We live in a world of advertising. Advertising is a pervasive method of marketing in society. Though the methods by which marketers advertise have changed over the decades, the role and purpose of advertising has shifted very little.

【小题1】. Whether presented in newspapers and magazines or on television or the Internet, it serves to promote a wide range of products. What is being presented to the public is usually a product or service, such as a car or camera. Yet it may also be an idea, as in "Vote for Jones", or an event, as in "Watch the World Series on this channel tomorrow!” Without advertising, people would have a difficult time knowing where goods could be bought or even certain goods or services existed.

Advertising began with town criers in ancient Greece, who called out the name of items available in the market. 【小题2】 The first printed ads appeared in England in 1480, and newspaper ads began in 1648. In the twentieth century extensive new fields for advertising opened up with the invention of radio and television.

【小题3】 For example, radio and television ads are costly. But they reach a vast audience. This makes them worthwhile and cost-effective for the advertisers. Newspaper ads can feature coupons or information that can be clipped and saved. Magazines often appeal directly to special groups, such as sports fans or teenagers. Other forms of advertising include direct mail, e-mail, billboards.

Do business owners themselves think up all those ads? For the most part, they hire qualified agencies to create their advertising. An advertising agency plans a company’s ads. It also does research. It surveys the market and tests different approaches to determine the most effective way to sell the greatest amount of the product.

How can we be sure that an ad is accurate? Two government agencies, the Federal Trade Commission and the Food and Drug Administration, check ads against false claims. The Postal Service watches for fraudulent (欺骗性的) ads sent by mail. State and local governments also have watchdog agencies. 【小题4】

4-Day Classic Beijing Tour The 4-day classic Beijing tour is designed for tourists who come to visit China for the first time．It covers the most popular and typical places in Beijing，fully displaying the scenery，culture，history，local lifestyles and features，food and drinks，business，etc．for you．

Day 1：Arrival in Beijing

Your guide meets you at Capital Airport，and helps you check in at your hotel．

Enjoy Beijing Duck as welcome dinner．

Accommodation：Beijing downtown

Day 2：The Great Wall & the Summer Palace

Start your day at the most famous part of the Great Wall，the Badaling Great Wall．Leave the downtown for the Great Wall at 8am．Since it is a long drive to the Great Wall （about 2 hours' riding） have a break at the Jade Museum on the way．Lunch will be enjoyed in a local restaurant．In the early afternoon come back to the city and have a sightseeing tour of the Summer Palace．

Recommended Activity：Beijing Opera Show （Liyuan Theatre，19：30-21：10 every evening）

Accommodation：Beijing downtown

Day 3：Beijing city sightseeing & Local experience

Your guide meets you at the hotel at 8 am and set out for the day's touring：Tian'anmen Square and the Forbidden City．

After visiting the two sites，have a break and get ready for lunch．

Hutong visit：see some traditional arts of the old Beijing，such as paper cutting and kite making，and visit a local family．

Accommodation：Beijing downtown

Day 4：Beijing Olympic sites

Visit the Olympic sites：Bird's Nest，Water Cube and Olympic Park，witnessing the fast developing modern China．Enjoy some free time after visiting the sites．

After lunch，it is shopping time and then the tour is over．