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Every one of us may have been hurt by others — either by their words or actions. The best way to deal with the problem is to “forgive and forget”.

“It is well established that learning to forgive others can have positive benefits for one’s physical and mental health,” Saima Noreen, a scientist at the University of St. Andrews, UK, told the Huffington Post.

Recently, Noreen and her research team have found one more reason that you should stick to this principle — forgiving somebody who has hurt you makes it easier for you to forget the unhappy memory, according to their new study.

In the study, researchers asked volunteers to read descriptions of 40 different situations that contained bad actions such as stealing, lying and cheating. Imagining being the victims (受害者) , volunteers then had to decide whether they would be able to forgive. Two weeks later, volunteers took part in a memory test. In the test, they were shown a series of words related to the situations they had read about and then were asked to recall certain ones.

The results showed that people were less likely to remember the details of the unpleasant experiences if they had found forgiveness in their hearts. In contrast, if they hadn’t forgiven the mistake, they could always remember what had happened.

However, forgiving someone who has hurt you is always easier said than done. So Noreen hopes that one day in the near future research will give rise to powerful therapeutic (有疗效的) tools that will enable people to “forgive and forget” more effectively.

【小题1】What have Noreen and her team found recently?
A.They have found no reason to hurt other people.
B.A memory test is necessary to help people forgive.
C.An unpleasant experience can be easily forgotten.
D.Forgiving helps us to forget unhappy memories.
【小题2】The right order of the following steps of the study should be ______.
a. Take a memory test.     b. Imagine being a victim.
c. Decide whether to forgive or not.   d. Read descriptions of 40 different situations.
A.d→b→a→cB.d→b→c→aC.a→b→d→cD.a→d→b→c
【小题3】What does the underlined word “recall” in Paragraph 4 mean?
A.Remember.B.Translate.C.Choose.D.Explain.
【小题4】What can be inferred from the last paragraph?
A.It’s impossible to forgive someone.B.Noreen has finished her research report.
C.There may be some therapeutic tools soon.D.The therapeutic tools have been invented.
23-24高二下·四川南充·阶段练习
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Plagiarism is the act of representing another person’s words or ideas as your own. The offense may be as small as a sentence copied from a book. Or it may be as extensive as a whole paper copied—or bought—from somebody else.

Intellectual dishonesty is nothing new. The only difference now is that the Internet has made it much simpler to steal other people’s work. Yet the same technology that makes it easy to find information to copy also makes it easier to identify plagiarism.

Teachers can use online services that compare papers to thousands of others to search for copied work. The teacher gets a report on any passage that is similar enough to suspect plagiarism. These services are widely used. Turnitin.com, for example, says it is used in more than 100 countries and examines more than 130,000 papers a day.

Professional writers who plagiarize can be taken to civil court and ordered to pay damages. In schools, the punishment for cheating could be a failing grade on the paper or in the course. Some schools expel plagiarists for a term; others, for a full academic year. Some degrees have even been withdrawn after a school later found that a student had plagiarized.

Accidental plagiarism can sometimes result from cultural differences. At Indiana University in Bloomington, 60 percent of students who use the Office of Writing Tutorial Services are non-native English speakers. The director, Joanne Vogt, says some have no idea that copying from published works is considered wrong. She says students from China, for example, may think they are offending readers if they credit other people’s works. They believe that educated readers should already know where the information came from.

The more you give credit, the less you risk charge with plagiarism. Any sentence taken directly from a source should appear inside quotation marks. And even if you put those sentences into your own words, you should still give credit to where you got the information.

【小题1】According to the passage, what is the role of the Internet in Plagiarism?
A.The Internet contributes to people copying papers from others easily.
B.The Internet discourages people from choosing proper papers to copy.
C.The Internet enables people to share their papers with others.
D.The Internet helps people get their papers published online.
【小题2】We can infer from the passage that teachers know a paper is copied when they          .
A.happen to be familiar with the content of the paper
B.make investigations concerning the paper among students
C.search journal and magazines in the library for the original paper
D.compare the paper with many others online to search for the copied ones
【小题3】Which of the following has NOT been mentioned as the punishment for plagiarism?
A.Withdrawal of some degreesB.Being forced to leave school
C.A failing gradeD.Fine of a certain amount of money
【小题4】The underlined expression “give credit” in the last paragraph probably means         .
A.admit that the original writer has a good reputation
B.owe what you’ve quoted from other sources to the original writers
C.praise the original writer for providing useful information
D.give the original writer a credit card for your copying the paper

There is a photo in my collection that I pull out from time to time to remind myself of an old vacation. It’s a picture of me from the late 1970s on a bench in London’s Victoria Station, my head resting against a wall, eyes closed with tiredness, clothes messed up.

