and visitor experience, acknowledges that not everyone wants a museum to be “a photo-taking playland”. Yet a lot of people do and she believes that the de Young is in no position to judge one reason for buying a $28 ticket to be more valid than another. “If we removed social media and photography,” she says, “we would risk becoming irrelevant.”

【小题1】What was the woman eager to do according to paragraph 1?
A.To get her phone.B.To escape the crowd
C.To take a photo.D.To push ahead.
【小题2】How did the de Young respond to the complaints from visitors?
A.By setting periods without photo-taking.
B.By making the exhibition free of charge.
C.By compromising with the government.
D.By extending the free exhibition hours.
【小题3】The recent study finds that the use of social media in museums may ________.
A.uncover the truthB.cause irrelevancy
C.bring more pleasureD.play a negative role
【小题4】Which of the following may Linda Butler support?
A.Reducing admission prices.B.Meeting different needs of the visitors.
C.Reserving judgement in public.D.Banning social media and photography.

“Beauty is only skin deep” it is said. This means that a person’s appearance is not as important as their character. Yet it is strange why people and especially women are willing to spend a fortune on making themselves more attractive physically. 【小题1】 The reason can only be one, and it is that beauty has its advantages.

Attractive people are more popular generally. Beauty draws a positive response from the people around. This is obvious with children. For example, based on observation, there is a tendency for adults to treat good-looking children better. This favorable treatment continues into adulthood, as attractive people are more likely to be chosen for leadership positions and given more opportunities.【小题2】

Another important benefit that good-looking people enjoy is that they find a husband or wife more easily. 【小题3】 This initial attraction may then develop into romantic feelings and a serious relationship if the couple find that they are compatible (和睦相处的) with each other.

On the other hand, beauty has a number of disadvantages as well. Firstly, a good-looking person tends to attract unwanted attention from all kinds of people. The admirer may have bad intentions and cause problems for the target. 【小题4】 It is thought that beauty and brains do not go together. Thus, attractive people may not gain respect even when they deserve it because of this prejudice against them.

While every individual should take care of their outward appearance and look their best, they should not neglect (忽视) their inner beauty or character. 【小题5】 Also, they should not forget physical beauty is indeed, only skin deep and will not last.

A.Life is not always easy for beautiful people.
B.The skincare industry is a multi-billion dollar business.
C.It turns out being conventionally beautiful has its benefits.
D.It is a fact that people are first attracted to outward appearance.
E.They should not place such importance on beauty that they become proud.
F.Being well-treated gives attractive people more confidence and they perform better.
G.Another problem faced by good-looking people is that they may not be taken seriously.

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