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It doesn’t look like the heart of a green revolution. The huge chimneys stick up above the line of pine trees and don’t make for the most scenic view as you wander around the clear blue waters of the nearby lake.
But it is this power plant that has helped the small Swedish city of Vaxjo become arguably the greenest place in Europe. On closer observation, the only thing emerging from the chimneys is the faintest mists of steam. And inside it smells more like a sauna(桑拿) than a furnace(炉子). That’s because it is not oil fuelling the plant, but woodchip and other wood waste from the area’s sawmills. And as well as generating electricity, it also supplies 90 per cent of this southern Swedish town with heating and hot water.
The gases produced as the wood burns are changed into liquid form, and are purified before they reach the chimney. And instead of wasting this liquid, the power plant pumps it around town. Some runs out of the town’s public taps; the rest is directed through pipes that run through individual heaters, warming homes and offices.
The pile of wood chippings in the yard towers above head height and takes almost five minutes to walk around. That’s enough to keep Vaxjo warm on the snowiest day in winter, or supply it with hot water for a fortnight in summer, and it’s good way of using the paper industry’s waste. As well as the centuries-- old Swedish policy of planting a new tree for every one felled, the ashes swept out of the furnace each day find their way back to the forest as fertilizer(肥料).
It was this green plant that netted Vaxjo the European Union’s award for sustainable(可持续的)development, making it the greenest city on the continent.
However, it is not just the citizen’s consciences and moral histories to which the town’s current day authorities are appealing. They know how to talk to their wallets too. Oil-generated electricity costs about 16,000 kronor a year(£1,170) per person, while the new power plant’s electricity comes in at two thirds of the price.
They’ve been planning for over ten years to become a “Fossil Fuel Free City”. But according to Anders Franzen, the head of planning and development department at the city council: “The battle in the energy sector has been won, yes, but the next battleground is transport.”
【小题1】What’s the main reason for “inside it smells more like a sauna than a furnace”?
A.It is surrounded by pine trees.
B.It produces lots of hot water.
C.It is fuelled by woodchip and wood waste .
D.It sends out the smoke from the chimneys.
【小题2】It can be concluded from the passage that the power plant          .
A.promotes tree planting
B.makes full use of waste
C.relies heavily on paper industry
D.mainly supplies hot water and heating
【小题3】What impresses the town’s current-- day authorities most?
A.The citizens’ consciences.
B.The town’s moral histories.
C.The lower cost of electricity
D.The award for sustainable development
【小题4】What Anders Franzen said in the last paragraph indicates that           .
A.they will continue their effort in green plan
B.they have great difficulty in transport
C.they have no room for further development
D.they are perfectly content with the achievement
2015·湖北宜昌·一模
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Electric cars have been gaining popularity in recent years, and for good reason. Not only are they cost-effective in the long run, but they also offer many benefits for the environment. Here are three reasons why electric cars are great for the planet.

One of the biggest advantages of electric cars is that they produce zero emissions (排放). Unlike gasoline cars that emit harmful pollutants into the air, electric cars are powered by electricity that is generated from renewable sources such as wind or solar power. This means that when you drive an electric car, you’re not only saving money on gas, but you’re also helping to improve air quality.

Electric cars also save more energy than gasoline cars. When you drive a gasoline car, only about 20% of the energy made by the fuel is actually used to move the car forward. The rest of the energy is lost to heat and other things. Electric cars, on the other hand, convert (转化) almost 100% of the energy stored in the battery into motion. This means that electric cars can travel further on the same amount of energy, which is great news for the environment.

Another benefit of electric cars is that they reduce our dependence on fossil fuels. Gasoline cars are powered by gasoline, which is a non-renewable resource that is taken from the earth. As we continue to use gasoline, we’re using the earth’s natural resources and contributing to climate change. By driving electric cars, we can reduce our need for gasoline and move towards renewable sources of energy.

In conclusion, electric cars offer many benefits for the environment, including zero emissions, energy efficiency, and reduced need on fossil fuels. As more people make the switch to electric cars, we can help to create a cleaner and more sustainable future for ourselves and for future generations.

【小题1】What’s an advantage of electric cars from the text?
A.They are cheap.B.They run faster.
C.They are eco-friendly.D.They use batteries.
【小题2】Where does most of the energy in gasoline cars end up in?
A.The motion to move a car.B.The heat and other things.
C.The storage to travel further.D.The money saved to buy a new car.
【小题3】What can be known about the impact of gasoline cars?
A.They help to clean the air.B.They give out harmful gases.
C.They consume fuel completely.D.They have a promising future.
【小题4】What may the follow-up paragraph focus on?
A.The future of the next generation.B.The skills for the young to drive a car.
C.The development of green economy.D.The way to produce more electric cars.

