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Richard Feynman was arguably the second best known physicist after Einstein. But she is not the only distinguished scientist in the Feynman family.

Born in 1927, Joan Feynman grew up in Queens, New York, alongside her older brother Richard. He would become Joan’s first teacher and someone who helped develop her curious nature, believing her capable of learning all the math and science he could teach her. She would try to solve math problems for the unique reward of getting to pull her brother’s hair and serving as his “lab assistant” at the age of five. For her fourteenth birthday, Richard gave Feynman a copy of Astronomy by Rebecca Horace Baker, a college-level physics text, which both taught her about physics and what was possible. Feynman credited it for proving to her that women could indeed have a career doing science.

Feynman would go on to receive a bachelor’s degree from Oberlin College, before she attended Syracuse University, studying condensed matter theory and earning a PhD in 1958. By 1960, Feynman was married with two children and she decided to take a break from physics to take on the role of homemaker.

The break was short-lived, as Feynman grew depressed from keeping a home and caring for two small children. In 1962, at the advice of a psychologist, she went in search of employment, securing three job offers at multiple institutes. At Lamont, where she worked part-time, Feynman began her research into Earth’s magnetosphere, identifying its shape.

Over the course of her career, Feynman made many breakthroughs in furthering the understanding of solar wind and its interaction with the Earth’s magnetosphere. As author or co-author of more than 185 papers, Feynman’s research accomplishments range from discovering the shape of the Earth’s magnetosphere to identifying the origin of auroras. In 1974, she would become the first woman ever elected as an officer of the American Geophysical Union, and in 2000 she was awarded NASA’s Exceptional Scientific Achievement Medal.

“Joan Feynman leaves a wealth of scientific accomplishments, having made important contributions,” said APS CEO Kate Kirby. “Despite being discouraged to pursue science by social expectations, she persevered, and her accomplishments serve as an inspiration to women who wish to pursue a career in science.”

【小题1】How did Richard influence Joan?
A.By preparing her for subjects in college.
B.By introducing her to the world of science.
C.By teaching her the importance of astronomy.
D.By offering her a job serving as his lab assistant.
【小题2】What can be inferred from the passage?
A.All women scientists have benefited from Joan’s inspiration.
B.In Joan’s time women were encouraged to become scientists.
C.Pursuing scientific goals contributed to Joan’s psychological well-being.
D.As her first teacher, Richard designed Joan’s career path as an astronomer.
【小题3】Which best describes Joan Feynman as a scientist?
A.Successful and wealthy.B.Optimistic and hardworking.
C.Popular and ambitious.D.Productive and acknowledged.
【小题4】What is the best title for the passage?
A.Joan Feynman: Survivor of Depression
B.Joan Feynman: Sister of Richard Feynman
C.Joan Feynman: The Lesser-known Feynman
D.Joan Feynman: The Most Successful Woman Scientist
2024·吉林长春·模拟预测
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I’ve loved to sew all my life. I started sewing clothes for my dolls when I was 7. My mother showed me how to stitch with a needle and thread, and it was my favorite pastime when it was too cold and snowy to play outside. As a teenager, I began to design and sew my own outfits. I cut out paper patterns to construct dresses and skirts, and I’d sit at the old sewing machine for hours.

In my late 20s, I began to buy used and vintage clothes to upcycle and refashion. My favorite places to buy vintage clothes are thrift shops (旧货店) and church rummage sales (教堂义卖).

However, about 10 years ago, when I was ripping out the silk lining (内衬) from a beautiful long blue evening dress, I stopped. There was a hidden pocket in the front that I failed to notice as I merrily ripped at the seams. I pulled out an old photo of a young woman wearing the very same blue evening dress. A long silver chain necklace hung gracefully down the front of the dress, and she was holding a black purse. She had a soft smile, and she looked to be in her early 20s.

Somebody else wore this dress many years ago. Who was she? Did she wear it to the theater? To a fancy dinner party? And I was now tearing it apart. I felt guilty.

I mentioned my concerns and guilt to my daughter. She said, “Mom, you should be proud of your upcycling and your sewing creations. You are keeping clothes out of the landfill (垃圾填埋场), and you’re creating new fashions. Consider it a bonus (意外收获) if you find objects in the pockets. The clothes are talking to you!”

I decided to pay homage to this upcycling discovery -and the many others I’ve found over the years — by displaying them on a bulletin board in my sewing room. These discoveries have made me enjoy refashioning and upcycling clothes even more. But I have learned to be a little gentler when I rip seams open with my scissors, and I approach pockets more carefully.

