For centuries, sunmao structures 【小题1】 (provide) strong and durable supports for Chinese wooden architecture.

Large components of traditional Chinese wooden architecture,【小题2】 (include) columns, beams, purlins and dougong, are often pieced together using sunmao structures. The convex sun and the concave mao, when interlocked, both support and contain the nearby parts. This boosts 【小题3】 (stable), but also adds flexibility to the architecture, strong enough to resist earthquakes. Craftsmen can make and process the components in advance and assemble them quickly on site, 【小题4】 is simple and efficient.

The Hemudu site in Yuyao, East China’s Zhejiang province,_ 【小题5】 (date) back around 7,000 years. Hundreds of wooden components with sunmao structures have been unearthed from the remains of stilted houses there, the 【小题6】 (early) known application of sunmao structures in China in wooden-frame buildings.

Since the Shang and Zhou dynasties, generations of carpenters have produced more than a hundred types of sunmao structures. From such, 【小题7】 whole set of systematic methods was designed, from selecting locations and choosing materials, 【小题8】 structure, measurements, manufacture and assembly.

For the craftsmen and people who have lived in and among the spaces 【小题9】 (define) by it across China, wood and wooden structures have always been an important part of Chinese architecture.

Their styles may differ, but they all share the same root. Chinese 【小题10】 (people) love of nature and pursuit of harmonious coexistence is also embedded within.

Coffee is an 【小题1】(importance) part of   Italian culture. I have drunk a lot of it since I arrived here six months ago. The coffee culture in Italy is 【小题2】(complete) different from that in the UK. In Italy, when you order 【小题3】 cup of coffee in a cafe, you are presented with a tiny, bitter espresso (浓咖啡).

Takeaway coffee is very popular among the British, but it is not common in Italy, espe- cially in those 【小题4】 (area) where there are few tourists. Generally, people in Italy prefer to drink their tiny coffee while they are standing at the bar. For many of 【小题5】 (they), this short break is a part of their day.

Breakfast in a bar in Italy 【小题6】 (include) a coffee and a pastry (糕点).Cappuccinos (卡 布奇诺咖啡)are very popular at breakfast. A cup of cappuccino is the perfect way of 【小题7】(start) the day for me. I think it’s nice for people 【小题8】 (go) to a bar to have a coffee for breakfast before work.

Finally, a thing 【小题9】 has been found by me is that coffee in Italy is much cheaper. That means in Italy it is possible to go out for coffee every day 【小题10】 spending much money.

Of all the pastimes (消遣) that the Chinese 【小题1】 (bring) to a fine art since the dawn of civilization, tea drinking is one of the most typical and it requires 【小题2】 highly trained mind as well as palate (味觉)【小题3】 (appreciate) it to the full.

Moreover, there is a book known as the Cha-Ching or Tea Classic, which shows us that in former centuries tea drinking in this country was developed to an even 【小题4】 (high) form of art than is the case today. Among other things that we are told in this delightful book is the fact 【小题5】   tea should be drunk from green transparent cups, in order that the light, shining through the cup, may reveal the delicate beauty of the colouring of the tea.

【小题6】 the Cha-Ching is no longer a popular book, tea drinking still persists in many parts of the country. Almost every part of China has 【小题7】 (it) own customs and 【小题8】 (prefer) with regard to tea. Not only do the ways of preparation and drinking differ 【小题9】 province to province, but even tea-houses take on 【小题10】 (vast) different characters.