Imagine walking by a maple (枫树) tree that is no taller than a ruler. You may think that this is a special type of miniature tree, but it actually isn’t! Creating a tree like this is a form of art called bonsai. Bonsai are tiny trees grown in small pots. Bonsai can be any kind of tree. They just need to be planted in a small container and cultivated in a way that stunts their growth.
Cultivating, or taking care of, a bonsai tree requires patience and care. Pruning — removing branches, leaves, and roots — is an important part of raising bonsai. It keeps the trees small, and it also controls their shape. Pinching off new buds (嫩芽) and tying wire around branches help create a beautiful design. These processes allow the grower to control what shape the bonsai tree will take as it develops.
People who raise bonsai want their trees to look like they belong in nature. Even though it is contained in a pot, a bonsai tree should look similar to its larger counterpart (相对物,参照物). For example, the bonsai maple should have the same forked branches and vibrant leaves as the full-sized maple. This makes the bonsai a tiny copy of the full-sized maple that towers overhead.
Like other plants, bonsai need water and food from the soil. In order to keep bonsai the proper size, you need to carefully control the amount of water and fertilizer you provide. If you want to grow a bonsai, it is best to start with a species that grows in your area. Most bonsai do best when kept outdoors, so they need to be able to survive the weather. If kept indoors, the bonsai must be placed near a window. Interestingly, with proper care, bonsai can live for a hundred years or more.
【小题1】Why does a bonsai tree need pruning frequently?A.To control its size. |
B.To help it grow well. |
C.To save fertilizer and water. |
D.To create a shape as designed. |
A.One of a larger counterpart. |
B.A tiny copy of the full-sized maple. |
C.One looking like its counterpart in nature. |
D.One with forked branches and vibrant leaver. |
A.To keep the bonsai indoors. |
B.To start with a native species. |
C.To keep bonsai the proper size. |
D.To control the amount of water. |
A.Bonsai — a special hobby |
B.How to be bonsai grower |
C.What does bonsai refer to? |
D.Why is bonsai so popular? |
Looking for a way to be happier? Are you seeking deeper connections with friends or looking for more friends?
Compassion, as one scholar describes, is “experiencing feelings of loving kindness toward another person’s suffering”. The compassionate tend to have deeper connections with others and have more friends, who are more forgiving and have a stronger sense of life purpose. The compassionate also tend to be happier, healthier, more self-confident, and less self-critical.
Practicing compassion doesn’t have to cost you money. All you need is a quiet place.
Even short-term exercises like this broaden your attention, your thinking and your overall sense of well-being in a way that lasts.
This practice is beneficial to physical health and can help reduce physical signs of stress. And the happiness that can come from compassion training is the kind that lasts.
A.Want to relate better to other people? |
B.That’s in part because it changes your brain. |
C.Compassion training is helpful to reduce stress. |
D.In that quiet space, sit in a comfortable position. |
E.Then expand that feeling to yourself and to others. |
F.Consequently, compassion has direct personal benefits. |
G.However, it is important to create a comfortable environment. |
Good tool design is important in the prevention of overuse injuries. Well-designed tools and equipment will require less force to operate them and prevent awkward(别扭的)hand positions. They will allow the worker to keep the elbows(肘)next to the body to prevent damage to the shoulder and arm.
Overuse injuries can therefore be prevented or reduced if the employer provides, and workers use:
●power tools rather than having to use muscle power
●tools with specially designed handles that allow the wrist to keep straight (See figure 1). This means that hands and wrists are kept in the same position as they would be if they were hanging relaxed at a person’s side
Figure1. Bend the tool, not the wrist
●tools with handles that can be held comfortably by the whole hand. This means having a selection of sizes-remember that tools that provide a comfortable firm hold for a person with a very large hand may be of no use for someone with a very small hand. This is a particularly important consideration for women who may use tools originally designed for men.
●tools that do not press fingers (or flesh) between the handles, and whose handles do not have sharp edges or a small surface area.
【小题1】What is the best title for the passage?A.Good tool Design for Women | B.Importance of Good Tool Design |
C.Tool Design and Prevention of Injuries | D.Overuse of Tools and Worker Protection |
A.It‘s kept close to the body. | B.It fully uses muscle power. |
C.It makes users feel relaxed. | D.It will make users use less force |
A.The effective use of the tool. | B.The way of operating the tool. |
C.The proper design of the handle. | D.The purpose of bending the wrist. |
A.the size | B.the edge | C.the shape | D.the position |
Encouraging a teen to read the classics can be a challenging task due to their increased time commitments, social pressures, and the challenging nature of classic works of literature.
Pair their reading interests with the classics.
If your teen enjoys reading a certain kind of work, ask them what they are reading and why they like it, then talk about a work of classic literature you enjoy that explores similar topics. Present them with that book and say something encouraging, such as, “The way you were talking about vampires in Twilight yesterday reminded me of Bram Stoker’s Dracula.
Television and radios that are constantly on can dull attention spans and discourage attentive reading. Make sure your teen has a lamp that makes reading in bed comfortable. Provide them with a bookshelf for their room and encourage them to collect books. Even if teens aren't reading the classics, an encouraging home environment will help them to build the literary foundation for approaching those works later.
Make frequent trips to the library with your teen.
Libraries often have summer challenges that encourage youth to read with prizes and competitions. Reading will likely become more exciting for your teen if they’ve set a goal to read a certain number of books over the summer.
Take your teen to the bookstore.
A.Create an encouraging reading environment |
B.Here's the copy that I read when I was your age. |
C.Lead your teen towards novels with themes relevant to their life. |
D.Describe your favorite scene from a classic you're encouraging them to read. |
E.However, it should be a loose goal, and encourage your teen to be flexible with it. |
F.Libraries and school textbooks often can't offer attractive editions of classic works. |
G.Fortunately, with a bit of creativity, there are many ways to inspire teens to read the classics. |
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