As a young child, Ann Makosinski would spend hours experimenting with her toys and other everyday objects around her to create her own inventions.

Now a first-year Arts student, Makosinski is a well-known inventor and entrepreneur(创业者).

She won the 2015 Sustainable Entrepreneurship Award of Excellence, 【小题1】 recognizes innovative business solutions to social problems—the same recognition given to Barack Obama in 2014. Her own inventions, the Hollow Flashlight and the e-Drink, have been causing excitement internationally 【小题2】 their creation.

At the age of 15, Makosinski created a prototype(原型)for a flashlight 【小题3】(power) by the heat of one’s hand. This invention was the result of a ninth grade science project, but Makosinski’s goal was 【小题4】(offer)a practical solution to people with unlimited access to power and electricity.

“I’m half-Filipino and half-Polish, and one of my friends from the Philippines told me that she failed school 【小题5】 she couldn’t afford electricity. She had no light to study with at night, so that was kind of the inspiration,”Makosinski explained.“I’ve always been interested in doing science projects, so I thought, why don’t I find a way to provide her and a lot of other people with light?”

The Hollow Flashlight is made from Peltier tiles(珀耳贴贴片)that produce energy when one side 【小题6】(heat)and the other side remains cool. The flashlight can produce a steady beam of LED light for 20 minutes, 【小题7】(use)only the warmth of the human hand.

Her advice to other student innovators?“Start now. There 【小题8】 be nothing holding you back. Some students at colleges or even in high school think‘Oh, I’m a student. I just need to study.’

【小题9】 may think it important to make friends and be social. The truth is, you can do a lot of other things. You can do 【小题10】 you want. Just go ahead.”

The Hong Kong-Zhuhai-Macau Bridge is a series of bridges and tunnels 【小题1】connect the west side of Hong Kong to Macau and the city of Zhuhai, which are 【小题2】(situate) on the west side of the Pearl River Delta. With its length, it will become one of the 【小题3】(landmark) within the area.

The bridge 【小题4】(benefit) the economic development of the whole of the Delta. For Hong Kong, the project will enable the city to continue 【小题5】(it) status as an international aviation and shipping centre. The Bridge will also help realize the strategic benefits of 【小题6】 (promote) the social-economic development of the western Pearl River. In linking up Hong Kong, Macau and Zhuhai, the bridge will form a systematic regional transport network and provide an overland link. This link will 【小题7】(full) shorten the travelling time 【小题8】the eastern and western sides of the southern tip of the Pearl River Delta. 【小题9】(fast) economic cooperation between Hong Kong and the region is expected with the increasing flows of people, goods and even capital. With closer economic tie to its neighbouring region, Hong Kong can play 【小题10】leading role in driving the economic development in South China.

Human history has a few common themes, one of which is the written word.

Humans have been printing and writing since 3000 BC—the Ancient Egyptians as well as the Chinese 【小题1】 (use) stamps that were unlike those available today to imprint images onto cloth. Paper wouldn’t follow for a few thousand years, when the Chinese scholar Ts’ai Lun allegedly made 【小题2】 first piece of paper in 105 AD, but the human race was already obsessed with printing by this stage.

In Europe, books were literally handwritten until around the 11th century. By the 12th century Europe was making 【小题3】 (it) own paper, and by the 13th century bronze typefaces are being created. Books were 【小题4】 (definite) being printed using these early printing presses by 1397 AD.

Printing 【小题5】 (technique) were not just focused on words — images were also printed using woodcuts. Woodcuts were scenes that were engraved into a block of wood, 【小题6】 was then covered in ink and applied to the material to be printed on. Woodcuts were 【小题7】 (advanced) in Europe than the printed word in the 15th century, as printing 【小题8】 (be) expensive and most books were still written by hand. The library at the University of Cambridge at this time contained just 122 books.

It was not 【小题9】 1837 that colour printing began to resemble what we see today, with full colour adverts appearing for the first time. Offset printing arrived in 1904—this method is still widely used today for 【小题10】 (print) newspapers and magazines.