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“Renewable energy development is a critically important component of the transition away from fossil fuels, making our air cleaner. However, bird death has become an unintended consequence of renewable energy development,” said Hannah Vander Zanden, an assistant professor of biology at the University of Florida. Birds can be killed when they hit wind turbines (涡轮机), fly into solar panels they mistake for bodies of water or get burned by the intense heat from concentrating solar power plants. While the death rate of birds due to these energy facilities is far less than deaths due to domestic cats and crashes with buildings, efforts to deal with this new problem are important, scientists say.

Vander Zanden and her colleagues performed geospatial (地理空间的) analyses of stable hydrogen isotope (氢同位素) data obtained from feathers of 871 individual birds found dead at these renewable energy facilities in California, which represented 24 species. Results from the study show that the birds killed at the facilities were from a broad area across the continent. Their geographical origins varied among species and included a mix of local and nonlocal birds. Researchers found most birds killed at solar facilities were nonlocal and peaked during the migratory periods of April and September through October. The percentage of migratory birds found at wind facilities nearly matched that of local birds, at 51%.

“The data can help inform us about the best strategies to use to minimize the deaths,” Vander Zanden said. “For example, facilities management could work with conservationists to improve the local habitat to help protect local birds or improve other parts of the species’ range where the migratory birds originate.” The results also illustrate the power of stable isotope data to assess future population growth or decline patterns for birds due to a variety of reasons.

“Studying the remains of animals like what we did is a noninvasive approach to get information that is otherwise hard to track and apply to conservation,” Vander Zanden said. “It’s a great way to understand the mysteries about animals.”

【小题1】What is the new threat to birds according to Vander Zanden?
A.The high-rise buildings.B.The loss of natural habitats.
C.The devastating climate change.D.The rise of renewable energy facilities.
【小题2】What did Vander Zanden and her colleagues discover in their study?
A.Solar facilities were primarily responsible for bird death.
B.Non-migratory birds faced a greater death risk at wind facilities.
C.Migratory birds were more affected by solar facilities than local ones.
D.The bird death rate was closely associated with migration patterns.
【小题3】What can we infer from Vander Zanden’s words?
A.Animals hold many mysteries to humans.
B.The research possesses scientific significance.
C.Keeping track of and analyzing birds is challenging.
D.The remains of dead birds should be well conserved.
【小题4】What does the passage mainly talk about?
A.Renewable energy is a two-edged sword.
B.Solar energy is a major cause of birds’ death.
C.Studying birds promotes energy development.
D.Birds are threatened by renewable energy facilities.
2024·山西太原·一模
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When Finn the golden retriever (寻回犬) was diagnosed with a terminal cancer in May , his family decided to do something special to make his last days on earth brighter—and made a doggie bucket list.

Cynthia and Robert Peterson, who live in Burlington, Vermont, wanted to treasure his last days as part of their family. The family said that the idea is to “make him comfortable, make him happy, Spoil him a little bit”.

They said the list is full of fun and includes everything that Finn would want to do. Finn has already completed over half of the ten activities on his bucket list and there are an exciting mixture of things he’s set to do. Some of them are fairly regular dog activities like going for a hike, playing fetch, having a steak dinner, making a new friend and walking along the beach. There’re also some more unusual activities like taking a hot air balloon ride , going apple picking and having a song written about him.

People on social media have found the sweet idea by Finn’s family heartwarming. One person commented on the video:“An animal is so often more than a pet, the unconditional bond and love they pro-vide is a reward in itself. But this couple show their own love back for Finn ten times.” The family said that they think Finn has inspired others to live “more authentically”.

The family have appealed for help with his final bucket list activity. The family say they need help to have a children’s book written about him. Cynthia and Robert are raising money for the book on their Go Fund Me page.

【小题1】Why did Finn’s owners make the bucket list?
A.To brighten his last days.B.To rid him of pain.
C.To raise money from public.D.To help to cure the cancer.
【小题2】What do we know about the bucket list?
A.It lists tasks full of challenges.B.It focuses on physical sports.
C.It contains some special activities.D.It is designed by people online.
【小题3】How did people react to the bucket list?
A.They were touched.B.They donated money.
C.They attacked the idea.D.They rewarded the owners.
【小题4】Which activity on the bucket list needs people’s help now?
A.Going apple picking.B.Offering comfort to other pets.
C.Taking a hot air balloon ride.D.Having a specially-written book.

