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阅读理解-阅读单选 较难0.4 引用2 组卷251
阅读理解
阅读下列短文,从每题所给的四个选项 (A 、B 、C 和 D )中,选出最佳选项。

A recent announcement by scientists that they have successfully cloned the first human embryo(胚胎) has caused much debate and has shocked many people around the world. On the one hand, some scientists point out that if you clone an embryo, you can produce valuable tissues(组织) and organs that could be used to save human lives. On the other hand, many people, including some scientists, disagree and fear that if mankind interferes with (干涉) nature in this way, they may be on their way to producing a real-life Frankenstein's monster.
Cloning is producing an exact copy of a plant or an animal using its cells. The first mammal to be cloned successfully from an adult cell was Dolly—the sheep. She was born in 1996 and died in early 2003, at a much younger age than normal. When she was born, many people were angry because they thought cloning would create more diseases in the animal world. However, in general the scientists were praised for their wonderful scientific breakthrough.
The Scottish scientist who created Dolly, Ian Wilmut, is shocked that some scientists are now considering cloning human beings. Although he researches cloning, he has never thought of creating copies of humans. Instead, he thinks the scientists should concentrate on creating new tissues and organs that could eventually be used to cure diseases like cancer. However, some people consider that cloning human embryos with the intention of destroying them shows no respect for human lives.
While cloning human embryos is illegal in many countries, some scientists are already pushing ahead with the research so as to deliver a cloned human baby. Severino Antinori, an Italian doctor, is one of the leaders in this field of research. He has declared that he wants to be the first to clone a human being.
In China, scientists have focused their efforts on cloning animals, as well as stem cells to be used in medical research. China has succeeded in producing clones of cows and goats, and continues to research ways in which cloning can benefit mankind.
【小题1】Which of the following statements about cloning is TRUE according to the passage?
A.Cloning technology can only be applied to animals.
B.A cloned animal can live longer than a normal one.
C.People all over the world are happy about the birth of Dolly.
D.Cloning can produce valuable tissues and organs to cure human diseases.
【小题2】The reasons why some people disagree with cloning include the following EXCEPT that                .
A.cloning may produce a real-life Frankenstein's monster
B.cloning might create more diseases in the animal world
C.cloning human embryos shows no respect for human lives
D.cloning can't help those who want to clone their dead children
【小题3】Who is in favor of cloning human beings?
A.Ian Wilmut.
B.Severino Antinori.
C.The author.
D.The Chinese scientists.
2016高二·全国·课时练习
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Making employees feel happy and healthy at work is good for many businesses. But it isn’t always an easy thing. A study suggests that only 33% of the U. S. employees consider themselves fully engaged (投身于)in work, while 16% are greatly disengaged, and 51% are just showing up.

But there is an exception. When it comes to employee engagement, it seems that employees in small companies are doing better. According to the same research, the largest U. S. companies are at the lowest levels of engagement, while companies with fewer than 25 employees are at the highest. And in one recent report, 75% of small business workers surveyed said they were “very” or “extremely” satisfied with their role as a small company employee.

Unlike big companies, small companies are often short of resources but the employees can get more surprises there. Small companies offer excellent career opportunities to their employees. The bosses often know their staff very well and understand their personal needs. Employees of small companies are more likely to receive free meals, paid leave, and they can even bring their pets to work.

But of course ? there are many other draws in small businesses. One of the top draws is flexible scheduling (弹性工时). Another is being able to really see the fruits of one's labor. Besides, non-cash award is also a big draw. This could be something small that reflects employees’ interests and lifestyles.

While a parental leave might lead to some financial problems, small companies may do something to improve it. “It may be impossible for a five-person team to be reduced to four for six months,” writes Camillia Velasquez, head of HR management platform, Justworks. “But it could be possible to allow new parents to take on reduced hours in a work-from-home environment. ” This kind of method has been realized in some small companies.

【小题1】What can we know about employees in big and small companies?
A.Employees can develop better in small companies.
B.Employees can earn more money in small companies.
C.Employees in big companies are hard to be satisfied.
D.Employees in small companies are more engaged in work.
【小题2】What can we learn from Paragraph 3?
A.Working for small companies has many benefits.
B.All the employers in small companies know every staff member very well.
C.Staff in small companies may face many challenges.
D.Staff in big companies have more material benefits.
【小题3】Compared with big companies, what is the advantage of small companies?
A.Employers in small companies have more choices.
B.Small companies have more attractions to employees.
C.Employees of small companies may have higher salaries.
D.Employees of small companies have fixed working time.
【小题4】What can be most probably inferred from the passage?
A.Small companies may have more employees with much happiness.
B.Big companies should learn from some small companies.
C.Employees should have their own hobbies and lifestyles.
D.Employers should pay more attention to the staff’s needs.

Pang Hui placed a few more pairs of chopsticks on the table for a family dinner, though she did not expect her big family of seven would use them as serving chopsticks.