I used to love that shot. It was evidence of my leisure time, of travel, of interruption from the office: miles covered, sights seen, train stations raced through, goals achieved.

However, as I leave work to hit the vacation trail this summer, I take along something extra. This traveling companion has a habit of ruining trips with feelings of guilt—the guilt that comes from attempting to vacation while thinking of the job.

The conflict between the time we want off and the guilt we feel when we actually give in to leisure is a long-running battle that has gone too far, driven by an over-scheduling craze. It has made many feel as if their free moments are a form of truancy (玩忽职守).

It’s hard to take it easy when you’ve been programmed not to. We have been taught for generations that work is the only goal.

Time that is unfilled is evil, we are led to believe, and unplanned enjoyment should be avoided. This is reinforced today by a workplace culture that wants you to believe that advancement depends on your staying on the job.

Research now shows, however, that leisure time can do something job advancement and money can’t. Leisure activities increase your desire to work leadership skills, your sense of awareness and your ability to change. Free time also promotes a positive mood and sense of well-being, because it develops self-worth. Deep down, everyone knows we need time off to make our lives better.

On holiday, using your productive output as a measure of yourself doesn’t work. This is because a vacation isn’t about output; it’s about input — exploring, learning, reflecting. The magic of a holiday is in the experience itself. This is the same as life satisfaction; it can’t be measured, only felt.

The best part of a vacation isn’t going somewhere else; it’s being where you are, fully involved in the experience.

【小题1】The author mentions the photo at the beginning because ____.
A.it shows how exhausting leisure travel can be
B.it brings back good memories of a leisurely tour
C.it shows the writer once considered leisure travel as a goal in itself
D.it proves interruptions from the office do not spoil the enjoyment of travel
【小题2】What does the underlined phrase “this traveling companion” in Paragraph 3 refer to?
A.Enjoying leisure time.
B.Thinking of one’s goals.
C.Interruptions from the office.
D.The feeling of guilt for not working.
【小题3】What is one of the main benefits of leisure time according to the article?
A.It improves your productivity.
B.It is good for personal development.
C.It leads directly to job advancement.
D.It helps you see your goals in life more clearly.
【小题4】According to the author, what should we do while on vacation?
A.Avoid much unplanned enjoyment.
B.Ignore job advancement and money.
C.Judge the vacation by productive output.
D.Enjoy the experience of being on vacation.

Do you find it difficult to put down your mobile phone? If yes you are not alone. These days, many people can’t live without their phones. They reach for them as soon as they wake up in the morning. They keep checking their apps, such as QQ and Wechat, to get the latest news.

It may be difficult for these people to give up the bad habit, so Google developed an app called Dashboard to help them. This app helps users manage (管理) the time they spend on their phones. First, Dashboard allows the users to look at their phone habits. For example, users can see how many times they have unlocked their phones, how many times they have checked their apps, and how much time they spend on each app each day. Once the users see this information, they will be able to make some changes.

They can set a time limit (限制) for how long they can use each app every day. After they’ve hit the limit, they won’t be able to use the app until the next day. What’s more, Dashboard can help keep the phones silent when users put their phones down, so they will use the phones less. If you truly want to make full use of your free time instead of spending hours using your phone, this new app is just a good choice. After all, controlling yourself and having a strong will can help you most.

【小题1】Dashboard may be helpful to people who ________.
A.can’t use apps like WechatB.know little about phones
C.want to use their phones lessD.would like to get the latest news
【小题2】What will happen if people reach the time limit they’ve set for an app?
A.Dashboard will keep the phone silent.B.They can’t use the app that same day.
C.Dashboard will set a new time limit.D.Their phone will turn itself off at once.
【小题3】The underlined word “hit” in the passage means “________” in Chinese.
A.reachB.quitC.refuseD.increase
【小题4】What is the best title for the passage?
A.An app to help you check your information
B.An app to help you give up all your bad habits
C.An app to help you make full use of your phone
D.An app to help you manage your time on your phone

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