Why should mankind explore space? Why should money, time and effort be spent exploring and researching something with so few apparent benefits? Why should resources be spent on space rather than on conditions and people on Earth? These are questions that, understandably, are very often asked.

Perhaps the best answer lies in our genetic makeup as human beings. What drove our ancestors to move from the trees into the plains, and on into all possible areas and environments? The wider the spread of a species, the better its chance of survival. Perhaps the best reason for exploring space is this genetic tendency to expand wherever possible.

Nearly every successful civilization has explored, because by doing so, any dangers in surrounding areas can be identified and prepared for. Without knowledge, we may be completely destroyed by the danger. With knowledge, we can lessen its effects.

Exploration also allows minerals and other potential resources to be found. Even if we have no immediate need of them, they will perhaps be useful later. Resources may be more than physical possessions. Knowledge or techniques have been acquired through exploration. The techniques may have medical applications which can improve the length or quality of our lives. We have already benefited from other spin-offs including improvements in earthquake prediction, in satellites for weather forecasting and in communications systems. Even non-stick pans and mirrored sunglasses are by-products (副产品) of technological developments in the space industry.

While many resources are spent on what seems a small return, the exploration of space allows creative, brave and intelligent members of our species to focus on what may serve to save us. While space may hold many wonders and explanations of how the universe was formed or how it works, it also holds dangers. The danger exists, but knowledge can help human being to survive. Without the ability to reach out across space, the chance to save ourselves might not exist.

While Earth is the only planet known to support life, surely the adaptive ability of humans would allow us to live on other planets. It is true that the lifestyle would be different, but human life and cultures have adapted in the past and surely could in the future.

【小题1】Why does the author mention the questions in Paragraph1?
A.To express his doubts.B.To compare different ideas.
C.To describe the conditions on Earth.D.To introduce points for discussion.
【小题2】What is the reason for exploring space based on Paragraph2?
A.Humans have the tendency to fight.B.Humans are nature-born to do so.
C.Humans may find new sources of food.D.Humans don’t like to stay in the same place.
【小题3】What makes it possible for humans to live on other planets?
A.The adaptive ability of humans.B.Resources on the earth.
C.Our genetic makeup.D.By-products in space exploration.
【小题4】Which of the statements can best sum up the passage?
A.Space exploration has created many wonders.
B.Space exploration provided the best value for money.
C.Space exploration may help us avoid potential problems on Earth.
D.Space exploration may benefit science and technology.

Avoiding the worst effects of climate change will require action. But it’s hard to take action when you don’t even know there’s a problem. Around the world, only half of adults understand that humans are causing climate change through activities that produce greenhouse gases. But the picture is different for kids. Previous work has shown that children are more engaged and more knowledgeable than adults are about climate change. The question is, can we harness this to make a difference?

“We had come across this idea that kids are capable of influencing their parents. And when we say influence, we really mean just teaching them.” said Daniella Lawson, a social scientist at NC State University. “That’s what we set out to really investigate: can we design things in such a way that kids are able to teach their parents about climate change. A parent is willing and able to listen to their children speaking to them instead of just an adult on the street or a different climate communicator. ”

To test the idea, Lawson set up a wildlife-based climate course for kids. This approach was based on previous courses, but the team added a twist: involving the parents. First, parents were invited to come along to an event that formed a part of the course. And that’s not all. “So we also had students interview their parents. And this interview never mentioned climate change specifically. But it had questions like: how have you seen the weather change over the last five to ten years? Do you believe the sea level is rising? How do you think that could impact our communities?”

The study showed that the course did indeed increase concern about climate change: not just among the kids, but their parents too. And there were some surprising findings in the results. These findings come at a time when more kids are becoming climate activists. And Lawson says that her study shows just how persuasive young people’s voices can be.

【小题1】What does the underlined word “harness” in paragraph one refer to?
A.Adopt.B.Accumulate.
C.Review.D.Control.
【小题2】What can be learned from the first paragraph?
A.Effective actions have been taken to deal with climate change.
B.Most adults have realized the climate damages caused by themselves.
C.Children better adults in the area of climate change and its effects.
D.Adults and children will cooperate to deal with climate change.
【小题3】About climate change teaching, which one will Daniella Lawson most probably agree with?
A.Kids can be taught by adults.
B.Adults can learn from the kids.
C.Climate communicators are more professional.
D.Parents are more likely to consult street adults.
【小题4】What can be learned about the course?
A.The course involved is completely new.
B.Interviews and questionnaires are necessary in the course.
C.Adults and kids study separately during the course.
D.The course is relatively effective in climate education.

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