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Small-scale fisheries supply many people with food. Almost all of those in this trade rely on gillnets (刺网) to trap fish. But gillnets trap other things, for example, endangered animals such as turtles; dangerous ones, such as Humboldt squid; and ones that are both endangered and dangerous, such as several types of sharks. Everyone involved would be better off if this did not happen.

Building on studies done both by himself and by others, to try to avoid the accidental netting of turtles, Jesse Senko, a marine-conservation biologist at Arizona State University, has been investigating the idea of fitting LEDs to nets to avoid netting other unwanted by-catch (误捕的鱼) without discouraging target animals. And, as he reports in Current Biology, it seems to work.

Dr. Senko and his team set up an experiment in the Gulf of Ulloa, in Mexico, in which they cooperated with local fishermen to employ over 10,000 meters of nets that had had nets battery-powered waterproof green LEDs fixed onto them every ten meters. Half of these lights were lit. The other half were left unlit, as controls. Each lit net was paired with an unlit one, and the two were used alongside one another at major fishing locations. The fishers’ target fish were large groupers (石斑鱼). Dr. Senko was interested both in what else got caught and whether the lights decreased catches of the target species.

On the latter point, to his relief, they did not. On the former, the lit net s caught 95% fewer kilograms of shark-related species. In particular, several threatened species turned up less often in the lit than the unlit nets.

The advantage from the point of view of fishermen was that they needed to spend a lot less time clearing these dangerous by-catches from their nets. And, crucially, the LEDs concerned are cheap, hard-wearing, and easy to fix. There are also plans to make them solar powered, for easy recharging. Here, then, is an environmental-protection idea from which everyone wins.

【小题1】What is the problem with gillnets?
A.They are costly to maintain.B.They trap unwanted by-catches.
C.They discourage target catches.D.They only trap dangerous species.
【小题2】What does paragraph 3 mainly talk about?
A.The principle of the experiment.B.The results of the experiment.
C.The purpose of the experimentD.The process of the experiment.
【小题3】What can be inferred from Dr. Senko’s experiment?
A.Fixing LEDs to gillnets is a win-win idea.
B.Fishermen benefit the most from the idea.
C.The Lit-net catches more threatened species.
D.The LED-net just catches less target species.
【小题4】What was the author’s attitude to the LEDs’ idea?
A.Critical.B.Unclear.C.Hopeful.D.Doubtful.
23-24高一下·广东深圳·期中
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Humane AI Pin

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TranscribeGlass

A smart pair of glasses with one single purpose: to record your thoughts. Designed for deaf people or those who are hard of hearing, they use a small microphone to pick up voices. Whether it’s from a conversation, a video or a museum tour, the glasses will automatically record voices and display subtitles in front of your eyes. It all happens in real time and, according to the company, is highly accurate.

CMF by Nothing Watch Pro

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【小题1】What is the main purpose of the Humane AI Pin device?
A.To restrict teenagers’ screentime.B.To reduce reliance on smartphones.
C.To maximize smartphones’ portability.D.To enhance smartphones’ performance.
【小题2】Which device is friendly to the hearing-impaired?
A.TranscribeGlass.B.Humane AI Pin.
C.Opal Tadpole webcam.D.CMF by Nothing Watch Pro.
【小题3】What feature do Opal Tadpole webcam and CMF by Nothing Watch Pro share?
A.Their unique designs.B.Their affordable prices.
C.Their limited functions.D.Their high-quality cameras.

Unless you bring your own thermos, paper cups are the real option for on-the-go coffee. But as we all know, producing these simple items cuts down forests of trees and contributes to mountains of waste. In fact, Starbucks alone uses 4 billion paper cups a year globally and most of these plastic-lined cups are never recycled.

But a project from Reduce. Reuse. Grow. is handling the coffee industry’s paper cup problem by giving these single-use coffee holders a further purpose: reforestation.

A company in California has developed the world’s first plantable coffee cup, which has seeds in the paper-based material. That means after you’re done with the cup, you can tear it, leave it in water for a few minutes, bury it and let nature take over.