“How many of us as children have stared up at a church-like top of a giant tree and climbed it in wonder, which is a rally special part of our lives?” asks Bill Laurance, a tropical ecologist at James Cook University. “The leaves of big trees in forests are spreading out in all directions. We’re faced with organisms that have evolved for long periods of ecological stability.”

“There’s a lot to discuss on the issue,” says David Lindenmayer, a conservation ecologist at the Australian National University. “Climate change will mean that, in some forests, big trees won’t reach the same sizes they used to.” The effects of climate change, including long droughts, more invasive species and so on increase the simple physical challenges that big trees face in pulling water from their roots to their leaves and withstanding windstorms.

Lindenmayer and Laurance define “large, old trees” as the largest five percent mature trees within a species. The flexible definition means that in some forests, the large, old trees might be only 20 meters tall and 100 years old.

These large, old trees control the surrounding plant communities, affect water and nutrient distribution, and provide food and shelter for wildlife. “They’re really the breadbaskets of the forest,” says Laurance. “This is a very environmentally and ecologically important group of organisms, and they need special care and handling.” Determining the distribution and habitat requirements for large, old trees in the landscape is the first step towards ensuring their survival, “We have to ensure that what we’re thinking is long-term, to match the way these trees have existed for hundreds or even thousands of years,” says Laurance. “It’s going to be a real challenge to keep some places where there is still wildlife and the big church-like trees that we all really care about.”

【小题1】How does the author lead in the topic of the text?
A.By definition.B.By comparison.
C.By quoting someone’s words.D.By drawing some conclusions.
【小题2】What can we learn about big trees from paragraph 2?
A.They are affected by various factors.
B.They have become shorter but thicker.
C.They easily pull water from their roots.
D.They grow taller because of climate change.
【小题3】Which of the following does Laurance want to express in the last paragraph?
A.The plants around control trees’ survival.
B.It is necessary to take good care of big trees.
C.Big trees mainly depend on wildlife for survival.
D.Planting big trees is the first step in forest protection.
【小题4】What can be the best title for the text?
A.Protect Forest Giants
B.Keep Ecological Stability
C.Deal with Forest Organisms
D.Fight Against Climate Change

Every April 22 people come together to take action that will protect the environment. One theme of Earth Day is “Invest (投资) In Our Planet”. So how is investment in eco-innovation helping to deliver a more sustainable future?

When it comes to the environment, it can be argued that the technology industry is both the problem and the solution. Tech is responsible for between 3.5% and 4% of global greenhouse gas emissions (排放物). And the EU believes the Information and Communication Technology (ICT) sector is responsible for10% of all electricity consumption. On the other hand, we all want a sustainable future for the planet. Yet we also want the convenience and fun of modern living. Obviously, only eco-innovation can deliver the solutions.

Eco-innovation is the key to doing more with less. All over the world, and across many different industries, innovators are working to reduce the human footprint while improving productivity. Innovative farming is a good example.

Until recently, most agricultural improvements focused on the development of machines. Now digital tools are causing a new wave of efficiency. Innovative farming companies look to increase farm efficiency and reduce input waste through farming techniques. And they are using real-time devices located in the field or in equipment. The data collected by these devices help farmers make better decisions about where to provide effort and resources while reducing the environmental footprint.

As people’s awareness of environmental protection continues to increase, the tech industry needs to keep working on the inventions like those described above. These breakthroughs will help us all to do more with less. Also, tech companies are facing calls to keep their own houses in order. Lawmakers and consumers want them to use fewer materials in the production process and rethink their approach to recycling and waste. The good news is that governments and eco-innovative companies have already carried out a major clean-up mission.

【小题1】What can we learn about the technology industry according to paragraph 2?
A.It contributes to saving electricity.
B.It will change our traditional way of life.
C.It benefits and damages the environment.
D.It is a major cause of greenhouse gas emissions.
【小题2】Which of the following plays an important role in agricultural improvement?
A.The use of digital equipment.B.The training of farmers.
C.The collection of resources.D.The invention of machines.
【小题3】What are tech companies expected to do?
A.Build more greenhouses.B.Meet the market requirements.
C.Watch their environmental behavior.D.Change their management style.
【小题4】What is the best title for the text?
A.The long-term goal of Earth Day
B.Modern farming and technological change
C.The key to the development of technology industry
D.Eco-innovation and environmental protection

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