In the past few years, researchers at Lund University【小题1】(publish) several papers on dogs’ ability to detect the warmth of a body without touching it. Their results show that, from 5 feet away, dogs can reliably tell the difference【小题2】a 4-inch object at body temperature and one at room temperature. The scientists identified a set of nerves in a dog’s nose【小题3】appear to be responsible. The skin on a dog’s nose can absorb the tiny amount of infrared light leaking from a warm object, and the nerves inside the skin quickly sense that extra energy,【小题4】(signal) to the brain that something warm is nearby.

It is awfully strange that there is an animal that hangs upside down. A few tree 【小题1】   (climber), like margays, hang upside down if they are reaching for something. But bats are the only animals 【小题2】 spend most of their time hanging upside down.

There is 【小题3】(actual) a very good reason why they do this: They have to hang upside down so that they can fly.

We have to acknowledge that bats are neither birds 【小题4】 insects. These are the other two animals that have true powered flight. The difference between bat flight and bird or insect flight【小题5】(be)weight—specifically the ratio（比率）of weight to lift-ability of the wings.

Insects and birds often jump into the air 【小题6】(give) them a start in the right【小题7】(direct). Then their powerful wings take them up, up, and away. Bats, on the other hand, can’t do that. They have a lot of difficulty 【小题8】（take) off from the ground. And bats don’t have 【小题9】 you could call “powerful” wings. These 【小题10】(amaze)creatures are mammals(哺乳动物), after all.

Not all of the 1240-plus species of bats hang upside down. There are exceptions—about six of them, within two different families.

Since last September, the Australian bushfires 【小题1】 (destroy) around 80,000 square kilometers of forest.

Early on, most reports about the bushfires focused on the cost to humans. Recently, people have shown more concern about the effects of the fires 【小题2】 animals than before. Chris Dickman, a scientist at the University of Sydney tried to figure out how many animals might have been killed by the fires. The number he came up with was 【小题3】 (surprising) large: over 1 billion animals.

The 【小题4】 (lose) of animals could be especially bad news in Australia, which 【小题5】 (be) home to many special animals that can’t be found anywhere else. Scientists worry that the bushfires might put 【小题6】 end to some kinds of animals that were already in danger of dying out.

Even when animals survive, it can be hard for them to stay alive in the world 【小题7】 (leave) behind by the fires. That’s 【小题8】 many of the places they live in and their sources of food have been ruined. For that reason, workers for Australia’s National Park are using helicopters to drop sweet potatoes and carrots onto 12 【小题9】 ( difference) areas where rock-wallabies (岩石袋鼠)live. Rock-wallabies often survive bushfires, but can have difficulty 【小题10】 (find) enough to eat.