试题详情
阅读理解-阅读单选 适中0.65 引用1 组卷8

CLONING: WHERE IS IT LEADING US?

When it was announced in 2018 that the Chinese Academy of Sciences in Shanghai had created the world’s first cloned monkeys, Zhongzhong and Huahua, heated discussions followed online. In fact, cloning has always been with us. It is a way of making an exact copy of another animal or plant. It happens in plants when gardeners take cuttings from growing plants to make new ones. It also happens in animals when identical twins are produced from the same egg. These are both examples of natural clones.

Cloning has two major uses. First, gardeners use it to produce large quantities of plants for sale. Second, it is valuable for research on new plant species and for medical research on animals. Cloning plants is fairly straightforward, while cloning animals is much more complicated and difficult. Over the years, many scientists failed in their attempts to clone animals, but their determination and patience paid off in 1996 with a breakthrough—the cloning of Dolly the sheep.

With the advances of scientific research, cloning will have several major uses in the future. For one thing, it could be used to breed animal species which are endangered, or even bring back species which are now extinct. For another, it could be used to grow human organs or tissue in animals, which could be used for human organ transplants or medical treatments. Finally, cloning could be used to breed animals that will provide us with higher quality meat, milk, or eggs.

While there are technical issues that need to be worked through to make widespread cloning possible, the biggest concerns are moral. For example, if scientists brought an extinct animal back into existence, it would probably end up living in a zoo. That is not very good for the animal. Even worse for the animal is using it as a source of organ transplants—because it will be injured or even die. ln addition, many people worry that eating animal products that result from cloning might be harmful to our health over time. The possibility of using cloning to produce human beings is an even bigger concern. What would happen if such knowledge ended up in the wrong hands?

When it comes to cloning, we wonder, ultimately, whether cloning will help or harm the world. No doubt, we will be talking about this question for a long time to come.

【小题1】Which of the following is not the use of natural clones today?
A.Gardeners take cuttings from the plants to make new ones.
B.Identical twins are produced from the same egg.
C.Scientists created the world’s first cloned monkeys.
D.Gardeners use cloning to produce large quantities of plants for sale.
【小题2】What is the main idea of paragraph 3?
A.Possible uses of cloning in the future.B.Current uses of cloning.
C.Whether cloning is good or bad.D.Moral and ethical concerns about cloning.
【小题3】Why do many people worry about cloned food?
A.It might not be fresh.B.It might not be nutritious.
C.It might not be clean.D.It might be harmful to our health.
【小题4】What does the author mean by “What would happen if such knowledge ended up in the wrong hands”?
A.The cloned animals end up living in a zoo.
B.The cloned animal is used as a source of organ transplants.
C.Using cloning to produce human beings is a bigger concern.
D.Someone uses cloning to do immoral things.
23-24高二下·江西赣州·开学考试
知识点:科普知识 说明文 答案解析 【答案】很抱歉,登录后才可免费查看答案和解析!
类题推荐

Digital mindfulness is the application of mindfulness practices in your digital life. According to Jon Kabat-Zinn, a professor at the University of Massachusetts Medicine School, mindfulness is “a means of paying attention in a particular way, on purpose, in the present moment, and non-judgmentally”. Here two main key points are stressed when it comes to mindfulness as a practice in your digital life.

The first point is that you must learn to do things on purpose. For example, you use your phone as a habitual escape from boredom or stress, which is thought by many as a quick solution to all those negative feelings. But what if you get only negative responses from your phone-the news or posts are negative? Instead of finding peace, you find more boredom and more stress. The solution that mindfulness provides is purposeful and intentional choice. Therefore, you are empowered to choose how to respond to the stimulus (刺激) behind such feelings as boredom, loneliness, and stress and not just treat the symptoms (症状).

The other key is going through the experience non-judgmentally. When you feel sad or angry because of a post on social media, all you ever do is to go through the experience and let it flow. At its heart, mindfulness involves the acceptance of your memories, feelings, and thoughts minus any judgment on yourself or others because of those things. These feelings, memories, and experiences come and go. After they have passed, you are still you and in control. You will become more aware of your inner world. It's this internal monologue (独白) that pushes you to grab your digital technology (phone, Alexa speaker, TV, etc.).

Digital mindfulness is not about avoiding the negative things in life. Through mindfulness practice, you regain the power to learn from these experiences and healthily deal with the negative. Mindfulness will also teach you to be aware of all your emotions, so you learn to deal with the things that you used to avoid. Finally, digital mindfulness brings you peace of mind in an ever-changing and increasingly connected world.

Now, I would rather prefer to think of it as one of many tools that we can use in our daily life.

【小题1】What does the author suggest readers do when they feel stressed in their digital life?
A.Deal with the root cause of the problem.B.Use the phone as a habitual escape.
C.Keep away from the negative responses.D.Make a more interesting choice.
【小题2】What can we infer from paragraph 3?
A.Negative feelings should be avoided or controlled.
B.Mindfulness involves both acceptance and judgment.
C.Mindfulness helps us fully experience life as it happens.
D.Digital technology is the key to understanding our inner world.
【小题3】Which of the following is a suitable title for the text?
A.How Can You Avoid Negative Feelings?B.What is Digital Mindfulness aimed at?
C.Why Do We Practise Digital Mindfulness?D.How Can Digital Mindfulness Help You?
【小题4】What will probably be discussed in the next paragraph?
A.Ways of practising mindfulness in the digital age.
B.Applications of mindfulness in communication.
C.Development of mindfulness in medical field.
D.Benefits of practising digital mindfulness in daily life.

