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Sunstroke is a condition that can quickly go from dangerous to deadly, especially if proper care isn’t given immediately.

Sunstroke, sometimes called heatstroke, is a result of the body temperature rising above safe limits. This causes the body’s necessary functions to stop working.

It’s usually pretty easy to avoid sunstroke, as long as proper action is taken. In that case, you need to act as quickly as possible to return that person’s body to a safe temperature. Here are a few tips to help treat sunstroke.

Call for help

Call to get an ambulance as quickly as possible. This should be the first thing you do, especially if the sunstroked person has fainted (昏迷). Also, call for help from anyone nearby if you’re in a public place. If there’s no one around, call someone nearby if they can get there sooner than an ambulance. Ask everyone to bring you as much water as possible, if there isn’t much nearby.

Get the person to a cooler area

If there’s a building nearby, aim for that. Anywhere with plenty of air conditioning and water is perfect. If a building isn’t available, bring the person to a well shaded area.

Get the water flowing

If the person is still conscious, get him or her to drink water. If there’s a bathtub available, fill it with cool water and put the person in it.

If your water supply is limited, you have to save it. Dampen a towel or shirt and put it on the person’s body. Focus on the face, neck, and chest.

Fan the person

Getting moving air over the person cools him or her down. Use anything, a towel or sheet, a shirt, your hands, or a piece of board. This is where having many people around really helps, as they can combine to fan the entire body.

【小题1】When does a person get sunstrok?
A.When the body doesn’t function.
B.When proper care is given immediately.
C.When someone is exposed to the sun too long.
D.When the body temperature goes up beyond what one can bear.
【小题2】What is mainly discussed in the passage?
A.The first aid for sunstroke.
B.The cause of sunstroke.
C.The chief symptoms of sunstroke.
D.The essential preventions of sunstroke.
【小题3】Which of the following is NOT mentioned in the text?
A.To call for assistance from others.
B.To leave the sunstroked person in the shade.
C.To apply a wet towel to the person’s face.
D.To help the person take some medicine.
【小题4】The text probably comes from       .
A.a guide bookB.a book review
C.a medical magazineD.an official document
15-16高三·全国·单元测试
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Guidelines on How to Use AED

An automated external defibrillator (AED)is a device that is strongly recommended to use in time to analyze the heart rhythm, provide electric shock when necessary and save life when SCA (Sudden Cardiac Ares) patient is discovered whose heart unexpectedly stops beating without any warning.

1. Check the patient’s condition, call for help and look for an AED:

If a person collapses in your presence, he or she has likely experience shock or fainting due to SCA, consistently pulseless, unresponsive and not breathing. Then call for medical help immediately and let the patient lie flat on the ground and ask someone nearly to get an AED. Place the AED net to the victim’s left ear, switch on the power and quickly check if the machine and accessories are working property. Voice instructions will sound.

2. Attaching the AED pads

Attach the AED pads to the designated locations of the victim’s bare chest following the animation and voice prompts. The rule of anterolateral AED pad placement for adults: the right pad is placed on the upper right side of the chest, while the left pad is on the lower let side, 7cm below the left armpit. For children under 8, the anterior pad should be placed lo the middle point of the line connecting the two nipples, and the posterior pad on the opposite side of the back.

3. Analysis of the heart rhythm

Insert the electrode pads wires into the AED host device. Press the “Analyse” key and it will automatically analyze the patient’s heart rate to determine the necessity of an electric shock. Never touch the victim during this process. Even a slight touch can affect the analysis. Upon completing the analysis (S-15 seconds). AED will recommend whether to perform defibrillation.

4. Delivering a shock

If an AED shock is required, then a fully automatic APD will ask you to step back and deliver the electric shock automatically. In the case of a semi-automatic AED device, you need to press a button to deliver the shock. If the effective heart rhythm is not restored, the operator should conduct CPR (心肺复苏), and then analyze the heart rhythm again. Repeat until emergency medical personnel arrive.

【小题1】The automated external defibrillator (AED)is not primarily used to________.
A.analyze the heart rhythmB.provide electric shock
C.save the victim’s lifeD.monitor heart disease
【小题2】What would you do if a person suddenly collapses without pulse or consciousness?
A.Run for help and wait far emergency personnel to arrive.
B.Perform CPR and use an AED to shock the person’s heart
C.Call for help and try to rescue the victim with the assistance of an AED.
D.Move the person to a safe location and seek medical assistance.
【小题3】How should the AED pads be attached to the victim’s bare chest?
A.By following the voice prompts and animations provided by the ARD device.
B.By sticking the pads to the designated locations of the victim’s chest on the coat.
C.On the upper left side of the chest, directly over the heart.
D.On the left and right sides of the chest,7cm below the armpits.
【小题4】What should you do if an AED determines that a shock is necessary?
A.Press a button on the AED to deliver the analysis.
B.Step back and let the fully automatic AED deliver the shock
C.Perform CPR until the victim’s heart starts beating again.
D.Seek help from emergency medical personnel.
【小题5】What is Sudden Cardiac Arrest (SCA)?
A.A heart attack that occurs without warning.
B.A heart attack that is preceded or other symptoms.
C.A heart attack that only affects people with heart disease.
D.A heart attack that always makes the victim dangerous.

