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Scientists have not found any signs of life on Mars yet, but they say a robotic vehicle called “Curiosity” is helping them learn a lot about the planet’ s history and climate.

Curiosity landed on Mars in August 2012 after travelling through space for more than eight months. It was sent to Mars by scientists from NASAin the United States.

Curiosity is about the size of a car and has six wheels. It also has a robotic arm, cameras, and instruments that allow it to examine things it finds on the surface. Then it sends the information back to the earth.Curiosity' s main task is to find out if anything could live on Mars, either now or in the past. On Nov.2,NASA scientists held a press conference (新闻发布会) to discuss what Curiosit y had found in its first two months onMars.

Curiosity has found soil that is similar to the sand formed by volcanoes (火山) on the earth. Scientists say that studying the minerals in Martian soil will help them understand what conditions were like on the planet in the past.

Curiosity also found smooth stones like the ones found on river beds and seashores on the earth, where their rough edges have been worn down by water. Mars is very cold and dry now, but scientists say the smooth stones tell them that a river used to run through the place where they were found.

Curiosity has been testing the atmosphere around Mars for a type of gas called methane (甲烷), but so fari t has not found any. On the earth, most methane is produced by plants or animals. Methane on Mars might indicate that some type of tiny plants or animals lived there.

Curiosity is the fourth robotic vehicle to be sent to Mars. It will continue to explore the planet for about two years :

【小题1】Which of the following descriptions about Curiosit y is TRUE?
A.It landed on Mars in January 2012.
B.It is small in size and has four arms.
C.It took over eight months to arrive in Mars. V. S.
D.It was sent to Mars by scientists from Russia.
【小题2】According to the information sent back by Curiosity, scientists believe that        .
A.there’ s no air on MarsB.Mars is warm and wet now
C.the soil on Mars is richD.there used to be water on Mars
【小题3】The underlined word “they” in Paragraph 5 refers to “       ”.
A.smooth stonesB.rivers
C.robotic vehiclesD.volcanoes
【小题4】We know from the sixth paragraph that          .
A.some tiny animals once lived on Mars
B.there are no plants or animals on Mars now
C.the atmosphere around Mars is full of methane
D.Curiosity is designed to test the atmosphere around the earth
23-24高二下·内蒙古·阶段练习
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New rules and behavior standards (行为规范)for middle school students came out in March. Middle school is going to use a new way to decide who the top students are. The best students won’t only have high marks. They will also be kids who don’t dye (染) their hair, smoke or drink. The following are some of the new rules.

Tell the truth. Have you ever copied someone else’s work on an exam? Don’t do it again! That’s not something an honest student should do. If you have played computer games for two hours in your room, don’t tell your parents you have done homework.

Do more at school. Good students love animals and care for other people. April is Bird-loving Month in China. Is your school doing anything to celebrate? You should join! That way, you can learn more about animals and how to protect them. When more people work together, it makes it more fun for everyone.

Have you ever quarreled with your teammates when our basketball lost? Only working together can make your team stronger. Be friendly to the people you are with. Try to think of others, not only yourself.

Be open to new ideas. Have you ever thought that people could live on the moon? Maybe you’ll discover Earth Ⅱ someday. Don’t look down on new ideas. Everyone’s ideas are important. You should welcome them, because new ideas make life better for everyone.

Protect yourself. Has someone ever taken money from one of your classmates? Don’t let it happen to you. If you have to go home late you should let your parents know.

Use the Internet carefully. The Internet can be very useful for your studies. But some things on the Internet aren’t for kids, so try to look at Web pages that are good for you. You can use the Web for fun or homework. Can’t you find any good Web sites for children? Here some:http://kids.eastday.com/http://www.chinakids.net.com/http://www.cycnet.com

【小题1】The school new rules will help kids by telling them ______.
A.how they can study wellB.what they should do at school
C.what is right and what is wrongD.how they can protect themselves
【小题2】According to the passage, which of the following is NOT true?
A.Take care of yourself when you are out.
B.Tell the truth, even when you are wrong.
C.Keep some animals to protect them.
D.Use the Internet, but keep away from bad things.
【小题3】The main idea of the fourth paragraph is about ______.
A.making the team weakerB.working together with others
C.being a good friend to othersD.getting on badly with others
【小题4】Good Web sites for children can ______.
A.be a waste of timeB.help them with their studies
C.do homework for themD.make life easier

It wasn’t that long ago that TV advertising was the center of big companies with bigger budgets hoping to raise awareness and interest of their brands (品牌).