Turning 18 is a big deal when you are a teenager. It means you are responsible for yourself and don’t need your parents’ permission any more. However, there are lots of opinions about when one becomes an adult. Some are based on science, while others are personal opinions. While currently the age is 18, science supports 25 as a more sensible age for adulthood, and I agree.

While studying the brain of teenagers, scientists have learned that when kids are around 18, their prefrontal cortex(前额皮层) is only halfway developed. The prefrontal-cortex helps people set and achieve goals by receiving signals from different regions of the brain to process information and adapting accordingly. That halfway development means that you still have things to learn and your brains still have time to develop until the age of 25.

Some people think going off to college and living on your own qualify(使...具有资格)you as an adult, while others may believe having a steady income and being able to afford to live on your own are what make you an adult. Not everyone has a fortunate life where they have family that can provide support; there are situations where you are forced to become an “adult” whether you like it or not.

In the foster care(寄养) system, once a child turns 18, he or she is considered an adult and can no longer receive state-sponsored support. These children are forced into a life where they have no family or anyone to support them other than those who were there for them in the system.

Having a quality job will allow you to supply yourself with necessary things to live and help you become a more mature and responsible person. Also, going through difficult times and realizing life isn’t as easy as it seems, should qualify someone as an adult.

【小题1】What is the author’s attitude toward considering 25 as an age for adulthood?
A.Cautious.B.Uncaring.C.Doubtful.D.positive
【小题2】How does the prefrontal cortex work to help people set and achieve goals?
A.By dealing with received signals and responding accordingly.
B.By collecting information from other parts of the body.
C.By sending instructions to different regions of the brain.
D.By transporting sensed emotions and making records.
【小题3】What does the author intend to do in paragraph 3?
A.Give a definition of adulthood.
B.Stress the importance of family support.
C.Prove not everyone lives a fortunate life.
D.Show opinion on becoming an adult is divided.
【小题4】What does the underlined word “them” in paragraph 4 refer to?
A.Families.B.Children in the foster system.
C.Workers in the foster system.D.Adults.
【小题5】What is one standard qualifying you as an adult according to the author?
A.Setting up a family.
B.Being responsible for your study.
C.Accepting and learning from the low moments in life.
D.Buying yourself quality things to live.

Throughout the ages different ideas have been expressed about the working of the human brain. In ancient times, men thought that the mind was based in the heart. It was not until the 18th century that man realized that the whole of the brain was involved in the workings of the mind.

During the 19th century scientists found that when certain parts of the brain were damaged men lost the ability to do certain things. And so, people thought that each part of the brain controlled a different activity. But modern research has found that this is not so.

In the past 50 years there has been a great increase in the amount of research being done on the brain. Scientists have found that the way the brain works is far more complicated than they had thought. They have tried to use computers to copy the way the brain works. However, they have found that even using the latest electronic equipment they would have to build a computer weighed over 10,000 kilos.

Earlier scientists thought that the power of the brain decreased during a man’s lifetime. But now it has been found that an old person who has always been mentally active has a quicker mind than a young person who has done only physical work. It means the more work we give our brains, the more work they can do.

Scientists hope that if we can discover how the brain works, we will be able to make better use of it. For example, how do we learn language? Some children learn to speak and read and write when they are very young compared to average children. But scientists are not sure why this happens.

Other people now believe that we use only 1% of our brains’ full potential. They say that the only limit on the power of the brain is the limit of what we think is possible. This is probably because of the way we are taught as children. When we first start learning to use our minds we are told what to do, for example, to remember certain facts, but we are not taught how our memory works and how to make best use of it. We are told to make notes but we are not taught how our brains accept information and which is the best way to organize the information we want our brains to accept.

This century man has made many discoveries about the universe — the world outside himself. But he has also started to look into the workings of that other universe which is inside himself.

【小题1】What does the author agree with?
A.How our brain works remains a puzzle.
B.The work of the mind is rooted in the heart.
C.Different parts of the brain control activities.
D.A computer can store information as our brain.
【小题2】What can we infer from Paragraphs 4 and 5?
A.People have made the most of the brains.
B.The brain need practice to keep its power.
C.Some children know the secret to learning.
D.People experience memory loss with aging.
【小题3】What does the example in the last but two paragraph suggest?
A.A good memory is worse than a bad pen.
B.Only 1% of our brain has been fully used.
C.How to remember facts is unnecessary to learn.
D.How we are taught affects the power of our brain.
【小题4】What is the author’s attitude to the future of the study?
A.Concerned.B.Objective.C.Positive.D.Sceptical.

组卷网是一个信息分享及获取的平台,不能确保所有知识产权权属清晰,如您发现相关试题侵犯您的合法权益,请联系组卷网