Surprisingly, her 75-year-old father, who used to shrug off the idea of serving chopsticks, became a firm supporter this time, said Pang, 40, from Beihai, a coastal city of South China’s Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region.

Chinese people often share dishes, and diners use their own chopsticks to serve themselves food from the shared dishes, a tradition now being challenged by the outbreak of COVID-19.

“We feel a sense of crisis as well as the urge to desert our old habits when we see reports of family infections,” Pang said, pointing to the reports of the virus spreading via droplets and close contact.

Local governments are helping to encourage a shift, too. On Feb.13, 2020, local authorities of Beihai started a campaign promoting serving chopsticks and spoons, which will avoid cross-infection caused by the use of personal chopsticks.

Similar measures were also adopted in other cities like Beijing, Shanghai and Hangzhou. Taizhou city in East China’s Jiangsu Province even standardized the colors of serving chopsticks and spoons to help diners differentiate (区分) them from personal ones.

The practice of eating wild animals has been targeted by the government, which remains present in certain areas.

China stopped the illegal trading and transportation of wild animals shortly after the outbreak. The move became a permanent ban on Feb.2, 2020, when the country made a decision on thoroughly prohibiting (禁止) the illegal trading of wildlife and the consumption of wild animals.

Li Bo, with the Hainan International Center for Wildlife Protection, said wild animal consumption could lead to the faster extinction of particular species, damage the ecological balance and harm people’s health.

“The epidemic (流行病) could become a turning point to eliminate the bad habit.” Li said.

【小题1】What can we learn about Pang Hui’s family from the text?
A.There are usually more than seven people dining together.
B.They have started to use serving chopsticks at table.
C.Pang Hui’s father opposes using serving chopsticks.
D.They don’t know how to avoid being infected by the virus.
【小题2】According to the text, what has been done by the government?
A.Sharing dishes has been abandoned.
B.Cross-infection has been prevented.
C.Eating wild animals has been forbidden.
D.Standard personal chopsticks have been adopted.
【小题3】According to text, which of the following statements is TRUE?
A.Shanghai standardized the colors of serving chopsticks and spoons.
B.The practice of eating wild animals still exists in some areas.
C.China stopped the illegal trading and transportation of wild animals shortly before the outbreak.
D.Wild animal consumption isn’t harmful to ecological balance and people’s health.
【小题4】What can be the best title for the text?
A.Serving Chopsticks Promoted
B.Ways to Help People Stay Healthy
C.The Outbreak of COVID-19 Leads to Change
D.China Bans Trading of Wildlife

There should be no doubt in anyone’s mind that the influence of media is growing stronger and stronger as time passes. If you have noticed, the speed at which news travels around the world has become faster with the development and advancement in technology Media are actually influencing people in different ways.

Whether you admit it or not, watching movies and programs on the television or our laptop, ipad and other mobile devices as we relax takes us away into this different kingdom — that is, there are parts in our being that feels we are the ones in the movie and sometimes we even feel what they are feeling as we get caught in the emotional excitement. The effect of media does not stop when the movie or program ends. And this effect might just be the cause of behavioral changes in people.

With action films, children tend to follow the movie hero, engaging them to violent acts thinking that it is acceptable because his hero became successful in the end. There are cartoon programs that show acts of violence and dishonest acts against others. In return, children tend to copy the characters and think that cheating other people is a way to deal with their problems. They learn to transfer these ill behaviors to friends.

There are some television shows and movies that attempt to create an atmosphere to change the view of people towards social issues such as racial discrimination. In the minds of other people, the effect can be for the better, but some unfortunately for the worse.

There had been instances in the past that young people drunk driving imitating their favorite actress. There was also a case where somebody set a subway ticket booth on fire because he saw it in his favorite film. These are just a few examples of the disturbing influence of media on people’s behavior.

An explanation to these bad acts is that these people could not distinguish fantasy from reality. They get caught up in the kingdom of what they had been watching and the images and scenes become deeply rooted in their minds.

So the media is largely responsible for giving people false ideas and unhealthy pictures, which lead to misbehavior against other people, and can create a dangerous cycle among individuals as they attempt to do the same or even worse things to others. The sad reality is, no one is tuning off their televisions or disconnecting from these influences. The only way programming of this sort will change is when people no longer buy into it, demand it, and watch it.

【小题1】What does the author want to tell us in Paragraph 2?
A.What it is that changes our emotion.
B.How media affect people's behavior.
C.Why we are attracted by movies and programs.
D.Whether people feel being taken away from the reality.
【小题2】According to the author, some people act badly because ________.
A.they are just the violent people
B.they hope to solve social problems
C.they actually can’t tell fantasy from reality
D.they want to change people’s attitudes towards media
【小题3】What’s the author’s attitude towards media?
A.Sympathetic.B.Critical.C.Supportive.D.Cautious.
【小题4】The author supports his ideas mainly by ________.
A.making contrasts and giving examples
B.listing facts and giving research results
C.raising problems and providing solutions
D.showing facts and presenting explanations

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