But the explosive (骤增的) growth of Connected TV (CTV) ruined the traditional model. Yes, major well-known names are still booming on television, but new brands of all backgrounds can unlock the benefits of TV, no matter their size or spend. That’s certainly a well-proven story. Still, one important question remains: Who are these brands that are redefining (重新定义) TV advertising?

The truth is just about every company can now be a TV advertiser. Brands were often locked out unless they unwillingly accepted late-night programs or struggling networks, well-known names hoping to measure standards that go beyond brand awareness, direct — to consumer (DTC) businesses with TV dreams and a digital advertising budget, or business — to business brands in need of changing.

So why are brands pouring to CTV? Because that’s where the audiences are. In fact, eMarketer estimates that 213.7 million viewers are watching CTV every month.

Ad dollars are following that viewership (观众人数): 41 of brands are rescheduling their social budgets toward CTV. And as the list of streaming platforms (直播平台) with or planning to include advertising grows (HB) Max, Hulu, Peacock, Disney+, and Netflix, more dollars are likely to follow.

But making the jump to CTV isn’t all about budget. Brands have been slow to do it due to a long lack of TV experience, concerns about responsibility, and an uncertainty around how to approach the enormous medium creatively and effectively.

There are still a lot of questions surrounding this new range of opportunity. So, let’s get up close and personal with three brands to understand why they’ve made the jump into CTV and finally, how they became successful CTV advertisers.

【小题1】What can we infer from the second paragraph?
A.Traditional TV advertising is up-to-date.
B.The Connected TV needs famous brands.
C.TV advertising cannot support big companies.
D.Some brands in TV advertising are questionable.
【小题2】Why do brands jump to CTV according to the text?
A.High viewer ratings.B.Flexible budget plans.
C.Creative trade access.D.Convenient business model.
【小题3】What is the author’s attitude towards CTV advertising?
A.Neutral.B.Positive.C.Unclear.D.Disapproving
【小题4】What is probably continued with the text?
A.Brands which make it.B.Questions to be dealt with.
C.Approaches to be explored.D.Media that need transforming

Professors at the University of California San Diego have developed microrobots, which can be a potential treatment for life-threatening cases of bacterial pneumonia, a serious disease affecting lungs and making breathing difficult. In mice, the microrobots safely removed pneumonia-causing bacteria in the lungs and resulted in 100% survival while untreated mice all died within three days after infection.

The microrobots are made of algae (藻类) cells whose surfaces are covered with substances that are filled with antibiotics (抗生素). The algae provides movement, which allows the microrobots to swim around and make antibiotics go directly to more bacteria in the lungs, helping absorb bacteria and clear them of infected cells. This give the microrobots the ability to reduce bacterial infection, which in turn makes them more effective at fighting lung infection.

The work is a joint effort by engineering professors Joseph and Zhang Liangfang. Together, they have pioneered the development of tiny drug-delivering robots that can be safely used in live animals to treat bacterial infections in the stomach and blood. Treating bacterial lung infection is the latest in their line of work.

“In the traditional treatment, sometimes only a very small number of antibiotics will get into the lungs. That’s why many current antibiotic treatments for pneumonia don’t work as well as needed,” said Victor Nizet, a co-worker of Joseph and Zhang “Based on these mouse data, we see that the microrobots could potentially improve the use of antibiotics to kill bacteria and save more patients’ lives.”

The work is still at the proof-of-concept stage. The team plans to do more basic research to understand exactly how the microrobots interact with the immune system (免疫系统). Next steps also include studies to confirm the effectiveness of the microrobot treatment before testing it in larger animals and eventually, in humans. “We’re pushing the boundary further in the field of targeted drug delivery,” said Zhang.

【小题1】How do microrobots work?
A.By doing targeted drug delivery.
B.By interacting with antibiotic-filled matter.
C.By producing algae cells in lungs.
D.By separating harmful cells from healthy ones.
【小题2】What is Victor Nizet’s attitude towards the invention?
A.Doubtful.B.Subjective.C.Cautious.D.Favorable.
【小题3】What does the team expect of the microrobots?
A.They’ll inspire a new line of research.
B.They’ll help strengthen the immune system.
C.They’ll have a wider range of application.
D.They’ll be a further proof of their concept.
【小题4】What is the text mainly about?
A.A scientific invention treating deadly cancers.
B.Tiny swimming robots helping treat pneumonia.
C.A major breakthrough made in antibiotic research.
D.Microrobots employed in the engineering field.

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