To prevent the spread of invasive plants, the bottom of the cup details the seed variety and also includes instructions on how to plant it either in the northern or central coast of California. For those who don’t want to get their hands dirty, the cup can be put into a Reduce. Reuse. Grow bin where it will eventually be taken to a reforestation location. The cup can biodegrade (生物降解) within 180 days and offer nutrition to plants.

The company is trying to put the cup into commercial production and persuade coffee shops to buy the cups.

【小题1】Starbucks is mentioned in Paragraph1______.
A.because Starbucks provides recyclable cups
B.because Starbucks uses pretty plastic-lined cups
C.to show Starbucks is famous for its on-the-go coffee
D.to prove the coffee industry causes the paper cup problem
【小题2】The plantable coffee cup ______.
A.can be used many timesB.contains seeds in its material
C.can be used as a flowerpotD.is made of waterproof material
【小题3】The seed variety is shown on the cup mainly to ______.
A.interest cup usersB.spread knowledge of plants
C.make sure it is planted properlyD.help users choose certain cups
【小题4】What is a Reduce. Reuse. Grow, bin used for?
A.Selling plantable coffee cups.B.Making plantable coffee cups.
C.Collecting plantable coffee cups.D.Recycling plantable coffee cups.

Independent living at home is the ideal for every aging person. But a fall or other health-threatening incidents can change everything rapidly.

The wearable “panic buttons” introduced in the late 1980s were a great advance. But they only work if people actually wear them and can reach the button in an emergency. Today there are passive wearables that automatically detect falls, and camera-based systems to monitor elder safety.

Coming from a 40-year career in the semiconductor and wireless communication field, Rafi Zack decided to find a better alternative. “People aren’t devoted to wearing small devices 24/7, and camera-based systems are an invasion(侵犯)of privacy,” he points out, “The most challenging aspect is a fall. How fast we can detect a fall matters because the medical situation worsens quickly. Sometimes people stay on the floor for a long time. We have to find out how to solve that problem.”

Zack is a co-founder, CEO and vice president of R&D at EchoCare Technologies which has developed ECHO (Elderly Care Home Observer), a cloud-connected monitor based on radar technology and machine learning.

Because radar sees through walls, one ECHO unit fixed on the ceiling or wall can monitor one person (or two persons, in a future version) in a standard-sized apartment in a senior living facility. The device detects falls, breathing difficulties, drowning in a bathtub and other dangerous events. It gives out warnings to potential health worsening conditions by continuously monitoring and analyzing the person’s location, posture(姿势), motion and breath. EchoCare tested the device in the United States, Japan, Australia and Israel. ECHO was certified(认证)in 2019 in Japan with the most aging population in the world.

“Bathrooms were the main testing area where about 17,000 deadly accidents happen annually.” said SMK Director and Executive Vice President Tetsuo Hara. “Bathroom makers, home security service providers and nursing homes are highly interested in EchoCare’s solution.” Zack noted, “As more and more elder people live alone as a result of social distancing, there is an increased need to monitor them without the burden of wearables or privacy-invading cameras.”

【小题1】What’s the advantage of ECHO over “panic buttons”?
A.It has camera-based systems.B.It has been widely accepted.
C.It can function without cameras.D.Its buttons can be easily reached.
【小题2】What can we know about ECHO from paragraph 5?
A.It is designed to send out warnings regularly.
B.It monitors dangerous health-related events.
C.It was certified in many developed countries.
D.It detects more than one person at the same time.
【小题3】What can we infer about the future of ECHO?
A.It’ll become more popular with the elderly.
B.It’ll stop 17,000 deaths happening annually.
C.It’ll be used in nursing homes and hospitals.
D.It’ll help elderly people to live an active life.
【小题4】What can be the best title for the passage?
A.An Advanced Medical Instrument
B.A High-tech Monitor for the Elderly
C.The Invention of a Healthcare Device
D.The Improvement of a Medical Facility

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