The production of coffee beans is a huge，profitable business，but，unfortunately，full­sun production is taking over the industry and bringing about a lot of damage.The change in how coffee is grown from shade­grown production to full­sun production endangers the very existence of，certain animals and birds，and even disturbs the world's ecological balance.

On a local level，the damage of the forest required by full­sun fields affects the area's birds and animals.The shade of the forest trees provides a home for birds and other species(物种) that depend on the trees' flowers and fruits.Full­sun coffee growers destroy this forest home. As a result，many species are quickly dying out.

On a more global level，the destruction of the rainforest for full­sun coffee fields also threatens(威胁)human life.Medical research often makes use of the forests' plant and animal life，and the destruction of such species could prevent researchers from finding cures for certain diseases.In addition，new coffee­growing techniques are poisoning the water locally, and eventually the world's groundwater.

Both locally and globally, the continued spread of full­sun coffee plantations(种植园) could mean the destruction of the rainforest ecology.The loss of shade trees is already causing a slight change in the world's climate，and studies show that the loss of oxygen­giving trees also leads to air pollution and global warming.Moreover，the new growing techniques are contributing to acidic(酸性的) soil conditions.

It is obvious that the way much coffee is grown affects many aspects of life，from the local environment to the global ecology.But consumers do have a choice.They can purchase shade­grown coffee whenever possible，although at a higher cost.The future health of the planet and mankind is surely worth more than an inexpensive cup of coffee.

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In the past few weeks, Richard Eckersley has noticed a change in the type of people who come into his shop. In 2017, the former Manchester United footballer set up Earth. Food. Love in Tones, Devon, with his wife, Nicola. It’s the UK’s first “zero waste” store—the food is in big jars and boxes and people bring their own containers. “A lot of new people are coming in-people who have not necessarily been interested in environmental issues before”, he says.

Recently, the government called for supermarkets to introduce plastic-free passageways. But Eckersley says many customers are already way ahead of politicians. He and Nicola have helped people set up similar stores in Wales, Birmingham, and Bristol. Ingrid Caldironi had a similar idea. She set up a plastic-free shop in London last year, which has been so popular that it is soon moving to a bigger site.

Eckersley and Caldironi are members of an anti-plastics movement in the UK that has been growing as a result of the BBC’s Blue Planet series and a general worry about the damage plastic is doing to the environment. But big supermarkets have so far not tried very hard to reduce their plastic waste. Sian Sutherland, founder of the movement “A Plastic Planet”, says, “The most exciting thing is that politicians and industry are no longer saying that recycling will solve the problem. Banning the use of plastic packaging for food and drink products is the only answer.” Walking down the passageways of the supermarket where everything from pizza to fresh fruit and vegetables is covered in plastic. Sutherland says immediate action is needed.

Plastic pollution is causing widespread global damage. More than one million plastic bottles are bought around the world every minute, and most end up in landfill or the sea. The contamination is so wide that tap water around the world also contains plastic.

Yvon Chouinard, who started the clothing company Patagonia, gave all the stock in the company to a trust and a non-profit in September 2022. Mr Chouinard and his family have turned over the $3 billion company to an organization that will work to fight climate change.

Mr Chouinard is a rock climber who began climbing in the 1960s. Back then, he created a company that made climbing equipment. The business closed, but Mr Chouinard was left with a lifelong love of the outdoors and a respect for the environment.

Mr Chouinard began Patagonia in the 1970s. Patagonia sells clothes aimed at outdoor activities. Over time, the company changed the way it did business to do a better job of protecting the environment. Since 1986, Patagonia has given 1% of the money it makes from sales to groups that work to protect the environment.

Mr Chouinard is now 83 years old. He was worried about what might happen after he died. He and his family wanted to find a way for Patagonia to do even more to fight climate change. He was afraid that if he sold the company, the new owners might not work so hard to protect the environment.

So he came up with a new and unusual plan: he gave his company away. And he did it in a way that helped protect both the company and the environment.

Mr Chouinard gave away 2% of the company to a small group called the Patagonia Purpose Trust. This group will still be run largely by Mr Chouinard’s family. It will make all the decisions about the way the company is managed. The group’s job is to make sure that the company is still run in the same way.

The other 98% of the company has been given to a non-profit group called the Holdfast Collective. The goal of the Holdfast Collective is to fight climate change and to protect wild land. The profit that Patagonia makes—about $100 million every year—will go to this organization.