A is for always getting to work on time.
B is for being very busy.
C is for the conscientious (勤勤恳恳) way you do your job .
You may be all these kinds of people at the office, and even more. But when it comes to getting ahead, some experts say, the ABCs above are not enough, a P should be included, for P—politics, as in office politics.
Dale Carneigie suggested much about office politics(策略) more than 90 years ago: Hard work alone doesn’t ensure career advancement. You have to be able to sell yourself and your ideas, both publicly and behind the scenes. Yet, in spite of the obvious rewards of engaging in office politics, a better job, a raise, praise, but many people are still unable or unwilling to “play the game.”
“People think that office politics involves some manipulative (工于心计的) behavior, ” says Deborah Comer , an assistant professor of management at Hofstra University. “But politics comes from the word ‘polite’. It can also mean controlling and forming associations (交往). It can mean being kind and helpful, or even trying to please your boss, and then expecting something in return.”
In fact, today, experts explain office politics as proper behavior used to go after one’s own self-interest in the workplace. In many cases, this involves some forms of socializing within the office environment—not just in large companies, but in small workplaces as well.
“The first thing people are usually judged on is their ability to perform well on their work,” says Neil P. Lewis, a management psychologist. “But if two or three candidates (候选人) are up for a position, each of whom has reasonably similar ability, a manager is going to choose the person he or she likes best to get ahead. It’s simple human nature.
Yet, psychologists say, many employees and employers have trouble with the concept of politics in the office. Some people, they say, have an idealistic vision of work and what it takes to succeed. Still others connect office politics with flattery (奉承) , fearful that, if they speak up for themselves, they may appear to be flattering their boss for favors.
Experts suggested that office politics should be the need for some self-promotion (晋升).
【小题1】The underlined “Office politics” in (Para 5) is used in the passage to refer to ______.
A.the habit of getting to work on time. |
B.the political views and beliefs of office workers. |
C.the interpersonal relationships within a company. |
D.the various qualities required for a successful career. |
A.They believe that doing so is not polite. |
B.They feel that such behavior is unprincipled(不道德的.) |
C.They do like the manipulating workmates. |
D.They think the effort will get them nothing. |
A.unwelcome at the workplace. |
B.bad for interpersonal relationships. |
C.impossible to the development of company culture. |
D.an important factor for personal advancement. |
A.speaking up for oneself is part of human nature. |
B.office politics is necessary to self-advancement. |
C.hard work is of little importance to one’s promotion. |
D.all employees can recognize the need for flattery. |
For many of us, our workplace can be dark, depressing and dull. Windowless rooms and airless open-plan floors can kill motivation and cause a loss to worker performance, possibly even their health.
But a refreshing trend is taking root in workplace design: nature. There’s a growing evidence showing that workplaces which include natural elements, such as plants, light, colors and shapes, have noticeable and measurable benefits for both companies and their employees.
The positive effects touch on everything from worker happiness and creativity to increased productivity, improved profits, and the improved ability to attract the best workers. It’s all based on the principle of biophilia (亲生命性) — the born relationship between humans and the natural world and other living systems. And it’s easier to achieve at the office than you think.
“People just don’t like using lights in a building with no plants, no views, no natural light,” says Sir Cary Cooper CBE, professor at Lancaster University in the UK . He led a 2015 study on the impact of biophilia in the workplace that surveyed 7,600 workers in 16 countries and found that even small nature-inspired changes can have a great effect.
Responding to the Human Spaces Global Report, those who worked in environments with natural elements reported a 15% higher level of well-being, a 6% higher level of productivity and a 15% higher level of creativity. One third of them said the design of an office would affect their decisions to work for a company. Even so, 58% said there were no live plants at their workplaces and 47% reported having no natural light.
An earlier, 2014 study by Cardiff University in Wales also showed that plants in the office make people happier and more productive. But more research is needed into biophilia, experts say.
【小题1】What’s the purpose of the first paragraph?A.To compare different ideas. |
B.To express the author’s worry. |
C.To introduce the topic of the text. |
D.To describe the conditions of the workplace. |
A.welfare | B.happiness |
C.richness | D.honor |
A.Experts will do research in biophilia further. |
B.It’s very easy to be successful in a natural workplace. |
C.Over 50% workers are not satisfied with their workplaces. |
D.People will not work for a company without a good environment. |
A.People like working in the office with lights. |
B.Natural elements can bring health to the people in the office. |
C.Companies should offer a better environment to their employees. |
D.Natural elements can make people work happily and efficiently. |
Yold
The year 2020 marks the beginning of the decade of the yold, or the “young old”, as the Japanese call people aged between 65 and 75. By continuing to work and staying socially engaged, the boomers, in their new appearance as the young old, will change the world.
The yold are more numerous, healthier and wealthier than previous generations of seniors.
The yold are challenging the traditional expectations of the retired in many aspects. They won’t wear indoor shoes and look after the grandchildren.
Today, some big things will have to change, under pressure from the yold themselves. The most important is public attitudes towards older people and in particular the expectation that 60-somethings ought to quietly retire into the background.
A.Healthy yold people will require great changes in health spending. |
B.They become one of the fastest growing groups for airline businesses. |
C.The rise of the yold will definitely be a blessing to both culture and economy. |
D.Health worsens with age, but the yold are resisting the decline better than most. |
E.Many companies treat older workers unfairly by offering training only to younger ones. |
F.Bosses may think productivity falls with age, but studies in Germany suggest things different. |
For generations, we’ve spent the first third of our lives acquiring the college degrees we need to find jobs. These degrees are the stamps on our professional passports that pave the way for the remaining two-thirds of our journey. However, the future of work won’t be about college degrees; it’ll be about job skills.
According to the World Economic Forum, over one billion jobs, almost one-third of all jobs worldwide, are likely to be transformed by technology in the next decade. We’ve already seen this happen. Think of the apps you use to shop, track orders and simply stay informed. The stores need to keep them up and running at all hours, day after day, all year round, meaning they need those who can analyze and secure customer data.
In these and other similar situations, people are the organizing force making sure technology works the way we want it to. This means a quick rise in new kinds of digital jobs. According to the Forum’s Jobs of Tomorrow report, there’ll be a rapid influx of roles at the forefront of the data and AI economy, as well as new roles in engineering, cloud computing and product development. These jobs need talent with relevant skills, and importantly these skills can be learnt even by those without college degrees.
Shifting our focus from degrees to skills will mean transitioning (过渡) to always-on skills-based education and employment organizations that acknowledge not just certification but fitness-for-job and employment as outcomes. In recent years, several companies have focused on continuous learning for the workforce — the trend will become stronger.
When it comes to skills, employers look for more than just technical skills. Companies want people with an eye for detail, creative problem-solving skills, a collaborative mindset and an ability to handle complex issues. These too are skills that can be learnt. Anyhow, lifelong learners with ever relevant skills will be in greater demand in the workplace.
【小题1】How does technology influence the jobs?A.It calls for higher demands for degrees. | B.It makes many jobs less challenging. |
C.It reduces their dependence on degrees. | D.It connects them with degrees closely. |
A.Change. | B.Recovery. | C.Decline. | D.Increase. |
A.Their traditional technical skills. | B.Their continuous learning abilities. |
C.Their certification-based education. | D.Their desire to start their own business |
A.Skills Are Different From Degrees | B.Degrees Will Be More Competitive |
C.Degrees Will Shape the Future of Work | D.Skills Are More Vital for Future Work |
组卷网是一个信息分享及获取的平台,不能确保所有知识产权权属清晰,如您发现相关试题侵犯您的合法权益,请联系组卷网