It is not only praise or punishment that determines a child’s level of cognition (认知). There are some other important ways we shape our kids—particularly by giving instructions and commands in a negative or positive choice of words. For example, we can say to a child “Don’t run into traffic!” or “Stay on the footpath close to me.” In using the latter, you will be helping your kids to think and act positively, and to feel competent in a wide range of situations, because they know what to do, and aren’t scaring themselves with what not to do.
Actually, it is all in the way the human mind works. When we think, we automatically practise. For example, if someone offered you a million dollars not to think of a blue monkey for two minutes, you wouldn’t be able to do it. When a child is told “Don’t fall off the tree,” he will think of two things: “don’t” and “fall off the tree”. That is, he will automatically create the picture of falling off the tree in his mind. A child who is vividly imagining falling off the tree is much more likely to fall off. So it is far better to use “Hold on to the tree carefully.”
Clear, positive instructions help kids to understand the right way to do things. Kids do not always know how to be safe, or how to react to the warning of the danger in negative words. So parents should make their commands positive. “Sam, hold on firmly to the side of the boat” is much more useful than “Don’t you dare to fall out of the boat?” or “How do you think I’ll feel if you drown?” The changes are small but the difference is obvious.
Children learn how to guide and organize themselves from the way we instruct them with our words, so it pays to be positive.
【小题1】Why do we choose positive words when giving kids commands?| A．To help them to learn in different situations. |
| B．To instruct their own behaviors. |
| C．To guide them to imagine the picture. |
| D．To improve their imagination. |
| A．A child will act on what is instructed. |
| B．One won’t think of a blue monkey when given money. |
| C．A child will surely fall off the tree when told not to. |
| D．One can’t help imagining what is heard. |
| A．How do you think I’ll feel if you get hurt? |
| B．Don’t walk on the grass. |
| C．Stay on the sidewalk until it’s safe to cross. |
| D．Don’t you dare to walk through the red light? |
| A．Positive instructions guide kids | B．Praise makes kids confident |
| C．Right instructions keep kids safe | D．Clear commands make kids different |
Timeless Ways to Live a Happy Life
Achieving happiness can be different for each one of us. The following ways to live a happy life can be adapted to fit your needs.
1. Judge whales right.
Some of us see the glass as being half-full, while others see the glass as half-empty. If you get in the slow line at the grocery store, take the opportunity to pick up a magazine and do some “guilty pleasure” reading.
2. Be grateful.
How many times do you say “thank you,” in a day? How many times do you hear these same words? If you are doing the first thing, saying the “thank you,” the latter will naturally happen.
3. Remember the kid you were.
4. Be Kind.
5.
The absence of goals in our lives makes us stuck and ineffective. The pursuit of goals in our personal lives, in our relationships, or with our careers, devotes to having a life full of passion and enthusiasm.
| A．Pursue goals in your life. |
| B．Do the things you want to do. |
| C．Kindness is indeed appealing to us. |
| D．So you will receive an abundance of joy. |
| E．You can carry the burden of failure in life. |
| F．Accept it with what’s right about the situation. |
| G．Don't forget how to play when you were young. |
Choosing the Right Career
For many students, choosing a career is the most important life decision they must make at school. However, choosing the right career is not that easy.
Step One: Reflection
Before you decide upon a career, think about your interests and your talents. Ask yourself: What do I enjoy doing? What am I good at?
Step Two: Planning
Step Three: Selection
Consider what kind of personality you have and what your value is: What is really important to you?
| A．So how can you find a satisfying one? |
| B．Then think about jobs that match you. |
| C．Make an overall survey about your target job. |
| D．Perhaps you like working face to face with people. |
| E．So don’t push yourself to make the perfect decision right now |
When you go on a holiday, is your journey just an annoying inconvenience to get you there? Have you ever been too busy thinking about the next place you’re going to visit to enjoy where you are? Or do you ever return from a holiday exhausted from too much sightseeing? If so, you might want to consider slow travel.
What exactly is slow travel? It’s certainly not about doing everything at a snail’s pace or using the slowest form of transport. Instead, it’s about connecting to the local culture and the people who live there. The idea is that you experience life in any place you visit as if you were from there—if you were slow traveling, you might rent a place to stay, explore on foot or by local transport, shop in neighborhood markets and eat typical food from the area. In other words, you really get to know one or a few places rather than seeing only a little of many different places. Slow travel is a mindset —a way of thinking —it is about appreciating and making the most of every moment of your stay.
The benefits of slow travel are multiple. For a start, an important positive factor is that you’ll save money. Why? Transport, especially flights and renting a car, is one of the biggest expenses on a holiday and using alternatives brings the costs down. Also, staying in an apartment or house means you can eat in and enjoy the pleasure of local shopping. Another advantage is that you’ll meet more local people who can tell you interesting places to go and give great advice. In addition, since you won’t be sticking to a tight schedule, you’ll have time to explore in depth and make plans as you go along.
The benefits don’t end there. Slow travel is less stressful too and you get to see places that you would never have seen otherwise. Getting off the beaten track and finding unexpected treasures, such as a beautiful square or a wonderful little restaurant that aren’t in any guidebooks, are half the fun of going to new places. You’re far more likely to remember these enriching experiences for years to come than visiting yet another museum, cafe packed with tourists or city filled with sightseers, just because all the travel books say they are the best places to go. Finally, slow travel is more environmentally friendly. As a result, not only will you reduce your carbon footprint, but you’ll also promote sustainable travel.
【小题1】How does the author introduce the topic?| A．By presenting examples. | B．By providing background. |
| C．By giving definition. | D．By asking questions. |
| A．Limited | B．Plentiful | C．Impressive | D．Unique |
| A．It is economical and flexible. | B．It is slow and inconvenient. |
| C．It is time-saving and interesting. | D．It is relaxing and green. |
| A．To compare slow travel and special forces-style travel. |
| B．To give examples of the slow travel around the world. |
| C．To introduce what slow travel is and its benefits. |
| D．To list the advantages and disadvantages of slow travel. |
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