When it comes to medical care, many patients and doctors believe "more is better." But what they do not realize is that overtreatment-too many scans, too many blood tests, too many procedures-may bring harm. Sometimes a test leads you down a path to more and more testing, some of which may be attacking, or to treatment for things that should be left out.

Terrence Power, for example, complained that after his wife learned she had Wegener's disease, an uncommon disorder of the immune system(免疫系统), they found it difficult to refuse testing recommended by her doctor. The doctor insisted on office visits every three weeks, even when she was feeling well. He frequently ordered blood tests and X-rays, and repeatedly referred her to experts for even minor complaints. Even when tests came back negative, more were ordered, and she was hospitalized as prevention when she caught a cold. She had as many as 25 doctor visits during one six-month period. The couple was spending about $30,000 a year for her care.

After several years of physical suffering and near financial ruin from the medical costs, the couple began questioning the treatment after discussing with other patients in online support groups. "It's a really hard thing to determine when doctors have crossed the line," Mr. Power said. "You think she's getting the best care in the world, but after a while you start to wonder: What is the purpose?" Mr. Power then spoke with his own primary care doctor, who advised him to find a new expert to oversee Mrs. Power's care. Under the new doctor's care, the regular testing stopped and Mrs. Power's condition was stable. Now she sees the doctor only four or five times a year.

【小题1】Which of the following was a problem for Mrs. Power during her medical treatment?
A.She had to be hospitalized for three weeks whenever she had a cold.
B.Her doctor asked her to consult other experts for her complaints.
C.When test results showed she was fine, her doctor still ordered more tests.
D.She did not have any insurance, so she became penniless.
【小题2】When did the Powers start to doubt the treatment of Mrs. Power?
A.After they knew about the treatment of other patients.
B.After they analyzed the results of her blood tests
C.After Mrs power was cured of her illness.
D.After the new expert tested her.
【小题3】Which of the following can replace the underlined word "stable" in the last paragraph?
A.not getting worseB.improper
C.unchangeableD.uncertain
【小题4】What is the main idea of this passage?
A.Treatments do not always cause harmful side effects.
B.Patients tend to believe more testing is better treatment.
C.Doctors generally recommend office visits that are necessary.
D.Too much medical care may not be beneficial to patients.

HOLLAND & BARRETT

Valerian capsules(缬草胶囊)

A traditional herbal medicinal product used for the temporary relief of symptoms of mild anxiety and to aid sleep. This is based on traditional use only.

Active Ingredients:

Each capsule contains 337mg of extract (as dry extract) from Valerian root (Valerian officinalis L)   (equivalent to 1683mg-2020mg of Valerian root).

Dosage(剂量):

For oral use only.

For adults and elderly:

Mild anxiety — Take 1 capsule 3 times daily.

To aid sleep — Take 1 capsule 30 minutes to 1 hour before bedtime with an earlier dose during the evening if necessary.

Swallow the capsule with water. As the effects of this product may not occur immediately, the capsule should be taken continuously for 2-4 weeks.

The maximum dose is 4 capsules per day.

Duration of use: If symptoms worsen or do not improve after 4 weeks, a doctor or a qualified healthcare practitioner should be consulted.

Warnings:

Do not exceed (超过) the stated dose.

Do not take this product if you are:

Under 18 years of age

Pregnant or breastfeeding

Allergic to Valerian or any of the excipients (辅药)in this product

Already taking a medicine for sleep or anxiety

Storage:   Store the capsules below 25℃.

Keep the bottle tightly closed.

Keep out of sight and reach of children.

Registration Holder:   NBTY Europe Limited, Samuel Ryder House, Barling Way, Nuneaton, Warwickshire, CV10 7RH, United Kingdom

【小题1】What people is this product especially suitable for?
A.All kinds of people.B.Children having mild anxiety.
C.People suffering from severe anxiety.D.Old people having sleep problems.
【小题2】If you wish to relieve anxiety, how many capsules should you take per day?
A.1.B.2.
C.3.D.4.
【小题3】How long should this product be taken continuously at least before its effects occur?
A.4 weeks.B.Half a month.
C.1 hour.D.30 minutes.

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