【小题1】What are the first two paragraphs mainly about?
A.The author’s mom’s influence on her.B.The author’s growing love for sewing.
C.The author’s preference for vintage clothes.D.The author’s deep interest in design.
【小题2】How did the author feel immediately after discovering the photo in the dress pocket?
A.Excited.B.Regretful.C.Amazed.D.Nervous.
【小题3】What does the author’s daughter think of upcycling old clothes?
A.It’s a waste of time.B.It’s a challenging hobby.
C.It’s a professional business.D.It’s environmentally friendly.
【小题4】What does the author do with her upcycling discoveries made over the years?
A.Sells them online.B.Donates them to thrift shops.
C.Shows them in her sewing room.D.Gives them to her daughter as gifts.
阅读下列短文,从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中,选出最佳选项。
One day when I was 12, my mother gave me an order: I was to walk to the public library, and borrow at least one book for the summer. This was one more weapon for her to defeat my strange problem— inability to read.
In the library, I found my way into the “Children’s Room.” I sat down on the floor and pulled a few books off the shelf at random. The cover of a book caught my eye. It presented a picture of a beagle. I had recently had a beagle, the first and only animal companion I ever had as a child. He was my secret sharer, but one morning, he was gone, given away to someone who had the space and the money to care for him. I never forgot my beagle. Without opening the book titled Amos, the Beagle with a Plan, I borrowed it from the library for the summer.
Under the shade of a bush, I started to read about Amos. I read very, very slowly with difficulty. Though pages were turned slowly, I got the main idea of the story about a dog who, like mine, had been separated from his family and who finally found his way back home. That dog was my dog, and I was the little boy in the book.
My mother’s call returned me to the real world. I suddenly realized something: I had read a book, and I had loved reading that book. Everyone knew I could not read. But I had read it. Books could be incredibly wonderful and I was going to read them.
I never told my mother about my “miraculous” (奇迹般地) experience that summer, but she saw a slow but remarkable improvement in my classroom performance during the next year. And years later, she was proud that her son had read thousands of books, was awarded a PhD in literature, and authored his own books, articles, poetry and fiction. The power of the words has held.
【小题1】The author’s mother told him to borrow a book in order to_____.
A.encourage him to do more walking
B.help cure him of his reading problem
C.let him spend a meaningful summer
D.make him learn more about weapons
【小题2】The book caught the author’s eye because_____.
A.it contained pretty pictures of animals
B.he found its title easy to understand
C.he was reminded of his own dog
D.he liked children’s stories very much
【小题3】What can be concluded from the last paragraph?
A.The author’s mother rewarded him with books.
B.The author’s mother read the same book.
C.The author has become a successful writer.
D.The author has had happy summers ever since.
【小题4】Which one could be the best title of the passage?
A.My Passion for Reading
B.Mum’s Strict Order
C.Reunion with My Beagle
D.The Charm of a Book

As 35-ycar-old Rajesh walked out of the HR head’s office, he couldn’t help crying and his mind went empty. Suddenly, a regular day at work had turned into his last day in the office. Having cleared his desk of his things and small objects he had used to beautify his workspace. he pulled himself with difficulty to the nearby café and called his wife. Nina.

People like Rajesh are being “let go” for a variety of reasons: poor performance, personal issues and so on. Most people. even though they are aware of the realities, go through a mix of emotions: shock. refusal. self-blame (自资), anger, often leading to unhappiness.

The most important thing is not to think of yourself as a victim (受害者). First, consider self-care. Then, develop a plan to keep yourself busy. Meanwhile, you can update your resume (简历) on the website and make a list of friends and relatives who could help you find a new job.

At first. Rajesh was obviously very upset and spent a number of days staying in bed. Seeing this, Nina took time off from work and even took him to the adviser, from whom he learn-ed that he had become too satisfied with his job and was refusing the reality around him. He had never thought of considering his own professional development. This insight helped him refocus his energy: from playing the blame game to getting new skills and being ready for a better job.

Rajesh and Nina then decided to move from Mumbai to Bengaluru, where his IT skills were more popular. So a newly focused Rajesh first got himself a job. The silver lining was that the cost of living in Bengaluru was lower and they could even achieve their dream of having an apartment.

【小题1】How did Rajesh feel when leaving the HR head’s office?
A.Excited.B.Satisfied.C.Sad.D.Lonely.
【小题2】What should people do after being fired according to the text?
A.Make a complaint to the boss.B.Drown their sadness in a cup of coffee.
C.Spend some time punishing themselves.D.Prepare for future job opportunities.
【小题3】What did Rajesh do after seeing the adviser?
A.He refused to accept the reality around him.B.He focused on improving himself for a job.
C.He felt satisfied with the present situation.D.He improved his relationship with Nina.
【小题4】What do the underlined words “The silver lining” in paragraph 5 mean?
A.The unpleasant situation.B.The bad decision.
C.The only disadvantage.D.The positive side.

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